Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis leaves

Mendes, S.S.; Bomfim, R.R.; Jesus, H.C.R.; Alves, P.B.; Blank, A.F.; Estevam, C.S.; Antoniolli, A.R.; Thomazzi, S.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.005

Cited by 131Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant ApplicationsMedicinal Plant ResearchEssential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity

Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis leaves

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Mendes, S.S., Bomfim, R.R., Jesus, H.C.R., Alves, P.B., Blank, A.F., Estevam, C.S., Antoniolli, A.R., Thomazzi, S.M.·2010·Journal of Ethnopharmacology

DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.005

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Abstract

Aim of the study The aim of the present study is to investigate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of essential oil (EO) of Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae) leaves to support the medicinal uses claimed by folklore practitioners in the caatinga region (semi-arid) of Northeastern Brazil.Materials and methods The chemical composition and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the EO of Lippia gracilis leaves (50-200 mg/kg) were investigated. Antinociceptive activity of the EO was evaluated by writhing test. Anti-inflammatory activity of the EO was evaluated using paw oedema and peritonitis methods.Results Oral treatment with the EO of Lippia gracilis leaves elicited inhibitory activity on acetic acid effect at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg (30.33+/-2.36, 25.20+/-1.48, and 21.00+/-1.54 abdominal writhes, respectively, P<0.05), as compared with the control group (36.73+/-1.92 writhes). The compound acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 300 mg/kg) inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing (12.67+/-0.50 abdominal writhes, P<0.001). Carrageenan-induced oedema formation was reduced with the EO of Lippia gracilis leaves at 200 mg/kg (0.72+/-0.06 mL h, P<0.001) and by the reference compound ASA (300 mg/kg, 0.85+/-0.04 mL h, P<0.001), as compared with the control group (1.76+/-0.06 mL h). Leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity induced by carrageenan was reduced with the EO of Lippia gracilis leaves at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg (13.81+/-0.61, 11.77+/-0.91, and 10.30+/-0.60 leukocytes x 10(6)/mL, respectively, P<0.01), and by the compound dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, 5.34+/-0.33 leukocytes x 10(6)/mL, P<0.001), as compared with the control group (16.71+/-0.54 leukocytes x 10(6)/mL). The analyses of the essential oil allowed the identification of Lippia gracilis as a thymol-p-cymene chemotype (32.68% and 17.82%, respectively).Conclusions The EO of Lippia gracilis leaves shows antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.

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Carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema is frequently used to determine anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts and essential oils.
“Carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema is frequently used to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of diverse bioactive compounds such as plant extracts and essential oils [87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95].”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [93]

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The chemical composition and trypanocidal activity of volatile oils from Brazilian Caatinga plants
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Quality and intensity of light affect Lippia gracilis Schauer plant growth and volatile compounds in vitro
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Protective Effects of Natural Antioxidants on Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Thymol and Its Pharmacological Properties
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Phytochemical and toxicological evaluation of a blend of essential oils of Croton species on Aedes aegypti and Mus musculus
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Thymol encapsulated chitosan-Aloe vera films for antimicrobial infection
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Harvest time and geographical origin affect the essential oil of Lippia gracilis Schauer
dos Santos, C. P., Pinto, J. A. O., dos Santos, C. A., Cruz, E. M. O., Arrigoni-Blank, M. D. F., Andrade, T. M., Santos, D. D. A., Alves, P. B., & Blank, A. F. (2015) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.11.015 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Beneficial effects of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan extract on the inflammatory and nociceptive responses in rodent models
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Effects of Anethole in Nociception Experimental Models
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Involvement of Cholinergic and Opioid System inγ-Terpinene-Mediated Antinociception
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Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract from Pseudobombax marginatum inner bark from caatinga potiguar
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The Use of Essential Oils and Their Isolated Compounds for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis: A Literature Review
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Espécies de Lippia (Verbenaceae), seu Potencial Bioativo e Importância na Medicina Veterinária e Aquicultura
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The regulatory role of dietary factors in skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function
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Essential Oils of Hyptis pectinata Chemotypes: Isolation, Binary Mixtures and Acute Toxicity on Leaf-Cutting Ants
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Potential Use of Mexican Oregano Essential Oil against Parasite, Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens
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Central nervous system and analgesic profiles of Lippia genus
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Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Caesalpinia pyramidalis in rodents
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Acaricidal property of the essential oil from Lippia gracilis against Tetranychus urticae and a natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus, under greenhouse conditions
Born, F. D. S., da Câmara, C. A. G., de Melo, J. P. R., & de Moraes, M. M. (2018) · Experimental and Applied Acarology · doi:10.1007/s10493-018-0286-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Chemical composition and pharmacological properties of the essential oils obtained seasonally fromLippia thymoides
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The essential oil of the leaves of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and is toxicologically safe
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Phytochemical characterization and antinociceptive effect of Lippia gracilis Schauer
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Effect of Collection Time on Composition of Essential Oil ofLippia gracilisSchauer (Verbenaceae) Growing in Northeast Brazil
Bitu, V. D. C. N., da Costa, J. G. M., Rogrigues, F. F. G., Colares, A. V., Coutinho, H. D. M., Botelho, M. A., Portelo, A. D. C., de Santana, N. M., & de Menezes, I. R. A. (2015) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2014.935043 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Water Deficit and Seasonality Study on Essential Oil Constituents ofLippia gracilisSchauer Germplasm
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Óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais e aromáticas no controle do carrapato rhipicephalus microplus
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Determination of the vapor pressure of Lippia gracilis Schum essential oil by thermogravimetric analysis
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Atividade antimicrobiana e potencial terapêutico do gênero Lippia sensu lato (Verbenaceae)
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Oleanane-type triterpenoid: an anti-inflammatory compound of the roots Arrabidaea brachypoda
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Evaluation of the cytotoxic and antitumour effects of the essential oil from Mentha x villosa and its main compound, rotundifolone
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Antinociceptive mechanisms of Bunium persicum essential oil in the mouse writhing test: role of opioidergic and histaminergic systems
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Preparation, physicochemical characterization and computational studies of Plectranthus ornatus codd essential oil/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex
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Cistus albidus L.—Review of a Traditional Mediterranean Medicinal Plant with Pharmacological Potential
de Baviera, D. R., Ruiz‐Canales, A., & Barrajón‐Catalán, E. (2023) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants12162988 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Leaves from Lippia schaueriana Mart. Collected in the Caatinga Area
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Inhibition of the Antibiotic Activity of Cephalosporines by Co-Crystallization with Thymol
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Lippia alba essential oil: A powerful and valuable antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory medicinal plant from Brazil
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Toxicity of the Lippia gracilis essential oil chemotype, pinene-cineole-limonene, on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Monteiro, I. N., Ferreira, L. O. G., de Oliveira, A. K. M., Fávero, S., Figueiredo, P. L. B., Maia, J. G. S., Monteiro, O. S., & Matias, R. (2020) · International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · doi:10.1007/s42690-020-00191-y · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Thymol accelerates the recovery of the skeletal muscle of mice injured with cardiotoxin
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Potencial antimicrobiano de extratos e moléculas isolados de plantas da Caatinga: uma revisão
de Mesquita, M. O. M., Pinto, T. M. F., & Moreira, R. F. (2018) · Revista Fitos · doi:10.5935/2446-4775.20170028 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Thymol Protects against Aspergillus Fumigatus Keratitis by Inhibiting the LOX-1/IL-1β Signaling Pathway
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Measuring dielectric properties for microwave-assisted extraction of essential oils using single-mode and multimode reactors
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Antioxidant potential of the Caatinga flora
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Spasmolytic activity of p-menthane esters
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EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTINOCECEPTIVE ACTIVITY OF XANTHONES FROM SWERTIA CORYMBOSA (GRISEB.) WIGHT EX C.B. CLARKE
Mahendran, G., Manickam, M., & Bai, V. N. (2013) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pharmacological Properties of Essential Oil Constituents and their Mechanisms of Action
Jugreet, S., & Mahomoodally, M. F. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2361-8_18 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Volatile Constituents and Cytotoxic Activity ofKhaya grandifoliolaandKhaya senegalensisFlower Extracts
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Aromatherapy – A Non-Pharmacological Approach in Pain Control
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Antioxidative and Antibacterial Hydro-Ethanolic Fraction from an Asian Edible Mushroom Lentinus sajor-caju (Agaricomycetes) Suppresses Inflammatory Responses by Downregulating COX-2 and iNOS Expression
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Effect of Lippia grata essential oil as a feed additive on the performance of tambatinga juveniles
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Essential Oil Content and Chemical Composition of Lippia gracilis Schauer Cultived in the Sub-meddle São Francisco Valley
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Investigating the Antituberculosis Activity of Selected Commercial Essential Oils and Identification of Active Constituents Using a Biochemometrics Approach and In Silico Modeling
Boussamba-Digombou, K. J., Sandasi, M., Kamatou, G., van Vuuren, S. F., Sawicki, R., Fakhar, Z., & Viljoen, A. M. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics11070948 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Natural Antimicrobial Monoterpenes as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Vaginal Infections: A Review
Singh, P., Sardana, S., Yadav, S. K., Aggarwal, N., Chopra, H., & Dhama, K. (2024) · Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.22207/jpam.18.4.05 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS APLICADOS EM ALIMENTOS: UMA REVISÃO
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Active Compounds with Medicinal Potential Found in Maxillariinae Benth. (Orchidaceae Juss.) Representatives—A Review
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Anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties from Caatinga plant species: how they do it? – A literature review
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A cascaded approach for optimal utilization of Magnolia champaca seeds for biofuel and by-products
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Essential Oils Applied in Food: A Review
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Effects of the healing activity of rosemary-of-Chapada (Lippia gracilis Schauer) on cutaneous lesions in rats
Bulhões, A. A. V. D. C., Estevão, L. R. D. M., Florencio‐Silva, R., Simões, R. S., Leite, A. G. B., Cunha, D. M. S. D. S., Ramos, C. S., Soares, É. B. D. A., D’Emery, M. B., da Câmara, C. A. G., et al. (2022) · Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/acb370104 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of essential oils in Acanthamoeba keratitis
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Chemical characterization, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Lippia lacunosa, a species used by the Bandeirantes
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Plant as Potential Resources for Efficacious Essential Oils: Underpinning Aromatherapy Evolution
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Antitumor Essential Oils
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Essential Oils and Compounds against Pains in Animal Studies
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Thymol and Estragole
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Phytochemical and Biological Properties of Lippia gracilis
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Atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial da folha e do fruto de Schinusterebinthifolius (RADDI) sobre Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli
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Characterisation of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and the mechanism of the action of Lippia gracilis essential oil
Guilhon, C. C., Raymundo, L. J. R. P., Alviano, D. S., Blank, A. F., Arrigoni-Blank, M. F., Matheus, M. E., Cavalcanti, S. C. H., Alviano, C. S., & Fernandes, P. D. (2011) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.032 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
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Phytochemical characterization and antinociceptive effect of Lippia gracilis Schauer
Guimarães, A. G., Gomes, S. V. F., Moraes, V. R. D. S., Nogueira, P. C. D. L., Ferreira, A. G., Blank, A. F., Santos, A. D. D. C., Viana, M. D., Silva, G. H., & Quintans‐Júnior, L. J. (2011) · Journal of Natural Medicines · doi:10.1007/s11418-011-0601-3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil from Lippia thymoides MART. & SCHAUER (VERBENACEAE)
Silva, D. S., Menezes, P. M. N., dos Santos, J. A. A., Almeida, J. R. G. D. S., Ribeiro, L. A. D. A., Silva, J. C., Lucchese, A. M., Júnior, R. G. D. O., & Silva, F. S. (2025) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2025.2518432
Estudos químicos e farmacológicos da Lippia gracilis Schauer
Mendes, S. S. (2012) · Americanae (AECID Library)
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Lippia alba essential oil: A powerful and valuable antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory medicinal plant from Brazil
Froz, M. J. D. L., Barros, L. D. S. P., de Jesus, E. N. S., Tavares, M. S., Mourão, R. H. V., Silva, R. C., de Lima, A. B., da Silva, P. I. C., Freitas, J. J. D. S., Setzer, W. N., et al. (2024) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2024.118459 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Authors: Mendes, S. S., Bomfim, R. R., Jesus, H. C. R., Alves, P. B., Blank, A. F., Estevam, C. S., Antoniolli, A. R., & Thomazzi, S. M.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal de Sergipe (BR)
Corresponding author: Thomazzi, S.M.
ORCID: Bomfim, R.R.
Jesus, H.C.R.
Alves, P.B.
Blank, A.F.
Thomazzi, S.M.
Venue: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-06
Volume: 129
Issue: 3
Pages: 391-397
ISSN: 0378-8741 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.005
OpenAlex: W2088171081
Cited by: 131
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 10.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 327 d)
Locations: Journal of Ethnopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe
Universidade Federal de Sergipe
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Keywords: Lippia gracilis, essential oils, antinociceptive activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, acetic acid-induced writhing, carrageenan-induced paw edema, peritonitis, leukocyte migration, aspirin, medicinal plants, Verbenaceae, Caatinga, folk medicine, chemical composition, phenolic compounds
MeSH terms: Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Antioxidants, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte, Edema, Female, Leukocyte Count, Male, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Oils, Volatile, Pain, Peritoneal Cavity, Peritonitis, Plant Oils, Rats, Wistar, Plant Leaves, Lippia, Mice, Rats

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Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis leaves

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