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Cited by 409Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchCancer-related cognitive impairment studiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Anxiety as a Predictor for Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gulpers, Bernice, Ramakers, Inez, Hamel, Renske, Köhler, Sebastian, Oude Voshaar, Richard, Verhey, Frans·2016·The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.05.015
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Abstract

Background Because anxiety is postulated as a risk factor for dementia, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether anxiety predicts cognitive decline and/or dementia, taking the stage of cognitive decline as well as setting into account.Methods A systematic literature search up to January 2015 was performed to identify all longitudinal studies on the association between anxiety and cognition. Data extraction and methodological quality assessment were conducted independently by two authors. Where possible, pooled relative risks were calculated to examine anxiety as a possible risk factor for cognitive decline cognitive impairment and dementia in community studies (objective 1), as well as for conversion to dementia patients referred to memory clinics (objective 2).Results Twenty studies met inclusion criteria. Data on cognitive decline were too heterogeneous for meta-analysis. Anxiety predicted incident cognitive impairment (4 studies, relative risk [RR]: 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38-2.26, z = 4.50, p < 0.001) and dementia (6 studies, RR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.02-2.42, z = 2.05, p = 0.040) in the community, the latter driven by studies with a mean age of 80 years or above. Among clinical mild cognitive impairment samples, anxiety did not predict conversion to dementia (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.90-1.63, z = 1.28, p = 0.200).Conclusions Anxiety is associated with an increased risk for cognitive impairment and dementia in the community. Stronger associations were driven by higher age, suggesting that it is a prodromal symptom. Causal biological pathways have also been described, which could explain the risk for incident cognitive impairment in the community. Future studies should include mediating mechanism when studying anxiety as a predictor for cognitive decline and/or dementia.

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Metadata

Authors
Gulpers, B., Ramakers, I., Hamel, R., Köhler, S., Oude Voshaar, R., & Verhey, F.
Affiliations
Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
Corresponding author
Gulpers, Bernice
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-10
Volume
24
Issue
10
Pages
823-842
ISSN
1064-7481 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jagp.2016.05.015
OpenAlex
W2460803101
Cited by
409
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 1
FWCI
2.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
anxiety, cognitive decline, dementia, cognitive impairment, dementia risk factors, mild cognitive impairment, conversion to dementia, prodromal symptoms, older adults, community-dwelling older adults
MeSH terms
Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Dementia, Humans, Risk Factors, Cognitive Dysfunction

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