Strategies for engaging patients and families in collaborative care programs for depression and anxiety disorders: A systematic review
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Patients and families are often referred to as important partners in collaborative mental health care (CMHC). However, how to meaningfully engage them as partners remains unclear. We aimed to identify strategies for engaging patients and families in CMHC programs for depression and anxiety disorders. METHODS: We updated a Cochrane review of CMHC programs for depression and anxiety disorders. Searches were conducted in Cochrane CCDAN and CINAHL, complemented by additional database searches, trial registry searches, and cluster searches for 'sibling' articles. Coding and data extraction of engagement strategies was an iterative process guided by a conceptual framework. We used narrative synthesis and descriptive statistics to report on findings. FINDINGS: We found 148 unique CMCH programs, described in 578 articles. Most programs (96%) featured at least one strategy for engaging patients or families. Programs adopted 15 different strategies overall, with a median of two strategies per program (range 0-9 strategies). The most common strategies were patient education (87% of programs) and self-management supports (47% of programs). Personalized care planning, shared decision making, and family or peer supports were identified in fewer than one third of programs. LIMITATIONS: Our search strategy was designed to capture programs evaluated in clinical trials and so other innovative programs not studied in trials were likely missed. CONCLUSION: Most CMHC programs for depression and anxiety disorders adopted a limited number of strategies to engage patients and families in their care. However, this review identifies numerous strategies that can be used to strengthen the patient- and family-centeredness of collaborative care.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Technology-based interventions can improve homework compliance, boost participation, and offer engaging and flexible therapy platforms.
“These tools can improve homework compliance, boost participation, and offer engaging and flexible therapy platforms, such as virtual reality or videoconferencing [97,98].”
From The risks versus the benefits of pharmacological intervention in social anxiety disorder in children (2025) · cites this paper as [97]
Section 8.2 (page unavailable) describes videos and web-based tools as ways to deliver self-management support, including support aimed at treatment adherence. It does not report that technology improves homework compliance or participation, or describe virtual reality or videoconferencing as engaging, flexible therapy platforms. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W., Monahan, P. O., & Löwe, B. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004 · Cited by 4,741 · see citing works
Self-management education: History, definition, outcomes, and mechanisms
Lorig, K. R., & Holman, H. R. (2003) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2601_01 · Cited by 4,094 · see citing works
Shared decision making — The pinnacle of patient-centered care
Barry, M. J., & Edgman-Levitan, S. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp1109283 · Cited by 3,433 · see citing works
Self-management approaches for people with chronic conditions: a review
Barlow, J., Wright, C., Sheasby, J., Turner, A., & Hainsworth, J. (2002) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/s0738-3991(02)00032-0 · Cited by 2,800 · see citing works
Brett, J., Staniszewska, S., Mockford, C., Herron‐Marx, S., Hughes, J., Tysall, C., & Suleman, R. (2014) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x · Cited by 1,598 · see citing works
Collaborative care for depression and anxiety problems
Archer, J., Bower, P., Gilbody, S., Lovell, K., Richards, D., Gask, L., Dickens, C., & Coventry, P. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006525.pub2 · Cited by 1,126 · see citing works
Lundahl, B., Moleni, T., Burke, B. L., Butters, R., Tollefson, D., Butler, C., & Rollnick, S. (2013) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2013.07.012 · Cited by 909 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Behavioural change interventions like motivational interviewing and behavioural activation should also be woven into the fabric of collaborative care for depression and anxiety as they can be brief, low intensity interventions that can produce a range of positive impacts on symptoms, concurrent alcohol or substance us…”
BackgroundCuijpers, P., Donker, T., van Straten, A., Li, J., & Andersson, G. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710000772 · Cited by 832 · see citing works
Personalised care planning for adults with chronic or long-term health conditions
Coulter, A., Entwistle, V. A., Eccles, A., Ryan, S., Shepperd, S., & Perera, R. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010523.pub2 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Ekers, D., Webster, L., Van Straten, A., Cuijpers, P., Richards, D., & Gilbody, S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100100 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Taylor, S. J., Pinnock, H., Epiphaniou, E., Pearce, G., Parke, H. L., Schwappach, A., Purushotham, N., Jacob, S., Griffiths, C. J., Greenhalgh, T., et al. (2014) · Health Services and Delivery Research · doi:10.3310/hsdr02530 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Bower, P., Gilbody, S., Richards, D., Fletcher, J., & Sutton, A. (2006) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.023655 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Coventry, P., Lovell, K., Dickens, C., Bower, P., Chew-Graham, C., McElvenny, D., Hann, M., Cherrington, A., Garrett, C., Gibbons, C. J., et al. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h638 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Peer support in adult mental health services: A metasynthesis of qualitative findings.
Walker, G., & Bryant, W. (2013) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/h0094744 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Lam, R. W., McIntosh, D., Wang, J., Enns, M. W., Kolivakis, T., Michalak, E. E., Sareen, J., Song, W.-Y., Kennedy, S. H., MacQueen, G. M., et al. (2016) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743716659416 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Behavioural activation for depression
Veale, D. (2008) · Advances in Psychiatric Treatment · doi:10.1192/apt.bp.107.004051 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Walker, J., Hansen, C. H., Martin, P., Symeonides, S., Gourley, C., Wall, L., Weller, D., Murray, G., & Sharpe, M. (2014) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70343-2 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Vermani, M., Marcus, M., & Katzman, M. A. (2011) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.10m01013 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Feasibility of an eHealth Service to Support Collaborative Depression Care: Results of a Pilot Study
Meglic, M., Furlan, M., Kuzmanic, M., Kozel, D., Baraga, D., Kuhar, I., Kosir, B., Iljaz, R., Novak Sarotar, B., Dernovsek, M. Z., et al. (2010) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1510 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Effectiveness of the Engagement and Counseling for Latinos (ECLA) intervention in low-income Latinos
Alegría, M., Ludman, E., Kafali, E. N., Lapatin, S., Vila, D., Shrout, P. E., Keefe, K., Cook, B., Ault, A., Li, X., et al. (2014) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000000232 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 20
- Baker, G.R., 2014. Evidence boost: a review of research highlighting how patient en- gagement contributes to improved care. Canadian Foundation for Healthcare Improvement.
- Bombard, Y., Baker, G.R., Orlando, E., Fancott, C., Bhatia, P., Casalino, S., Onate, K., Denis, J.L., Pomey, M.P., 2018. Engaging patients to improve quality of care: a sys- tematic review. Implement Sci. 13, 98.
- Doody, O., Butler, M.P., Lyons, R., Newman, D., 2017. Families' experiences of involve- ment in care planning in mental health services: an integrative literature review. J. Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 24, 412-430.
- Duhoux, A., Fournier, L., Menear, M., 2011. Quality indicators for depression treatment in primary care: a systematic literature review. Curr. Psychiatry Rev. 7, 104-137.
- Farooq, S., 2013. Collaborative care for depression: a literature review and a model for implementation in developing countries. Int. Health 5, 24-28.
- Grudniewicz, A., Kealy, R., Rodseth, R.N., Hamid, J., Rudoler, D., Straus, S.E., 2015. What is the effectiveness of printed educational materials on primary care physician knowledge, behaviour, and patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Implement Sci. 10, 164.
- Gunn, J., Diggens, J., Hegarty, K., Blashki, G., 2006. A systematic review of complex system interventions designed to increase recovery from depression in primary care. BMC Health Serv. Res. 6, 88.
- Haine-Schlagel, R., Walsh, N.E., 2015. A review of parent participation engagement in child and family mental health treatment. Clin. Child Fam. Psychol. Rev. 18, 133-150.
- Houle, J., Gascon-Depatie, M., Belanger-Dumontier, G., Cardinal, C., 2013. Depression self-management support: a systematic review. Patient Educ. Couns. 91, 271-279.
- Kwan, B.M., Nease Jr., D.E., 2013. The state of the evidence for integrated behavioral health in primary care. In: Talen, M.R., Burke Valderas, A. (Eds.), Integrated Behavioral Health in Primary Care: Evaluating the Evidence. Identifying the Essentials. Springer Science+Business Media, New York.
- Martinez-Vispo, C., Martinez, U., Lopez-Duran, A., Fernandez Del Rio, E., Becona, E., 2018. Effects of behavioural activation on substance use and depression: a systematic review. Subst. Abuse Treat Prev. Policy 13, 36.
- Menear, M., Gervais, M., Careau, E., Chouinard, M.C., Cloutier, G., Delorme, A., Dogba, M.J., Dugas, M., Gagnon, M.P., Gilbert, M., Harvey, D., Houle, J., Kates, N., Knowles, S., Martin, N., Nease Jr., D., Pluye, P., Samson, E., Zomahoun, H.T., Legare, F., 2016. Strategies and impacts of patient and family engagement in collaborative mental healthcare: protocol for a systematic and realist review. BMJ Open 6, e012949.
- O'Hagan, M., Cyr, C., McKee, H., Priest, R., 2010. Report to the Mental Health Commission of Canada Mental Haelth Peer Support Project Committee. Mental Health Commission of Canada, pp. 1-92 pp.
- Shippee, N.D., Domecq Garces, J.P., Prutsky Lopez, G.J., Wang, Z., Elraiyah, T.A., Nabhan, M., Brito, J.P., Boehmer, K., Hasan, R., Firwana, B., Erwin, P.J., Montori, V.M., Murad, M.H., 2013. Patient and service user engagement in research: a sys- tematic review and synthesized framework. Health Expect.
- Sighinolfi, C., Nespeca, C., Menchetti, M., Levantesi, P., Belvederi Murri, M., Berardi, D., 2014. Collaborative care for depression in European countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Psychosom. Res. 77, 247-263.
- The Health Foundation, 2011. Helping people help themselves: A review of the evidence considering whether it is wortwhile to support self-management, The Health Foundation, London.
- Thota, A.B., Sipe, T.A., Byard, G.J., Zometa, C.S., Hahn, R.A., McKnight-Eily, L.R., Chapman, D.P., Abraido-Lanza, A.F., Pearson, J.L., Anderson, C.W., Gelenberg, A.J., Hennessy, K.D., Duffy, F.F., Vernon-Smiley, M.E., Nease Jr., D.E., Williams, S.P., 2012. Collaborative care to improve the management of depressive disorders: a community guide systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Prev. Med. 42, 525-538.
- Tlach, L., Wusten, C., Daubmann, A., Liebherz, S., Harter, M., Dirmaier, J., 2015. Information and decision-making needs among people with mental disorders: a sys- tematic review of the literature. Health Expect 18, 1856-1872.
- van Dongen, J.J., van Bokhoven, M.A., Daniels, R., van der Weijden, T., Emonts, W.W., Beurskens, A., 2016b. Developing interprofessional care plans in chronic care: a scoping review. BMC Fam. Pract. 17, 137.
- VanBuskirk, K.A., Wetherell, J.L., 2014. Motivational interviewing with primary care populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Behav. Med. 37, 768-780.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The risks versus the benefits of pharmacological intervention in social anxiety disorder in children
Hofmann, S. G., Kasch, C., Pereira, B., Barbosa, C., & Andreoli, G. (2025) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2025.2461763 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Menear, M., Dugas, M., Careau, E., Chouinard, M.-C., Dogba, M. J., Gagnon, M.-P., Gervais, M., Gilbert, M., Houle, J., Kates, N., Knowles, S., Martin, N., Nease, D. E., Zomahoun, H. T. V., & Légaré, F.
- Affiliations
- Université Laval (CA)
- VITAM - Centre de recherche en santé durable (CA)
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (CA)
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CA)
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- McMaster University (CA)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Corresponding author
- Menear, Matthew
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-02
- Volume
- 263
- Pages
- 528-539
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2987069937
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- CIHR (201505KRS-350972-KRS-CFBA)
- INESSS
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- collaborative care, patient engagement, family involvement, depression, anxiety disorders, patient-centered care, shared decision-making, patient education, self-management support, care planning, peer support, family support
- MeSH terms
- Self-Management, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Humans, Referral and Consultation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
