Antioxidants cinnamaldehyde and Galactomyces fermentation filtrate downregulate senescence marker CDKN2A/p16INK4A via NRF2 activation in keratinocytes
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GFF is capable of inhibiting the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A or p16INK4A), which is a critical biomarker for facial senescence in epidermal keratinocytes.
“Moreover, GFF is capable of inhibiting the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A or p16INK4A), which is a critical biomarker for facial senescence in epidermal keratinocytes [6,23].”
GFF works as a potent antioxidative agonist for aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
“SK-II Pitera™ contains Galactomyces ferment filtrate (GFF), which works as a potent antioxidative agonist for aryl hydrocarbon receptor [5,6].”
GFF activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).
“Recent studies have demonstrated that GFF activates an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
GFF operates as a potent antioxidative AHR agonist.
“it has been demonstrated to operate as a potent antioxidative AHR agonist [10,55,56].”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
GFF induces nuclear translocation of NRF2 in keratinocytes.
“In addition to its AHR-stimulating properties, GFF induces nuclear translocation of NRF2 in the cytoplasm (Figure 3) and upregulates the expression of GPX2, NQO1, and HMOX1 [10,56,74,76,77].”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
GFF upregulates the expression of GPX2, NQO1, and HMOX1.
“In addition to its AHR-stimulating properties, GFF induces nuclear translocation of NRF2 in the cytoplasm (Figure 3) and upregulates the expression of GPX2, NQO1, and HMOX1 [10,56,74,76,77].”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
GFF upregulates the expression of the antioxidative enzyme GPX2 in keratinocytes, and this upregulation is abrogated by NRF2 knockdown.
“GFF upregulates the expression of the antioxidative enzyme GPX2 in keratinocytes, which is abrogated by NRF2 knockdown [56].”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
The GFF-induced downregulation of CDKN2A is NRF2-dependent.
“Notably, the GFF-induced downregulation of CDKN2A is also NRF2-dependent.”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
GFF significantly decreases CDKN2A expression in keratinocytes.
“In contrast, GFF significantly decreases CDKN2A expression in keratinocytes [56].”
From Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
Cites
Takei, K., Mitoma, C., Hashimoto‐Hachiya, A., Takahara, M., Tsuji, G., Nakahara, T., & Furue, M. (2015) · Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/ced.12635 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
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Furue, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21155382 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Self-citationGalactomyces Ferment Filtrate Potentiates an Anti-Inflammaging System in Keratinocytes
Yan, X., Tsuji, G., Hashimoto-Hachiya, A., & Furue, M. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11216338 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationMiyamoto, K., Inoue, Y., Yan, X., Yagi, S., Suda, S., & Furue, M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12031168 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Hashimoto-Hachiya, A., Tsuji, G., & Furue, M.
- Affiliations
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Furue, Masutaka
- Venue
- Journal of Dermatological Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-56
- ISSN
- 0923-1811 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2972900363
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 2.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Dermatological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- The Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan
- The Leading Advanced Projects for Medical Innovation in Japan
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- cinnamaldehyde, cellular senescence, Nrf2 activation, keratinocytes, oxidative stress, antioxidants, cell cycle arrest
- MeSH terms
- Acrolein, Antioxidants, Cell Line, Saccharomycetales, Fermentation, Humans, Down-Regulation, Keratinocytes, Up-Regulation, Cellular Senescence, Reactive Oxygen Species, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16, NF-E2-Related Factor 2
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