Cited by 1,819Meta-analysis and systematic reviewsStatistical Methods in EpidemiologyPharmaceutical industry and healthcare

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence—publication bias

Guyatt, Gordon H., Oxman, Andrew D., Montori, Victor, Vist, Gunn, Kunz, Regina, Brozek, Jan, Alonso-Coello, Pablo, Djulbegovic, Ben, Atkins, David, Falck-Ytter, Yngve, Williams, John W., Meerpohl, Joerg, Norris, Susan L., Akl, Elie A., Schünemann, Holger J.·2011·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011

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Abstract

In the GRADE approach, randomized trials start as high-quality evidence and observational studies as low-quality evidence, but both can be rated down if a body of evidence is associated with a high risk of publication bias. Even when individual studies included in best-evidence summaries have a low risk of bias, publication bias can result in substantial overestimates of effect. Authors should suspect publication bias when available evidence comes from a number of small studies, most of which have been commercially funded. A number of approaches based on examination of the pattern of data are available to help assess publication bias. The most popular of these is the funnel plot; all, however, have substantial limitations. Publication bias is likely frequent, and caution in the face of early results, particularly with small sample size and number of events, is warranted.

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Authors: Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Montori, V., Vist, G., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Alonso-Coello, P., Djulbegovic, B., Atkins, D., Falck-Ytter, Y., Williams, J. W., Meerpohl, J., Norris, S. L., Akl, E. A., & Schünemann, H. J.
Affiliations: McMaster University (CA)
Nasjonalt Kunnskapssenter for Helsetjenesten (NO)
University Hospital of Basel (CH)
VA Office of Research and Development (US)
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Duke Medical Center (US)
University Medical Center Freiburg (DE)
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
ORCID: Guyatt, Gordon H.
Oxman, Andrew D.
Vist, Gunn
Kunz, Regina
Atkins, David
Falck-Ytter, Yngve
Williams, John W.
Meerpohl, Joerg
Norris, Susan L.
Akl, Elie A.
Schünemann, Holger J.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-12
Volume: 64
Issue: 12
Pages: 1277-1282
ISSN: 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011
OpenAlex: W2109346853
Cited by: 1,819
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 75 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 153 · 2023: 144 · 2022: 172 · 2021: 180 · 2020: 196 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 122 · 2017: 123 · 2016: 109 · 2015: 109 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 57.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
Keywords: publication bias, GRADE, quality of evidence, funnel plot, small-study effects, commercial funding, risk of bias
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Industry, Review Literature as Topic, Statistics as Topic, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Publication Bias, Evidence-Based Medicine

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GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence—publication bias

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