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Cited by 413Bauxite Residue and UtilizationWaste Management and Environmental ImpactRecycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production

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Alkaline residues and the environment: a review of impacts, management practices and opportunities.

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Gomes, Helena I., Mayes, William M., Rogerson, Mike, Stewart, Douglas I., Burke, Ian T.·2016·Journal of Cleaner Production
DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.111
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Abstract

Around two billion tonnes of alkaline residues are produced globally each year by industries such as steel production, alumina refining and coal-fired power generation, with a total production estimate of 90 billion tonnes since industrialisation. These wastes are frequently stored in waste piles or landfills, and can be an environmental hazard if allowed to generate dust, or if rainwater infiltrates the waste. This review will focus on the environmental impacts associated with alkaline residues, with emphasis on the leachates produced by rainwater ingress. Many alkaline industrial wastes can produce leachates that are enriched with trace metals that form oxyanions (e.g. As, Cr, Mo, Se, V), which can be very mobile in alkaline water. The management options for the residues and their leachates are also discussed, distinguishing active and passive treatment options. Potential reuses of these materials, in construction materials, as agricultural amendments, and in environmental applications are identified. The mechanisms of carbon sequestration by alkaline residues are assessed, and the potential for enhancing its rate as a climate change off-setting measure for the industry is evaluated. The potential for recovery of metals critical to e-technologies, such as vanadium, cobalt, lithium and rare earths, from alkaline residues is considered. Finally research needs are identified, including the need to better understand the biogeochemistry of highly alkaline systems in order to develop predictable passive remediation and metal recovery technologies.

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Metadata

Authors
Gomes, H. I., Mayes, W. M., Rogerson, M., Stewart, D. I., & Burke, I. T.
Affiliations
  • University of Hull (GB)
  • University of Leeds (GB)
Corresponding author
Gomes, Helena I.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Cleaner Production
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-01
Volume
112
Pages
3571-3582
ISSN
0959-6526 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.111
OpenAlex
W2167622655
Cited by
413
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 51 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 12
FWCI
18.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Cleaner Production (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/L014211/1, NE/K015648/1, NE/L01405X/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Bauxite Residue and Utilization
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Waste Management and Environmental Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
Keywords
leachate, steel slag, coal ash, passive remediation, carbon sequestration, metal recovery, vanadium, rare earth elements, critical metals, waste reuse

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Alkaline residues and the environment: a review of impacts, management practices and opportunities. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.111
The paper
Gomes, H. I., Mayes, W. M., Rogerson, M., Stewart, D. I., & Burke, I. T. (2016). Alkaline residues and the environment: a review of impacts, management practices and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.111