Disordered weight management behaviors, nonprescription steroid use, and weight perception in transgender youth
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Disordered weight management behaviors are prevalent among youth; recent case reports suggested that these behaviors might also be common in transgender youth. We studied associations of gender identity with disordered weight management behaviors, nonprescription steroid use, and weight perception among transgender and cisgender (nontransgender) high-school students in Massachusetts.Methods Data were analyzed from the 2013 Massachusetts Youth Health Survey, an anonymous survey in a random sample of Massachusetts public high schools. Respondents were divided into three groups: transgender (n = 67), cisgender male (n = 1,117), and cisgender female (n = 1,289). Fisher's exact tests and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine unhealthy weight management behaviors in the past 30 days: fasting >24 hours, vomiting, diet pill use, and laxative use; nonprescription steroid use; and self-perceived weight status. Analyses controlled for age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index.Results Compared with cisgender males, transgender adolescents had higher odds of fasting >24 hours (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.9, confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-7.8), using diet pills (AOR = 8.9, 95% CI = 2.3-35.2) and taking laxatives (AOR = 7.2, 95% CI = 1.4-38.4). Transgender youth had higher odds of lifetime use of steroids without a prescription than male cisgender respondents (AOR = 26.6, 95% CI = 3.5-200.1). Compared with cisgender females, transgender respondents had higher odds of perceiving themselves as healthy weight/underweight when they were overweight/obese (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.5-4.1).Conclusions Transgender youth disproportionately self-reported unsafe weight management behaviors and nonprescription steroid use compared with cisgender youth. Clinicians should be aware of this increased risk among transgender youth. Research is needed to further understand these disparities and to inform future interventions.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The majority of TGAs feel their biological body does not align with their felt sense of gender identity.
“The majority of TGAs feel their biological body does not align with their felt sense of gender identity (Guss et al., 2017; McClain & Peebles, 2016).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
Transmasculine adolescents may engage in muscle-building behaviors aimed at achieving the muscular male ideal.
“Transmasculine adolescents—those assigned female at birth and who currently identify with a male gender identity—may engage in muscle-building behaviors aimed at achieving the muscular male ideal (Guss et al., 2017; McGuire et al., 2016).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
In a representative sample of U.S. high school students, TGAs reported equal rates of diet pill and laxative abuse as cisgender females.
“In a representative sample of U.S. high school students, TGAs reported equal rates of diet pill and laxative abuse as cisgender females, long thought to be the most at-risk population for disordered eating (Guss et al., 2017).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
Extant literature provides support for TGAs being at increased risk for disordered eating.
“Extant literature provides support for TGAs being at increased risk for disordered eating.”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
Transfeminine adolescents may engage in restrictive behaviors to align with beauty standards for women.
“For example, transfeminine adolescents—those who were assigned male at birth and currently identify with a female gender identity—may engage in restrictive behaviors to align with beauty standards for women (Gordon et al., 2016; Guss et al., 2017; McGuire et al., 2016).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
It is often difficult to disentangle gender minority-specific from broader factors underlying TGAs' body dissatisfaction and disordered eating.
“A key overarching theme from this qualitative study is that it is often difficult to disentangle gender minority-specific from broader factors underlying TGAs’ body dissatisfaction and disordered eating (Gordon et al., 2016; Guss et al., 2017).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
The body dissatisfaction and disordered eating experienced as a result of dissonance between their physical bodies and their felt sense of gender is consistent with evidence of TGAs being a high-risk population.
“The body dissatisfaction and disordered eating experienced as a result of dissonance between their physical bodies and their felt sense of gender is consistent with evidence of TGAs being a high-risk population (Guss et al., 2017; Watson et al., 2017).”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Guss et al., 2017
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)
Leong, F. T. L. (2008) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412963978.n182 · Cited by 10,858 · see citing works
Barlow, S. E., & and the Expert Committee (2007) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2329c · Cited by 4,497 · see citing works
Coleman, E., Bockting, W. O., Botzer, M., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., Cuypere, G. D., Feldman, J., Fraser, L., Green, J., Knudson, G., Meyer, W. J., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532739.2011.700873 · Cited by 3,145 · see citing works
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2009
Eaton, D. K., Kann, L. K., Kinchen, S., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Hawkins, J., Harris, W. A., Lowry, R., McManus, T., Chyen, D., et al. (2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e661322010-001 · Cited by 1,753 · see citing works
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 2001
Grunbaum, J. A., Kann, L. K., Kinchen, S. A., Williams, B., Ross, J. G., Lowry, R., & Kolbe, L. J. (2002) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2002.tb07917.x · Cited by 1,412 · see citing works
Neumark-Sztainer, D., Wall, M., Guo, J., Story, M., Haines, J., & Eisenberg, M. (2006) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.01.003 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
Young Adult Psychological Outcome After Puberty Suppression and Gender Reassignment
de Vries, A. L. C., McGuire, J. K., Steensma, T. D., Wagenaar, E. C. F., DORELEIJERS, T. A. H., & Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-2958 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
Puberty Suppression in Adolescents With Gender Identity Disorder: A Prospective Follow-Up Study
de Vries, A. L. C., Steensma, T. D., DORELEIJERS, T. A. H., & Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T. (2010) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01943.x · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Body dissatisfaction from adolescence to young adulthood: Findings from a 10-year longitudinal study
Bucchianeri, M. M., Arikian, A. J., Hannan, P. J., Eisenberg, M. E., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2013) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.09.001 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Medical complications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia
Westmoreland, P., Krantz, M. J., & Mehler, P. S. (2016) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.06.031 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Diemer, E. W., Grant, J. D., Munn-Chernoff, M. A., Patterson, D. A., & Duncan, A. E. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.003 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Rohde, P., Stice, E., & Marti, C. N. (2015) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22270 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: State of the Art Review
Campbell, K., & Peebles, R. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-0194 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Rotondi, N. K., Bauer, G. R., Scanlon, K., Kaay, M., Travers, R., & Travers, A. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2013.301348 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Body image in transgender young people: Findings from a qualitative, community based study
McGuire, J. K., Doty, J. L., Catalpa, J. M., & Ola, C. (2016) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.06.004 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Body Satisfaction and Physical Appearance in Gender Dysphoria
van de Grift, T. C., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., Steensma, T. D., Cuypere, G. D., Richter‐Appelt, H., Haraldsen, I., Dikmans, R. E. G., Cerwenka, S. C., & Kreukels, B. P. C. (2015) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0614-1 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Disordered Eating and Gender Identity Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Ålgars, M., Alanko, K., Santtila, P. O., & Sandnabba, N. K. (2012) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2012.668482 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Edwards-Leeper, L. A., & Spack, N. P. (2012) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.653302 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Witcomb, G. L., Bouman, W. P., Brewin, N., Richards, C., Fernández‐Aranda, F., & Arcelus, J. (2015) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2362 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Approach to the Patient: Transgender Youth: Endocrine Considerations
Rosenthal, S. M. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1919 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Reiner, W. G., & Reiner, D. T. (2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315873060-9 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Hadland, S. E., Austin, S. B., Goodenow, C. S., & Calzo, J. P. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.08.021 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationMepham, N., Bouman, W. P., Arcelus, J., Hayter, M., & Wylie, K. R. (2014) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/jsm.12691 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Gender identity disorder and eating disorders
Hepp, U., & Milos, G. F. (2002) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.10090 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Chung, A. E., Perrin, E. M., & Skinner, A. C. (2013) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2013.04.011 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
High prevalence of abnormal eating and weight control practices among U.S. high-school students
Forman‐Hoffman, V. L. (2004) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.04.003 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Strandjord, S. E., Ng, H., & Rome, E. S. (2015) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22438 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
A network analysis of body satisfaction of people with gender dysphoria
van de Grift, T. C., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., Elaut, E., Cuypere, G. D., Richter‐Appelt, H., Haraldsen, I., & Kreukels, B. P. C. (2016) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.002 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Treatment of anorexia nervosa in the context of transsexuality: A case report
Ewan, L. A., Middleman, A. B., & Feldmann, J. (2013) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22209 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Anorexia nervosa and gender dysphoria in two adolescents
Couturier, J., Pindiprolu, B., Findlay, S., & Johnson, N. (2015) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22368 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Androgenic-anabolic steroids and body dysmorphia in young men
Wroblewska, A.-M. (1997) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(96)00302-9 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Gonsalves, D., Hawk, H., & Goodenow, C. S. (2013) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-013-1424-5 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Diverging Eating Psychopathology in Transgendered Eating Disorder Patients: A Report of Two Cases
Murray, S. B., Boon, E. S. K., & Touyz, S. W. (2012) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2013.741989 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Oellingrath, I. M., Hestetun, I., & Svendsen, M. V. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980015001007 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Sherry, B. (2007) · Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1154 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Leone, J. E., & Fetro, J. V. (2007) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/r-18665.1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 37 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The enigma of male eating disorders: A critical review and synthesis
Murray, S. B., Nagata, J. M., Griffiths, S., Calzo, J. P., Brown, T. A., Mitchison, D., Blashill, A. J., & Mond, J. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.001 · Cited by 715 · see citing works
Streed, C. G., Beach, L. B., Caceres, B. A., Dowshen, N., Moreau, K. L., Mukherjee, M., Poteat, T., Radix, A. E., Reisner, S. L., & Singh, V. (2021) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001003 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Self-citationEating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature
Parker, L. L., & Harriger, J. A. (2020) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-020-00327-y · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Safe Schools? Transgender Youth’s School Experiences and Perceptions of School Climate
Day, J. K., Perez‐Brumer, A., & Russell, S. T. (2018) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-018-0866-x · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Mental health of transgender and gender diverse youth
Wittlin, N. M., Kuper, L. E., & Olson, K. R. (2023) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072220-020326 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Gender-affirming hormones and surgery in transgender children and adolescents
Mahfouda, S., Moore, J. K., Siafarikas, A., Hewitt, T., Ganti, U., Lin, A. P., & Zepf, F. D. (2018) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30305-x · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Eating disorder diagnoses and symptom presentation in transgender youth: A scoping review
Coelho, J. S., Suen, J., Clark, D. B. A., Marshall, S. K., Geller, J., & Lam, P.-Y. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1097-x · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Safer, J. D., & Tangpricha, V. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1903650 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Care of the Transgender Patient
Safer, J. D., & Tangpricha, V. (2019) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/aitc201907020 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Telfer, M. M., Tollit, M. A., Pace, C. C., & Pang, K. C. (2018) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja17.01044 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Diemer, E. W., Hughto, J. M. W., Gordon, A. R., Guss, C. E., Austin, S. B., & Reisner, S. L. (2018) · Transgender Health · doi:10.1089/trgh.2017.0043 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationDiet and Physical Activity Behaviors Among Adolescent Transgender Students: School Survey Results
Bishop, A. E., Overcash, F. M., McGuire, J. K., & Reicks, M. M. (2020) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.10.026 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Eating Disorder Screening in Transgender Youth
Avila, J. T., Golden, N. H., & Aye, T. (2019) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.06.011 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Romito, M., Salk, R. H., Roberts, S. R., Thoma, B. C., Levine, M. D., & Choukas-Bradley, S. (2021) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.01.008 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Sagoe, D., & Pallesen, S. (2018) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000403 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Zucker, K. J. (2018) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532739.2018.1468293 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Harvey, O., Keen, S., Parrish, M., & van Teijlingen, E. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7288-x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Simone, M., Askew, A. J., Lust, K. A., Eisenberg, M. E., & Pisetsky, E. M. (2020) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23226 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Disparities in disordered eating between gender minority and cisgender adolescents
Roberts, S. R., Salk, R. H., Thoma, B. C., Romito, M., Levine, M. D., & Choukas‐Bradley, S. (2021) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23494 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Predictors of eating-related psychopathology in transgender and gender nonbinary individuals
Uniacke, B., Glasofer, D. R., Devlin, M. J., Bockting, W. O., & Attia, E. (2021) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101527 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Linsenmeyer, W. R., Katz, I. M., Reed, J. L., Giedinghagen, A. M., Lewis, C. B., & Garwood, S. K. (2021) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2020.0308 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Research gaps in medical treatment of transgender/nonbinary people
Safer, J. D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci142029 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Donaldson, A. A., Hall, A., Neukirch, J., Kasper, V. L., Simones, S., Gagnon, S., Reich, S., & Forcier, M. M. (2018) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22868 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Salk, R. H., Thoma, B. C., & Choukas‐Bradley, S. (2020) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-020-01695-x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Variability in eating disorder risk and diagnosis in transgender and gender diverse college students
Simone, M., Hazzard, V. M., Askew, A. J., Tebbe, E. A., Lipson, S. K., & Pisetsky, E. M. (2022) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.04.007 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Martinson, T., Ramachandran, S., Lindner, R., Reisman, T., & Safer, J. D. (2019) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep-2019-0345 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Asynchronous Online Focus Groups for Health Research: Case Study and Lessons Learned
Gordon, A. R., Calzo, J. P., Eiduson, R., Sharp, K. J., Silverstein, S., Lopez, E., Thomson, K. A., & Reisner, S. L. (2021) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/1609406921990489 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationAdolescent body image: influencing factors and the clinician's role
Hartman-Munick, S. M., Gordon, A. R., & Guss, C. E. (2020) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0000000000000910 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationKyinn, M., Banks, K., Leemaqz, S., Sarkodie, E., Goldstein, D. A., & Irwig, M. S. (2021) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00935-x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Traumatic Stress and Resilience Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth
Ramos, N., & Marr, M. C. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2023.04.001 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ganson, K. T., Cuccolo, K., Hallward, L., & Nagata, J. M. (2022) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101681 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Muscle dysmorphia: what about transgender people?
Amodeo, A. L., Esposito, C., Antuoni, S., Saracco, G., & Bacchini, D. (2020) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691058.2020.1814968 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Behavioral Health Diagnoses in Youth with Gender Dysphoria Compared with Controls: A PEDSnet Study
Nunes-Moreno, M., Buchanan, C., Cole, F. S., Davis, S., Dempsey, A. F., Dowshen, N., Furniss, A., Kazak, A. E., Kerlek, A. J., Margolis, P. A., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.032 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Eating Disorders Among Transgender and Gender Non-binary People
Gordon, A. R., Moore, L., & Guss, C. E. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67127-3_18 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationNagata, J. M., McGuire, F. H., Lavender, J. M., Brown, T. A., Murray, S. B., Greene, R. E., Compte, E. J., Flentje, A., Lubensky, M. E., Obedin‐Maliver, J., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23708 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
James, H. A., Chang, A. Y., Imhof, R. L., Sahoo, A., Montenegro, M. M., Imhof, N., González, C. A., Lteif, A. N., Nippoldt, T. B., & Davidge-Pitts, C. J. (2020) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-020-00332-5 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Gender-Affirming Mastectomy in Transmasculine Patients
Rothenberg, K. A., Gologorsky, R. C., Hojilla, J. C., Tang, A., Cohan, C. M., Beattie, G., & Yokoo, K. M. (2021) · Annals of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1097/sap.0000000000002712 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Roberts, S. R., Maheux, A. J., Watson, R. J., Puhl, R. M., & Choukas‐Bradley, S. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23727 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Lawrence, S. E., Watson, R. J., Eadeh, H., Brown, C., Puhl, R. M., & Eisenberg, M. E. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24092 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
McGregor, K., McKenna, J. L., Barrera, E. P., Williams, C. R., Hartman-Munick, S. M., & Guss, C. E. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-023-00793-0 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationCuccolo, N. G., Kang, C. O., Boskey, E. R., Ibrahim, A. M. S., Blankensteijn, L. L., Taghinia, A. H., Lee, B. T., Lin, S. J., & Ganor, O. (2019) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open · doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002461 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Campbell, L. A., Viswanadhan, K., Lois, B. H., & Dundas, M. (2023) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.07.027 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Prevalence of diagnosed eating disorders in US transgender adults and youth in insurance claims
Ferrucci, K. A., Lapane, K. L., & Jesdale, B. M. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23729 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Zickgraf, H. F., Garwood, S. K., Lewis, C. B., Giedinghagen, A. M., Reed, J. L., & Linsenmeyer, W. R. (2021) · Transgender Health · doi:10.1089/trgh.2021.0021 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
A first investigation into gender minority adolescents’ sexting experiences
Van Ouytsel, J., Walrave, M., De Marez, L., Vanhaelewyn, B., & Ponnet, K. (2020) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.09.007 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Isacco, L., & Miles-Chan, J. L. (2018) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12779 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
An exploration of apparel and well-being among transmasculine young adults
Teti, M., Morris, K. D., Bauerband, L. A., Rolbiecki, A., & Young, C. (2019) · Journal of LGBT Youth · doi:10.1080/19361653.2019.1611519 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Overweight and obesity in sexual and gender minority adolescents: A systematic review
Grammer, A. C., Byrne, M. E., Pearlman, A. T., Klein, D. A., & Schvey, N. A. (2019) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12906 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Murray, S. B. (2016) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.004 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Nagata, J. M., Compte, E. J., McGuire, F. H., Brown, T. A., Lavender, J. M., Murray, S. B., Capriotti, M. R., Flentje, A., Lubensky, M. E., Lunn, M. R., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23978 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Scientific Misinformation and Gender Affirming Care: Tools for Providers on the Front Lines
McNamara, M., Lepore, C., Alstott, A. L., Kamody, R. C., Kuper, L. E., Szilagyi, N., Boulware, S. D., & Olezeski, C. L. (2022) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.06.008 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Care of the Transgender Athlete
Dubon, M. E., Abbott, K. E., & Carl, R. L. (2018) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000545 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Pham, A., Kerman, H. M., Albertson, K. M., Crouch, J. M., Inwards-Breland, D. J., & Ahrens, K. R. (2022) · Transgender Health · doi:10.1089/trgh.2021.0112 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A Longitudinal Study on Disordered Eating in Transgender and Nonbinary Adolescents
Pham, A., Eadeh, H., Garrison, M. M., & Ahrens, K. R. (2022) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2022.12.013 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Goetz, T. G., & Wolk, C. B. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24055 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Gordon, A. R., Beccia, A. L., Egan, N., & Lipson, S. K. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24089 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Using body neutrality to inform eating disorder management in a gender diverse world
Perry, M. F., Watson, L., Hayden, L., & Inwards-Breland, D. J. (2019) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30237-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A Case Series on Disordered Eating Among Transgender Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Pham, A., Kasenic, A., Hayden, L., Inwards-Breland, D. J., Sumerwell, C., Twible, H., Ahrens, K. R., & Orlich, F. (2021) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.12.143 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Gomes, S. M., Jacob, M. C., Rocha, C., Medeiros, M. F., Lyra, C. D. O., & Noro, L. R. (2021) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980021001671 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Goetz, T. G., & Arcomano, A. C. (2023) · Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19359705.2023.2237841 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A Descriptive Study of Transgender Active Duty Service Members in the U.S. Military
Schvey, N. A., Klein, D. A., Pearlman, A. T., & Riggs, D. S. (2020) · Transgender Health · doi:10.1089/trgh.2019.0044 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Weight Status, Medication Use, and Recreational Activities of Treatment-Naïve Transgender Youth
Fornander, M. J., Roberts, T. A., Egan, A. M., & Moser, C. N. (2021) · Childhood Obesity · doi:10.1089/chi.2021.0155 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Social and contextual influences on eating pathology in transgender and nonbinary adults
Urban, B., Knutson, D., Klooster, D., & Soper, J. (2022) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2022.2135715 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Correlates of Weight‐Loss Methods Among Young Adults in Canada
Raffoul, A., & Hammond, D. G. (2018) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22218 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Kim, J., & Seo, Y. (2020) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.019 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A scoping review of research literature on eating and body image for transgender and nonbinary youth
Heiden‐Rootes, K. M., Linsenmeyer, W. R., Levine, S., Oliveras, M., & Joseph, M. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-023-00853-5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kerr, J. A., Paine, J., Thrower, E., Hoq, M., Mollica, C. M., Sawyer, S. M., Azzopardi, P. S., & Pang, K. C. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.396 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Orthopaedic Care of the Transgender Patient
Ramsey, D. C., Lawson, M. M., Stuart, A., Sodders, E., & Working, Z. M. (2020) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.20.00628 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Inmune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases in transgender people: A scoping review
Salgado, E., Baurés, M. R., Beltrán, E., Naredo, E., Carreira, P. E., García-Vivar, M. L., Moreno-Muelas, J. V., Boteanu, A. L., Penadés, I. C., Sellas, A., et al. (2021) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.10.004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lessard, L. M., Wang, E. Y., & Watson, R. J. (2021) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.13069 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Knaus, S., Steininger, J., Klinger, D., & Riedl, S. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.03.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Management of Menstruation in Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Adolescents
Berrahou, I. K., Grimes, A., Autry, A. M., & Hawkins, M. (2022) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000710 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Beaty, L., Trees, N. M., & Mehler, P. S. (2017) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22707 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Disordered Eating Among Trans-Masculine Youth: Considerations Through a Developmental Lens
Kamody, R. C., Yonkers, K. A., Pluhar, E., & Olezeski, C. L. (2020) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2019.0354 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Gender-Affirming Nutrition: An Overview of Eating Disorders in the Transgender Population
Yeşildemir, Ö., & Akbulut, G. (2023) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-023-00504-w · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Restricting the Gendered Body: Understanding the Trans-masculine Adolescent with Anorexia
Protos, K. (2020) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-020-00758-9 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Primary Care Considerations for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth
Rafferty, J. R., Donaldson, A. A., & Forcier, M. M. (2020) · Pediatrics in Review · doi:10.1542/pir.2018-0194 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Gender identity, race/ethnicity and eating pathology in a treatment-seeking community sample
Gorrell, S., Grange, D. L., Blalock, D. V., Mehler, P. S., Johnson, C., Manwaring, J. L., Duffy, A., Huston, E. M., McClanahan, S. F., & Rienecke, R. D. (2021) · Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2020.11.006 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mental Health Disparities in Sexual Minority and Transgender Women
Matouk, K. M., Schulman, J. K., & Case, J. A. C. (2023) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2023.04.012 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Linsenmeyer, W. R., Stiles, D., Garwood, S. K., Giedinghagen, A. M., Lewis, C. A., & Strand, G. (2023) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/00099228231200754 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Masculinity and Muscle Dysmorphia in Mixed Gender Canadian Youth
Ganson, K. T., Pang, N., Rodgers, R. F., Testa, A. M., Murray, S. B., & Nagata, J. M. (2024) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-024-01469-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Rasmussen, S., Clausen, L., Pop, M. L., Højgaard, A. D., Kjeldsen, M. K., & Telléus, G. K. (2025) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-025-01212-2 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Global Prevalence of Adolescent Use of Nonprescription Weight-Loss Products
Hall, N. Y., Pathirannahalage, D. M. H., Mihalopoulos, C., Austin, S. B., & Le, L. K. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50940 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationPalmer, B. F., & Clegg, D. J. (2020) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.01.031 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Bone Density in Transgender Youth on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy
Roy, M. K., Bothwell, S., Kelsey, M. M., Ma, N. S., Moreau, K. L., Nadeau, K. J., Rothman, M. S., & Nokoff, N. (2024) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvae045 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Abernathey, L., Kahn, N. F., Sequeira, G. M., Richardson, L. P., & Ahrens, K. R. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.06.022 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Paceley, M. S., Watson, R. J., Fish, J. N., Jarrard, C., Winter, V. R., Kattari, S. K., & Walter, S. (2023) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1177/10443894231194800 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Line, E. C., Zubizarreta, D., Budge, S. L., Watson, R. J., Gordon, A. R., Austin, S. B., & Katz‐Wise, S. L. (2025) · International Journal of Transgender Health · doi:10.1080/26895269.2025.2452185 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationVauhkonen, P. K., Laajala, T. D., Lindroos, K. M., & Mäyränpää, M. I. (2023) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-023-02399-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Gordon, A. R., Roberts, S. R., Silverstein, S., Rose, K. L., Lopez, E., & Calzo, J. P. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.101667 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Guss, C. E., Eiduson, R., Vajapeyam, S., Ecklund, K., Mulkern, R. V., Dahlberg, S. E., & Gordon, C. M. (2022) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2022.116454 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationWeight/Shape concerns in youth with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
Jhe, G., Chad‐Friedman, E., Eldredge, O., Milliren, C. E., Lin, J., Carmody, J. K., Freizinger, M., Gearhart, M. G., Bern, E. M., & Richmond, T. K. (2024) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2024.2404788 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Body Image, Disordered Eating, and Eating Disorders in Gender Diverse Youth
Allam, A., Seidman, S. B., & Uniacke, B. (2025) · Current Pediatrics Reports · doi:10.1007/s40124-025-00341-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ganson, K. T., Testa, A. M., Piatkowski, T. M., & Nagata, J. M. (2025) · Performance Enhancement & Health · doi:10.1016/j.peh.2025.100357 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Rodgers, R. F., Laveway, K., Lilley, M., Mifsud, M., & Doley, J. R. (2025) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102022 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Adolescent and emerging adult perceptions of eating disorder severity and stigma
Rose, K. L., Negrete, C. E., Sellinger, G., Chang, T., & Sonneville, K. R. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23772 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, Body Image, Eating, and Weight
Cuzzolaro, M., & Milano, W. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90817-5_19 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Doley, J. R., Mifsud, M., Marmara, J., Laveway, K., & Rodgers, R. F. (2026) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102021 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Eisenstadt, B. E., Murchison, G. R., Soulliard, Z. A., & Gordon, A. R. (2023) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2022.0324 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Child Health Needs and the Adolescent Medicine Workforce Supply: 2020–2040
Fields, E. L., Louis-Jacques, J., Kas‐Osoka, O., Holland-Hall, C. M., Richardson, L. P., Ott, M. A., Leslie, L. K., & Pitts, S. (2024) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2023-063678d · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Guss, C. E., Williams, D. N., Reisner, S. L., Austin, S. B., & Katz-Wise, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Guss, Carly E.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-22
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8091135
- OpenAlex
- W2540941017
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 13.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Institutes of Health (R01 HD 066963, K99HD082340, R01 HD057368)
- Maternal and Child Health Bureau (T76-MC00001)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- transgender youth, weight perception, gender identity, fasting, vomiting, laxative use, weight loss pills, eating disorders, adolescent obesity
- MeSH terms
- Drug Misuse, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Body Image, Fasting, Female, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Obesity, Risk-Taking, Vomiting, Testosterone Congeners, Laxatives, Transgender Persons
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
