The effects of alpha asymmetry and high-beta down-training neurofeedback for patients with the major depressive disorder and anxiety symptoms
Abstract
Background Alpha-asymmetry neurofeedback (ALAY) was applied to patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) based on the theory of frontal alpha asymmetry. Neurophysiological studies have found a higher high-beta activity of electroencephalography (EEG) at the posterior cortex among patients with comorbid MDD and anxiety symptoms. The present study examined the effects of ALAY and high-beta down-training (Beta) neurofeedback in symptoms of depression and anxiety and EEG parameters.Method Eighty-seven patients with comorbid MDD and anxiety symptoms were allocated to the ALAY, Beta, or control groups. Both neurofeedback groups received ten-session neurofeedback. All participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and five minutes resting EEG recording at pre-test and post-test. EEG raw signals were transformed into an A1 score [log (F4 alpha) - log (F3 alpha)], P3 and P4 high-beta power.Results BDI-II and BAI scores decreased at post-test in both ALAY and Beta groups, but no significant difference between the two groups. No significant interaction effect in A1 score at pre-test and post-test between the ALAY, Beta, and control groups. The P3 high-beta was significantly decreased in the Beta group, an increase in the control group, and no change in the ALAY group at post-test compared to the pre-test.Conclusions Both neurofeedback groups decreased symptoms of depression and anxiety. The Beta group was more effective in decreasing high-beta power at the parietal cortex compared to other groups. This non-invasive psychological intervention can be used in the future for patients with comorbid MDD and anxiety symptoms.
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High-beta down-training improved quality of life, sleep quality, distress, self-efficacy, depressive and anxiety symptoms.
“For example, existing research was able to show that high-beta down-training improved quality of life, sleep quality, distress, self-efficacy, depressive and anxiety symptoms.19”
EEG-neurofeedback has shown promising clinical effects in a wide variety of conditions including internalizing disorders.
“In any case, EEG-NFB has shown promising clinical effects in a wide various of conditions [130–135] including IDs [102, 136–155].”
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- Authors
- Wang, S.-Y., Lin, I.-M., Fan, S.-Y., Tsai, Y.-C., Yen, C.-F., Yeh, Y.-C., Huang, M.-F., Lee, Y., Chiu, N.-M., Hung, C.-F., Wang, P.-W., Liu, T.-L., & Lin, H.-C.
- Affiliations
- Kaohsiung Medical University (TW)
- National Cheng Kung University (TW)
- Chang Gung University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Lin, I-Mei
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 257
- Pages
- 287-296
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2953998751
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 4.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST105-2410-H-037-002, MOST106-2410-H-037-003, 108-2634-F-037-001)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, anxiety symptoms, comorbid depression and anxiety, frontal alpha asymmetry, parietal cortex, EEG, depressive symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Biofeedback, Psychology, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Rest, Case-Control Studies, Neurofeedback
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