Cited by 1,598Mental Health and Patient InvolvementCommunity Health and DevelopmentHealth Policy Implementation Science

Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review

Open access
Brett, Jo, Staniszewska, Sophie, Mockford, Carole, Herron‐Marx, Sandra, Hughes, John, Tysall, Colin, Suleman, Rashida·2014·Health Expectations

Abstract

Background: There is an increasing international interest in patient and public involvement ( PPI ) in research, yet relatively little robust evidence exists about its impact on health and social care research. Objective: To identify the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research. Design: A systematic search of electronic databases and health libraries was undertaken from 1995 to 2009. Data were extracted and quality assessed utilizing the guidelines of the NHS C entre for R eviews and D issemination 2009 and the C ritical A ppraisal S kills P rogramme ( CASP ). Grey literature was assessed using the D ixon‐ W oods et al . (2005) checklist. Inclusion criteria: All study types that reported the impact PPI had on the health and/or social care research study. Main results: A total of 66 studies reporting the impact of PPI on health and social care research were included. The positive impacts identified enhanced the quality and appropriateness of research. Impacts were reported for all stages of research, including the development of user‐focused research objectives, development of user‐relevant research questions, development of user‐friendly information, questionnaires and interview schedules, more appropriate recruitment strategies for studies, consumer‐focused interpretation of data and enhanced implementation and dissemination of study results. Some challenging impacts were also identified. Conclusion: This study provides the first international evidence of PPI impact that has emerged at all key stages of the research process. However, much of the evidence base concerning impact remains weak and needs significant enhancement in the next decade.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x

Cites

70 of 70 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The original GRIPP checklist's development drew on systematic review evidence, without broader input from the international PPI research community.

    “While the original GRIPP checklist represented an important starting point in creating high quality PPI reporting, its development drew on systematic review evidence, without broader input from the international PPI research community [2–4].”
  • The quality of reporting of patient and public involvement in research papers is often inconsistent and partial, with little information about context, process, and impact.

    “While the patient and public involvement (PPI) evidence base has expanded over the past decade, the quality of reporting within papers is often inconsistent, limiting our understanding of how it works, in what context, for whom, and why.”
  • Inadequate reporting of PPI creates problems for systematic reviews that attempt to synthesise PPI evidence.

    “Inadequate reporting can create problems for systematic reviews that attempt to synthesise PPI evidence [2–4].”
  • It is not possible to be prescriptive about the exact content of each GRIPP2 item because the current evidence base is not advanced enough.

    “While GRIPP2-LF and GRIPP2-SF aim to guide consistent reporting, it is not possible to be prescriptive about the exact content of each item, as the current evidence base is not advanced enough to make this possible [2–4, 21].”
  • The relatively small amount of empirical evidence on the impact of PPI in research has been criticised as poorly reported and methodologically weak, often failing to fully explore the contextual factors surrounding PPI as a complex intervention.

    “The relatively small amount of empirical evidence on the impact of PPI in research 29 has been criticised as poorly reported 21 and methodologically weak, often failing to fully explore the contextual factors surrounding PPI as a complex intervention.30”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 71 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Brett J, Staniszewska S, Mockford C, Seers K, Herron Marx S, Bayliss H. Systematic Review of the Conceptualization, Measurement, Impact and Outcomes of Patient and Public Involvement in Health and Social Care Research. London: UKCRC, 2010.
  2. Dixon-Woods M, Kirk D, Agarwal S et al. Vulnerable Groups and Access, to Health Care: A Critical Interpretative Review. London: National Co-ordinating Centre for NHS Service, 2005.
  3. Popay J, Roberts H, Sowden A et al. Developing guidance on conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2005; 59 (suppl 11): A7.
  4. John Wiley & Sons Ltd Health Expectations, 17, pp.637-650 Systematic review of the impact of patient and public involvement, J Brett et al. 647 13697625, 2014, 5, findings from a citizens' jury. Health Expectations, 2008; 11: 282-293. · DOI
  5. Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health. A Review of Service User Involvement in Prison Mental Health Research. London: Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health, 2008.
  6. Plumb M, Price W, Kavanaugh-Lynch M. Funding community-based participatory research: lessons learned. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 2004; 18: 428-439.
  7. Rose D. Telling different stories: user involvement in mental health research. Research and Policy Planning, 2004; 22: 23-30.
  8. John Wiley & Sons Ltd Health Expectations, 17, pp.637-650 Systematic review of the impact of patient and public involvement, J Brett et al. 649 13697625, 2014, 5, · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Brett, J., Staniszewska, S., Mockford, C., Herron‐Marx, S., Hughes, J., Tysall, C., & Suleman, R.
Affiliations
  • University of Warwick (GB)
  • Royal College of Nursing Research Institute, School of Health and Social Studies, University of Warwick Coventry UK
  • United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration (GB)
Corresponding author
Brett, Jo
Venue
Health Expectations
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-07-19
Volume
17
Issue
5
Pages
637-650
ISSN
  • 1369-6513 (ISSN-L)
  • 1369-7625
OpenAlex
W2049504028
Cited by
1,598
References
71
Citations by year
2026: 140 · 2025: 167 · 2024: 201 · 2023: 171 · 2022: 151 · 2021: 154 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 133 · 2018: 119 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 16
FWCI
3.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Health Expectations (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Open Research Online - ORO (The Open University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
  • United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration
  • University of Warwick
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Community Health and Development
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
Keywords
patient and public involvement, health research, social care research, research quality, research questions, research recruitment, research dissemination, implementation of research findings, research stages
MeSH terms
Health Services Research, Humans, Patient Participation, Social Welfare, Community-Based Participatory Research

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review