Cited by 45Pancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and ManagementNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

Intra-islet glucagon-like peptide 1

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Fava, Genevieve E., Dong, Emily W., Wu, Hongju·2016·Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

Abstract

Purpose Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is originally identified in the gut as an incretin hormone, and it is potent in stimulating insulin secretion in the pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that GLP-1 is also produced locally within pancreatic islets. This review focuses on the past and current discoveries regarding intra-islet GLP-1 production and its functions.Main findings There has been a long-standing debate with regard to whether GLP-1 is produced in the pancreatic α cells. Early controversies lead to the widely accepted conclusion that the vast majority of proglucagon is processed to form glucagon in the pancreas, whereas an insignificant amount is cleaved to produce GLP-1. With technological advancements, recent studies have shown that bioactive GLP-1 is produced locally in the pancreas, and the expression and secretion of GLP-1 within islets are regulated by various factors such as cytokines, hyperglycemia, and β cell injury.Conclusions GLP-1 is produced by the pancreatic α cells, and it is fully functional as an incretin. Therefore, intra-islet GLP-1 may exert insulinotropic and glucagonostatic effects locally via paracrine and/or autocrine actions, under both normal and diabetic conditions.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.05.016

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  1. Rouille Y Westermark G Martin SK Steiner DF 1994b Proglucagon is processed to glucagon by prohormone convertase PC2 in alpha TC1-6 cells Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 3242 3246 8159732 PMC43552

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Authors
Fava, G. E., Dong, E. W., & Wu, H.
Affiliations
Tulane University (US)
Corresponding author
Wu, Hongju
Venue
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-11
Volume
30
Issue
8
Pages
1651-1658
ISSN
  • 0891-6632 (ISSN-L)
  • 1056-8727
OpenAlex
W2403197434
Cited by
45
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
FWCI
0.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK081463)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords
glucagon-like peptide-1, alpha cells, proglucagon processing, incretins, insulin secretion, glucagon, beta-cell injury, hyperglycemia, cytokines, paracrine signaling, autocrine signaling
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Glucagon, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Glucagon-Secreting Cells, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

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