Intra-islet glucagon-like peptide 1
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is originally identified in the gut as an incretin hormone, and it is potent in stimulating insulin secretion in the pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that GLP-1 is also produced locally within pancreatic islets. This review focuses on the past and current discoveries regarding intra-islet GLP-1 production and its functions.Main findings There has been a long-standing debate with regard to whether GLP-1 is produced in the pancreatic α cells. Early controversies lead to the widely accepted conclusion that the vast majority of proglucagon is processed to form glucagon in the pancreas, whereas an insignificant amount is cleaved to produce GLP-1. With technological advancements, recent studies have shown that bioactive GLP-1 is produced locally in the pancreas, and the expression and secretion of GLP-1 within islets are regulated by various factors such as cytokines, hyperglycemia, and β cell injury.Conclusions GLP-1 is produced by the pancreatic α cells, and it is fully functional as an incretin. Therefore, intra-islet GLP-1 may exert insulinotropic and glucagonostatic effects locally via paracrine and/or autocrine actions, under both normal and diabetic conditions.
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Pancreatic alpha cells may also secrete GLP-1.
“Some studies showed that pancreatic alpha cells may also secrete GLP-1 [13].”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Fava, G. E., Dong, E. W., & Wu, H.
- Affiliations
- Tulane University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Hongju
- ORCID
- Wu, Hongju
- Venue
- Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1651-1658
- ISSN
- 0891-6632 (ISSN-L)
- 1056-8727
- PMC
- PMC5050074
- OpenAlex
- W2403197434
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK081463)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, alpha cells, proglucagon processing, incretins, insulin secretion, glucagon, beta-cell injury, hyperglycemia, cytokines, paracrine signaling, autocrine signaling
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Glucagon, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Glucagon-Secreting Cells, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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