Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
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PRISMA 2009 was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found.
“The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found.”
From The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
PRISMA 2009 is a reporting guideline designed to address poor reporting of systematic reviews.
“The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement published in 2009 (hereafter referred to as PRISMA 2009)[4–10] is a reporting guideline designed to address poor reporting of systematic reviews.[11]”
From The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
The systematic reviews and meta-analyses in this study were performed according to the PRISMA statement.
“The systematic reviews and meta-analyses in this study were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.10,11”
From Prehospital Administration of Aspirin and Nitroglycerin for Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome ― A Systematic Review ― (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021229932).
“This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [173] and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021229932).”
From Medical cannabinoids: a pharmacology-based systematic review and meta-analysis for all relevant medical indications. (2022) · cites this paper as [173]
This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines.
“This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines.17”
From Sleep disruption in medicine students and its relationship with impaired academic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
“This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines [24].”
From Efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy in reducing suicidal ideation and deliberate self-harm: Systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [24]
In all sertraline case reports, withdrawal reactions appeared within 1-5 days following either abrupt or tapered discontinuation and lasted from 1-2 weeks to 6 weeks or even longer (13-14 weeks).
“In all reports, withdrawal reactions appeared within 1-5 days following either abrupt [68,69] or tapered [9,14,13,16,70,71] discontinuation and lasted from 1-2 weeks [13,14,69,70] to 6 weeks [16] or even longer (13-14 weeks) [9,68] .”
From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
The PRISMA Statement’s sections on reporting biases and review protocols address systematic-review reporting, not sertraline withdrawal. Searches for sertraline, discontinuation, and the claimed onset and duration found no passage addressing those points in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe review followed PRISMA guidelines.
“Researchers followed the PRISMA guidelines.”
From Behavioral interventions to enhance adherence to hormone therapy in breast cancer survivors: a systematic literature review (2016) · cites this paper as [19]
It is not possible to assure that all behavioral adjuvant hormonal therapy interventions were retrieved due to limitations of MeSH terms and publication bias.
“As in any systematic literature review, it is not possible to assure that all the behavioral adjuvant hormonal therapy interventions were retrieved due to the limitations of using MeSH terms and publication bias.19, 20”
From Behavioral interventions to enhance adherence to hormone therapy in breast cancer survivors: a systematic literature review (2016) · cites this paper as [19]
PRISMA 2009 was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found.
“The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found.”
From The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
The CV stress of pregnancy at advanced maternal age might itself contribute to CVD.
“Furthermore, the CV stress of pregnancy at advanced maternal age might itself contribute to CVD (26).”
From Cardiovascular Risk Following Fertility Therapy (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Recent data from the Women's Health Initiative suggested that, compared with younger women, women who had a pregnancy at advanced maternal age (older than 40 years) experienced a 50% higher risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke 12 years following delivery.
“Interestingly, recent data from the Women's Health Initiative suggested that, compared with younger women, women who had a pregnancy at advanced maternal age (defined as older than 40 years), experienced a 50% higher risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke 12 years following delivery (26);”
From Cardiovascular Risk Following Fertility Therapy (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
The review followed PRISMA guidelines to ensure transparency and reliability.
“following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines”
From Dispositional Mindfulness and Psychological Health: a Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as Moher et al. 2009
Creating a flow diagram to show the number of references retrieved, duplicates removed, and studies excluded as references move through the screening process is one of several required elements for reporting based on the PRISMA statement that the framework includes.
“Creating a flow diagram to show the number of references retrieved, duplicates removed, and studies excluded as references move through the screening process is one of several required elements for reporting based on the PRISMA statement (Liberati et al. 2009; Moher et al. 2009) that we have included in this framework.”
From Systematic Review and Evidence Integration for Literature-Based Environmental Health Science Assessments (2014) · cites this paper as Moher et al. 2009
The OHAT framework includes all of the recommended elements for conducting and reporting a systematic review outlined in the PRISMA statement.
“It includes all of the recommended elements for conducting and reporting a systematic review [outlined in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement (Moher et al. 2009)].”
From Systematic Review and Evidence Integration for Literature-Based Environmental Health Science Assessments (2014) · cites this paper as Moher et al. 2009
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How to properly use the PRISMA Statement
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Anxiety Disorders are Associated with Reduced Heart Rate Variability: A Meta-Analysis
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Augmented Reality Trends in Education : A Systematic Review of Research and Applications
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A systematic review of quality of life research in medicine and health sciences
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Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis
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Cancer immunotherapy efficacy and patients' sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Preventing 30-Day Hospital Readmissions
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Emotion regulation strategies in depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth: A meta-analytic review
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- Authors
- Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (CA)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Moher, David
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1006-1012
- ISSN
- 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2468996569
- Semantic Scholar
- c13dd3a682fb14c3e0437d96d73699d52f6dbb82
- Cited by
- 19,575
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 273 · 2025: 390 · 2024: 952 · 2023: 1378 · 2022: 1749 · 2021: 2395 · 2020: 2048 · 2019: 1538 · 2018: 1341 · 2017: 1049 · 2016: 1414 · 2015: 1928 · 2014: 1594 · 2013: 1011 · 2012: 312
- FWCI
- 12.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Health Services Research and Development
- Johns Hopkins University
- University of Ottawa
- University of Bern
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
- McMaster University
- Cancer Research UK
- University of Ioannina
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
- Medical Research Council
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Universiteit Maastricht
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Keywords
- PRISMA statement, reporting guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, reporting quality, health care research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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