Cited by 85Electrochemical Analysis and ApplicationsGold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and ApplicationsElectrochemical sensors and biosensors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Fabrication strategies and surface tuning of hierarchical gold nanostructures for electrochemical detection and removal of toxic pollutants

Abstract

The intensive research on the synthesis and characterization of gold (Au) nanostructures has been extensively documented over the last decades. These investigations allow the researchers to understand the relationships between the intrinsic properties of Au nanostructures such as particle size, shape, morphology, and composition to synthesize the Au nano/hybrid nanostructures with novel physicochemical properties. By tuning the properties above, these nanostructures are extensively employed to detect and remove trace amounts of toxic pollutants from the environment. This review attempts to document the achievements and current progress in Au-based nanostructures, general synthetic and fabrication strategies and their utilization in electrochemical sensing and environmental remediation applications. Additionally, the applications of Au nanostructures (e.g., as adsorbents, sensing platforms, catalysts, and electrodes) and advancements in the field of electrochemical sensing of different target analytes (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, heavy metals, small molecules, and antigens) are summarized. The literature survey concludes the existing methods for the detection of toxic contaminants at various concentration levels. Finally, the existing challenges and future research directions on electrochemical sensing and degradation of toxic contaminants using Au nanostructures are defined.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126648

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 245

  1. Abdelwahab, 2015, Simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid and folic acid based on activated graphene/MWCNT nanocomposite loaded Au nanoclusters, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 221, 659, 10.1016/j.snb.2015.07.016 · DOI
  2. Ahmadi, 2014, An electrochemical immunosensor for digoxin using core–shell gold coated magnetic nanoparticles as labels, Mol. Biol. Rep., 41, 1659, 10.1007/s11033-013-3014-4 · DOI
  3. Ahmed, 2016, Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles: a green approach, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 161, 141, 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.04.034 · DOI
  4. Al-Kahtani, 2018, A clean approach for the reduction of hazardous 4-nitrophenol using gold nanoparticles decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes, J. Clean. Prod., 191, 429, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.197 · DOI
  5. Alagiri, 2017, Gold nanorod-based electrochemical sensing of small biomolecules: a review, Microchim. Acta, 184, 3069, 10.1007/s00604-017-2418-6 · DOI
  6. Anjalidevi, 2013, Non enzymatic hydrogen peroxide detection at ruthenium oxide–gold nano particle–Nafion modified electrode, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 182, 256, 10.1016/j.snb.2013.03.006 · DOI
  7. Arkan, 2015, A novel antibody–antigen based impedimetric immunosensor for low level detection of HER2 in serum samples of breast cancer patients via modification of a gold nanoparticles decorated multiwall carbon nanotube-ionic liquid electrode, Anal. Chim. Acta, 874, 66, 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.022 · DOI
  8. Arroquia, 2020, Self-assembled gold decorated polydopamine nanospheres as electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid and tryptophan, Mater. Sci. Eng. C., Mater. Biol. Appl., 109, 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110602 · DOI
  9. Arunachalam, 2013, One-step green synthesis and characterization of leaf extract-mediated biocompatible silver and gold nanoparticles from Memecylon umbellatum, Int. J. Nanomed., 8, 1307, 10.2147/IJN.S36670 · DOI
  10. Arunkumar, 2021, Effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on improvement of fracture toughness of spark-plasma-sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 30, 3925, 10.1007/s11665-021-05562-1 · DOI
  11. Arunkumar, 2021, Influence of nanoparticles reinforcements on aluminium 6061 alloys fabricated via novel ultrasonic aided rheo-squeeze casting method, Met. Mater. Int.
  12. Arunkumar, 2021, Development of high-performance aluminium 6061/SiC nanocomposites by ultrasonic aided rheo-squeeze casting method, Ultrason. Sonochem., 76, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105631 · DOI
  13. Aydoğdu Tığ, 2017, A selective sensor based on Au nanoparticles-graphene oxide-poly(2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) composite for simultaneous electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid, J. Appl. Electrochem., 47, 607, 10.1007/s10800-017-1060-7 · DOI
  14. Aziz, 2019, Advancements in electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide, glucose and dopamine by using 2D nanoarchitectures of layered double hydroxides or metal dichalcogenides. A review, Mikrochim. Acta, 186, 671, 10.1007/s00604-019-3776-z · DOI
  15. Bankar, 2010, Banana peel extract mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 80, 45, 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.05.029 · DOI
  16. Barman, 2014, Electrochemical detection of adenine and guanine using a self-assembled copper(ii)–thiophenyl-azo-imidazole complex monolayer modified gold electrode, RSC Adv., 4, 49819, 10.1039/C4RA08568J · DOI
  17. Berbeć, 2018, Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide on gold nanoparticles modified with a polyoxomolybdate film. Highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of H2O2, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 258, 745, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.11.163 · DOI
  18. Bhattarai, 2018, Preparation, modification, characterization, and biosensing application of nanoporous gold using electrochemical techniques, Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 8
  19. Boujakhrout, 2015, Decorating graphene oxide/nanogold with dextran-based polymer brushes for the construction of ultrasensitive electrochemical enzyme biosensors, J. Mater. Chem. B, 3, 3518, 10.1039/C5TB00451A · DOI
  20. Brust, 1994, Synthesis of thiol-derivatised gold nanoparticles in a two-phase Liquid–Liquid system, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 0, 801, 10.1039/C39940000801 · DOI
  21. Cai, 2013, A layer-by-layer assembled and carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles-based bienzyme biosensor for cholesterol detection, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 181, 575, 10.1016/j.snb.2013.02.050 · DOI
  22. Chai, 2017, Selective electrocatalytic degradation of odorous mercaptans derived from S–Au bond recongnition on a dendritic gold/boron-doped diamond composite electrode, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 8067, 10.1021/acs.est.7b00393 · DOI
  23. Charoenkitamorn, 2018, Gold nanoparticle-labeled electrochemical immunoassay using open circuit potential for human chorionic gonadotropin detection, Electroanalysis, 30, 1774, 10.1002/elan.201700797 · DOI
  24. Cheng, 2020, Simultaneous determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers based on gold dendritic/pEDOT electrochemical sensor, J. Electroanal. Chem., 857, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113741 · DOI
  25. Chen, 2014, Hydrogen peroxide sensor based on gold nanoparticles/carbon nanotube/self-doped polyaniline hollow spheres, Electroanalysis, 26, 1513, 10.1002/elan.201400080 · DOI
  26. Chen, 2016, An electrochemical DNA biosensor based on nitrogen-doped graphene/Au nanoparticles for human multidrug resistance gene detection, Biosens. Bioelectron., 85, 684, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.051 · DOI
  27. Chen, 2012, Transparent metal oxide nanowire transistors, Nanoscale, 4, 3001, 10.1039/c2nr30445g · DOI
  28. Chen, 2016, Highly sensitive and selective detection of nitrite ions using Fe3O4@SiO2/Au magnetic nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Biosens. Bioelectron., 85, 726, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.068 · DOI
  29. Chen, 2014, Target-induced electronic switch for ultrasensitive detection of Pb2+ based on three dimensionally ordered macroporous Au–Pd bimetallic electrode, Biosens. Bioelectron., 53, 90, 10.1016/j.bios.2013.09.028 · DOI
  30. Chen, 2019, Electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on Cu-based metal-organic framework for the electrochemical detection of nitrite, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 286, 401, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.10.036 · DOI
  31. Coglitore, 2018, Unexpected hard protein behavior of BSA on gold nanoparticle caused by resveratrol, Langmuir, 34, 8866, 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01365 · DOI
  32. Cui, 2015, Hairpin DNA as a biobarcode modified on gold nanoparticles for electrochemical DNA detection, Anal. Chem., 87, 1358, 10.1021/ac504206n · DOI
  33. Daggumati, 2015, Effect of nanoporous gold thin film morphology on electrochemical DNA sensing, Anal. Chem., 87, 8149, 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00846 · DOI
  34. Dutta, 2019, Gold nanostar electrodes for heavy metal detection, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 281, 383, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.10.111 · DOI
  35. Elahi, 2018, Recent biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles: a review, Talanta, 184, 537, 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.088 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Fang, 2013, Molecular beacon based biosensor for the sequence-specific detection of DNA using DNA-capped gold nanoparticles-streptavidin conjugates for signal amplification, Microchim. Acta, 180, 1271, 10.1007/s00604-013-1044-1 · DOI
  37. Fayazfar, 2014, DNA impedance biosensor for detection of cancer, TP53 gene mutation, based on gold nanoparticles/aligned carbon nanotubes modified electrode, Anal. Chim. Acta, 836, 34, 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.029 · DOI
  38. Feng, 2009, Electrochemical glucose sensor based on one-step construction of gold nanoparticle–chitosan composite film, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 138, 539, 10.1016/j.snb.2009.02.048 · DOI
  39. Freitas de Freitas, 2018, An Overview of the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Radiation Technologies, Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 8
  40. Frens, 1973, Controlled nucleation for the regulation of the particle size in monodisperse gold suspensions, Nat. Phys. Sci., 241, 20, 10.1038/physci241020a0 · DOI
  41. Fuentes-García, 2021, Effect of ultrasonic irradiation power on sonochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles, Ultrason. Sonochem., 70, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105274 · DOI
  42. Fu, 2018, Au nanoparticles on two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets as a photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical miRNA detection, Analyst, 143, 1705, 10.1039/C8AN00105G · DOI
  43. Fu, 2017, Fabrication of Au nanoparticle/TiO2 hybrid films for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, J. Alloy. Compd., 692, 727, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.09.119 · DOI
  44. Fu, 2012, Electropolymerized surface ion imprinting films on a gold nanoparticles/single-wall carbon nanotube nanohybrids modified glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical detection of trace mercury(II) in water, Anal. Chim. Acta, 720, 29, 10.1016/j.aca.2011.12.071 · DOI
  45. Gao, 2020, Core-shell gold-nickel nanostructures as highly selective and stable nonenzymatic glucose sensor for fermentation process, Sci. Rep., 10, 1365, 10.1038/s41598-020-58403-x · DOI
  46. German, 2020, Formation and electrochemical evaluation of polyaniline and polypyrrole nanocomposites based on glucose oxidase and gold nanostructures, Polymers, 12, 10.3390/polym12123026 · DOI
  47. German, 2017, Amperometric glucose biosensor based on electrochemically deposited gold nanoparticles covered by polypyrrole, Electroanalysis, 29, 1267, 10.1002/elan.201600680 · DOI
  48. German, 2012, Gold nanoparticles and polypyrrole for glucose biosensor design, Procedia Eng., 47, 482, 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.189 · DOI
  49. Ge, 2011, Nanoporous gold leaf for amperometric determination of nitrite, Electroanalysis, 23, 381, 10.1002/elan.201000320 · DOI
  50. Giannetto, 2017, Competitive amperometric immunosensor for determination of p53 protein in urine with carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles screen-printed electrodes: a potential rapid and noninvasive screening tool for early diagnosis of urinary tract carcinoma, Anal. Chim. Acta, 991, 133, 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.005 · DOI
  51. Gong, 2010, Stripping voltammetric detection of mercury(II) based on a bimetallic Au−Pt inorganic−organic hybrid nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode, Anal. Chem., 82, 567, 10.1021/ac901846a · DOI
  52. Gopi, 2018, Porous organic polymer-derived carbon composite as a bimodal catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and nitrophenol reduction, ACS Omega, 3, 6251, 10.1021/acsomega.8b00574 · DOI
  53. Gopi, 2021, Cobalt-modified 2D porous organic polymer for highly efficient electrocatalytic removal of toxic urea and nitrophenol, Chemosphere, 265, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129052 · DOI
  54. Grochowska, 2019, Non-enzymatic flexible glucose sensing platform based on nanostructured TiO2 – Au composite, J. Electroanal. Chem., 837, 230, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.02.040 · DOI
  55. Grzelczak, 2008, Shape control in gold nanoparticle synthesis, Chem. Soc. Rev., 37, 1783, 10.1039/b711490g · DOI
  56. Gumpu, 2015, A review on detection of heavy metal ions in water – an electrochemical approach, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 213, 515, 10.1016/j.snb.2015.02.122 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Gu, 2016, UV-light aided photoelectrochemical synthesis of Au/TiO2 NTs for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of HPAM, RSC Adv., 6, 63711, 10.1039/C6RA12031H · DOI
  58. Hafez, 2019, Unveiling the intrinsic catalytic activities of single-gold-nanoparticle-based enzyme mimetics, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 58, 6327, 10.1002/anie.201901384 · DOI
  59. Han, 2019, Sensitive electrochemical sensor for nitrite ions based on rose-like AuNPs/MoS2/graphene composite, Biosens. Bioelectron., 142, 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111529 · DOI
  60. He, 2019, A gold electrode modified with a gold-graphene oxide nanocomposite for non-enzymatic sensing of glucose at near-neutral pH values, Mikrochim. Acta, 186, 722, 10.1007/s00604-019-3796-8 · DOI
  61. Holade, 2018, Electrocatalytic and electroanalytic investigation of carbohydrates oxidation on gold-based nanocatalysts in alkaline and neutral pHs, J. Electrochem. Soc., 165, H425, 10.1149/2.0311809jes · DOI
  62. Hsu, 2017, Nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on Au/ZnO core–shell nanostructures decorated with Au nanoparticles and enhanced with blue and green light, J. Phys. Chem. B, 121, 2931, 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b11257 · DOI
  63. Huang, 2010, Gold nanoparticles: optical properties and implementations in cancer diagnosis and photothermal therapy, J. Adv. Res., 1, 13, 10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.002 · DOI
  64. Huang, 2017, Pd-Au@carbon dots nanocomposite: facile synthesis and application as an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for determination of colitoxin DNA in human serum, Biosens. Bioelectron., 94, 507, 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.048 · DOI
  65. Huang, 2014, Signal amplification for electrochemical DNA biosensor based on two-dimensional graphene analogue tungsten sulfide–graphene composites and gold nanoparticles, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 191, 828, 10.1016/j.snb.2013.10.072 · DOI
  66. Hwang, 2018, Recent advances in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors – a review, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1033, 1, 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.051 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Ilkhani, 2015, Electrochemical aptamer/antibody based sandwich immunosensor for the detection of EGFR, a cancer biomarker, using gold nanoparticles as a signaling probe, Biosens. Bioelectron., 74, 491, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.063 · DOI
  68. Ismail, 2014, Development of non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor based on graphene oxide nanoribbon – gold nanoparticle hybrid, Electrochim. Acta, 146, 98, 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.123 · DOI
  69. Jang, 2015, 3D label-free prostate specific antigen (PSA) immunosensor based on graphene–gold composites, Biosens. Bioelectron., 63, 546, 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.008 · DOI
  70. Jayakumar, 2018, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 21541, 10.1021/acsami.8b03236 · DOI
  71. Jena, 2008, Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of sub-ppb level chromium(VI) using nano-sized gold particle, Talanta, 76, 161, 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.02.027 · DOI
  72. Jiang, 2012, Nanostructuring a gold microelectrode through electrochemical alloying-dealloying for nitrite detection, ECS Electrochem. Lett., 1, H21, 10.1149/2.009205eel · DOI
  73. Jian, 2018, Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticles composite modified screen-printed carbon electrode for effective electrocatalytic analysis of nitrite in foods, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 262, 125, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.01.164 · DOI
  74. Jia, 2014, A simple non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor using gold nanoparticles-graphene-chitosan modified electrode, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 195, 165, 10.1016/j.snb.2014.01.043 · DOI
  75. Jia, 2017, Immunosensor for α-fetoprotein based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with electrochemically deposited N-doped graphene, gold nanoparticles and chitosan, Microchim. Acta, 184, 3747, 10.1007/s00604-017-2407-9 · DOI
  76. Justino, 2016, Chapter three − immunosensors in clinical laboratory diagnostics, 65
  77. Ju, 2015, In situ growth of surfactant-free gold nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide in biological environments, Anal. Chem., 87, 1903, 10.1021/ac5041555 · DOI
  78. Kang, 2019, Highly sensitive detection of nitrite by using gold nanoparticle-decorated α-Fe2O3 nanorod arrays as self-supporting photo-electrodes, Inorg. Chem. Front., 6, 1432, 10.1039/C9QI00176J · DOI
  79. Karuppasamy, 2021, ZIF-8 templated assembly of La3+-anchored ZnO distorted nano-hexagons as an efficient active photocatalyst for the detoxification of rhodamine B in water, Environ. Pollut. (Barking, Essex: 1987), 272, 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116018 · DOI
  80. Kaur, 2020, Ultra-sensitive electrochemical sensors based on self-assembled chelating dithiol on gold electrode for trace level detection of copper(II) ions, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 312, 10.1016/j.snb.2020.127935 · DOI
  81. Kavosi, 2015, Ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for PSA biomarker detection in prostate cancer cells using gold nanoparticles/PAMAM dendrimer loaded with enzyme linked aptamer as integrated triple signal amplification strategy, Biosens. Bioelectron., 74, 915, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.064 · DOI
  82. Khan, 2017, Photo catalytic applications of gold nanoparticles synthesized by green route and electrochemical degradation of phenolic Azo dyes using AuNPs/GC as modified paste electrode, J. Alloy. Compd., 725, 869, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.07.222 · DOI
  83. Kim, 2016, Electrochemical degradation of organic dyes with a porous gold electrode, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33, 1855, 10.1007/s11814-016-0033-6 · DOI
  84. Komathi, 2013, Fabrication of horseradish peroxidase immobilized poly(N-[3-(trimethoxy silyl)propyl]aniline) gold nanorods film modified electrode and electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensing, Electrochim. Acta, 92, 71, 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.032 · DOI
  85. Koyun, 2018, Voltammetric determination of nitrite with gold nanoparticles/poly(methylene blue)-modified pencil graphite electrode: application in food and water samples, Ionics, 24, 3187, 10.1007/s11581-017-2429-7 · DOI
  86. Kumarasamy, 2018, One-step coelectrodeposition-assisted layer-by-layer assembly of gold nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide and its self-healing three-dimensional nanohybrid for an ultrasensitive DNA sensor, Nanoscale, 10, 1196, 10.1039/C7NR06952A · DOI
  87. Kumar, 2019, Enhanced electrochemical sensing of dopamine in the presence of AA and UA using a curcumin functionalized gold nanoparticle modified electrode, N. J. Chem., 43, 19003, 10.1039/C9NJ04398E · DOI
  88. Kumar, 2018, Correlating surface growth of nanoporous gold with electrodeposition parameters to optimize amperometric sensing of nitrite, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 263, 237, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.02.125 · DOI
  89. Kumar, 2017, Progress in the sensing techniques for heavy metal ions using nanomaterials, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 54, 30, 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.010 · DOI
  90. Kumar, 2016, Ecofriendly ultrasound-assisted rapid synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Calothrix algae, Adv. Nat. Sci.: Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 7
  91. Kurniawan, 2006, Gold nanoparticles in nonenzymatic electrochemical detection of sugars, Electroanalysis, 18, 1937, 10.1002/elan.200603607 · DOI
  92. Lang, 2016, A sensitive acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on gold nanorods modified electrode for detection of organophosphate pesticide, Talanta, 156–157, 34, 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.05.002 · DOI
  93. Lee, 2020, Selective synthesis of Au and graphitic carbon-encapsulated Au (Au@GC) nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in solvents: catalytic Au and acid-resistant Au@GC nanoparticles, Appl. Surf. Sci., 506, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.145006 · DOI · Paper page
  94. Lee, 2019, Comparison of enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on hierarchical Au-Ni alloy with conductive polymer, Biosens. Bioelectron., 130, 48, 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.028 · DOI
  95. Lee, 2018, A multi-functional gold/iron-oxide nanoparticle-CNT hybrid nanomaterial as virus DNA sensing platform, Biosens. Bioelectron., 102, 425, 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.052 · DOI
  96. Lee, 2021, Heteroatom-doped graphene-based materials for sustainable energy applications: a review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 143, 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110849 · DOI
  97. Lei, 2012, Signal amplification using functional nanomaterials for biosensing, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 2122, 10.1039/c1cs15274b · DOI
  98. Lertanantawong, 2018, Directing nanostructure formation of gold through the in situ underpotential deposition of a secondary metal for the detection of nitrite ions, ChemElectroChem, 5, 911, 10.1002/celc.201700707 · DOI
  99. Le, 2021, Worm-like gold nanowires assembled carbon nanofibers-CVD graphene hybrid as sensitive and selective sensor for nitrite detection, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 583, 425, 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.068 · DOI
  100. Lian, 2015, Au nanoparticles on tryptophan-functionalized graphene for sensitive detection of dopamine, Appl. Surf. Sci., 349, 184, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.04.217 · DOI
  101. Lin, 2011, Layer-by-layer construction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide, and gold nanoparticles integrated composite electrode for nitrite detection, Electrochim. Acta, 56, 1030, 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.058 · DOI
  102. Liu, 2018, Aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for mercury ions detection using AuNPs-modified glass carbon electrode, J. Biomed. Nanotechnol., 14, 2156, 10.1166/jbn.2018.2655 · DOI
  103. Liu, 2010, Non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide detection using gold nanoclusters-modified phosphorus incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon electrodes, Electrochim. Acta, 55, 1971, 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.017 · DOI
  104. Liu, 2018, Pt and Au bimetallic and monometallic nanostructured amperometric sensors for direct detection of hydrogen peroxide: influences of bimetallic effect and silica support, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 255, 1325, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.08.123 · DOI
  105. Liu, 2016, Nanocomposites of gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide towards an stable label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of cardiac marker troponin-I, Anal. Chim. Acta, 909, 1, 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.023 · DOI
  106. Liu, 2011, Ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical identification of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b based on specific endonuclease combined with gold nanoparticles signal amplification, Anal. Chem., 83, 4752, 10.1021/ac200624f · DOI
  107. Liu, 2014, Coaxial electrospinning route to prepare Au-loading SnO2 hollow microtubes for non-enzymatic detection of H2O2, Electrochim. Acta, 141, 161, 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.033 · DOI
  108. Liu, 2014, Highly sensitive voltammetric detection of DNA hybridization in sandwich format using thionine-capped gold nanoparticle/reporter DNA conjugates as signal tags, Gold. Bull., 47, 119, 10.1007/s13404-013-0133-6 · DOI
  109. Li, 2003, Peroxide electroreduction on Bi-modified Au surfaces: vibrational spectroscopy and density functional calculations, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 7086, 10.1021/ja034125q · DOI
  110. Li, 2015, An ultrasensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor based on signal amplification strategy of gold nanoparticles functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes loaded with lead ions, Biosens. Bioelectron., 68, 626, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.01.049 · DOI
  111. Li, 2005, Electroreduction activity of hydrogen peroxide on Pt and Au electrodes, Langmuir, 21, 9251, 10.1021/la0508745 · DOI
  112. Li, 2015, Simple synthesis of worm-like Au–Pd nanostructures supported on reduced graphene oxide for highly sensitive detection of nitrite, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 208, 468, 10.1016/j.snb.2014.11.056 · DOI
  113. Li, 2018, Simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid in the presence of ascorbic acid using a gold electrode modified with carboxylated graphene and silver nanocube functionalized polydopamine nanospheres, Mikrochim Acta, 185, 382, 10.1007/s00604-018-2922-3 · DOI
  114. Li, 2013, Ag–Au bimetallic nanostructures: co-reduction synthesis and their component-dependent performance for enzyme-free H2O2 sensing, J. Mater. Chem. A, 1, 7111, 10.1039/c3ta00106g · DOI
  115. Li, 2017, Ultrasensitive amperometric immunosensor for PSA detection based on Cu2O@CeO2-Au nanocomposites as integrated triple signal amplification strategy, Biosens. Bioelectron., 87, 630, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.018 · DOI
  116. Li, 2019, Nanoporous gold induced vertically standing 2D NiCo bimetal-organic framework nanosheets for non-enzymatic glucose biosensing, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 281, 652, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.10.150 · DOI
  117. Li, 2015, Enhanced electrochemical recognition of double-stranded DNA by using hybridization chain reaction and positively charged gold nanoparticles, Biosens. Bioelectron., 74, 687, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.070 · DOI
  118. Li, 2020, Electrostatic self-assembled bracelet-like Au@Pt nanoparticles: an efficient electrocatalyst for highly sensitive non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensing, ChemElectroChem, 7, 1581, 10.1002/celc.202000019 · DOI
  119. Li, 2012, Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase and its biosensing to glucose based on the Chit-MWCNTs–AuNRs modified gold electrode, J. Electroanal. Chem., 685, 86, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.08.028 · DOI
  120. Li, 2012, Electrochemical growth of gold nanoparticles on horizontally aligned carbon nanotubes: A new platform for ultrasensitive DNA sensing, Biosens. Bioelectron., 33, 279, 10.1016/j.bios.2011.12.039 · DOI
  121. Li, 2017, A sensor for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen based on the polyaniline-Au nanoparticles and gap-based interdigitated electrode, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 239, 874, 10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.101 · DOI
  122. Luckarift, 2010, Glucose oxidase catalyzed self-assembly of bioelectroactive gold nanostructures, Electroanalysis, 22, 784, 10.1002/elan.200980003 · DOI
  123. Lu, 2018, One pot synthesis of dandelion-like polyaniline coated gold nanoparticles composites for electrochemical sensing applications, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 525, 86, 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.065 · DOI
  124. Lu, 2017, A screen-printed carbon electrode modified with a bismuth film and gold nanoparticles for simultaneous stripping voltammetric determination of Zn(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II), Microchim. Acta, 184, 4731, 10.1007/s00604-017-2521-8 · DOI
  125. Mao, 2018, Research progress on nitrite electrochemical sensor, Chin. J. Anal. Chem., 46, 147, 10.1016/S1872-2040(17)61066-1 · DOI
  126. Mascini, 2008, Biosensors for biomarkers in medical diagnostics, Biomarkers, 13, 637, 10.1080/13547500802645905 · DOI
  127. Mayani, 2017, A sustainable nanocomposite Au(Salen)@CC for catalytic degradation of eosin Y and chromotrope 2R dyes, Sci. Rep., 7, 7239, 10.1038/s41598-017-07707-6 · DOI
  128. Mazeiko, 2013, Gold nanoparticle and conducting polymer-polyaniline-based nanocomposites for glucose biosensor design, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 189, 187, 10.1016/j.snb.2013.03.140 · DOI
  129. Ma, 2014, Electrochemical detection of nitrite based on glassy carbon electrode modified with gold–polyaniline–graphene nanocomposites, RSC Adv., 4, 57842, 10.1039/C4RA08543D · DOI
  130. Ma, 2016, Label-free immunosensor based on one-step electrodeposition of chitosan-gold nanoparticles biocompatible film on Au microelectrode for determination of aflatoxin B1 in maize, Biosens. Bioelectron., 80, 222, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.01.063 · DOI
  131. Mejri, 2020, Curcumin graphite pencil electrode modified with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets decorated gold foams for simultaneous quantification of nitrite and hydrazine in water samples, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1137, 19, 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.032 · DOI
  132. Meng, 2011, Nanoporous gold as non-enzymatic sensor for hydrogen peroxide, Electrochim. Acta, 56, 4657, 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.105 · DOI
  133. Moakhar, 2016, Au-Pd bimetallic nanoparticle electrodes for direct electroreduction of hexavalent chromium complexes, Aust. J. Chem., 69, 423, 10.1071/CH15660 · DOI
  134. Moghimi, 2015, Bimetallic nanoparticles for arsenic detection, Anal. Chem., 87, 5546, 10.1021/ac504116d · DOI
  135. Mohammed Modawe Alshik Edris, 2018, Electrochemical reduced graphene oxide-poly(eriochrome black T)/gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid, Arab. J. Chem., 11, 1301, 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.09.002 · DOI
  136. Mokhtarzadeh, 2017, Nanomaterial-based biosensors for detection of pathogenic virus, TrAC Trends Anal. Chem., 97, 445, 10.1016/j.trac.2017.10.005 · DOI
  137. Naik, 2020, Pulsed laser synthesis of reduced graphene oxide supported ZnO/Au nanostructures in liquid with enhanced solar light photocatalytic activity, Environ. Pollut. (Barking, Essex: 1987), 266, 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115247 · DOI · Paper page
  138. Naik, 2021, Rapid and highly selective electrochemical sensor based on ZnS/Au-decorated f-multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites produced via pulsed laser technique for detection of toxic nitro compounds, J. Hazard. Mater., 418, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126269 · DOI · Paper page
  139. Narang, 2011, A non-enzymatic sensor for hydrogen peroxide based on polyaniline, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles modified Au electrode, Analyst, 136, 4460, 10.1039/c1an15543a · DOI
  140. Naveen, 2017, Applications of conducting polymer composites to electrochemical sensors: a review, Appl. Mater. Today, 9, 419, 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.09.001 · DOI
  141. Ngamaroonchote, 2020, Highly branched gold–copper nanostructures for non-enzymatic specific detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide, Mikrochim. Acta, 187, 559, 10.1007/s00604-020-04542-x · DOI
  142. Nirala, 2015, Partially reduced graphene oxide–gold nanorods composite based bioelectrode of improved sensing performance, Talanta, 144, 745, 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.059 · DOI
  143. Niu, 2012, Novel screen-printed gold nano film electrode for trace mercury(II) determination using anodic stripping voltammetry, Anal. Lett., 45, 764, 10.1080/00032719.2011.653902 · DOI
  144. Noah, 2020, Design and synthesis of nanostructured materials for sensor applications, J. Nanomater., 2020, 1, 10.1155/2020/8855321 · DOI
  145. Olvera-Rodríguez, 2019, TiO2/Au/TiO2 multilayer thin-film photoanodes synthesized by pulsed laser deposition for photoelectrochemical degradation of organic pollutants, Sep. Purif. Technol., 224, 189, 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.020 · DOI
  146. Omidfar, 2015, A high sensitive electrochemical nanoimmunosensor based on Fe3O4/TMC/Au nanocomposite and PT-modified electrode for the detection of cancer biomarker epidermal growth factor receptor, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 220, 1311, 10.1016/j.snb.2015.07.021 · DOI
  147. Peng, 2016, Electrochemical sensors based on gold nanoparticles modified with rhodamine B hydrazide to sensitively detect Cu(II), Appl. Surf. Sci., 390, 422, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.08.104 · DOI
  148. Philip, 2010, Rapid green synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles using Mangifera indica leaf, Spectrochim. Acta Part A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 77, 807, 10.1016/j.saa.2010.08.008 · DOI
  149. Pogacean, 2015, Electrochemical degradation of carbamazepine using modified electrode with graphene-AuAg composite, AIP Conf. Proc., 1700, 10.1063/1.4938453 · DOI
  150. Prehn, 2012, A non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on the use of gold micropillar array electrodes, J. Electrochem. Soc., 159, F134, 10.1149/2.018206jes · DOI
  151. Pundir, 2011, A novel amperometric biosensor for oxalate determination using multi-walled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle composite, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 155, 796, 10.1016/j.snb.2011.01.050 · DOI
  152. Qiu, 2012, Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase immobilized on nanostructured gold thin films and its application to bioelectrochemical glucose sensor, Electrochim. Acta, 67, 140, 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.011 · DOI
  153. Radziuk, 2010, Ultrasound-assisted fusion of preformed gold nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. C., 114, 1835, 10.1021/jp910374s · DOI
  154. Rafique, 2020, Facile development of highly sensitive femtomolar electrochemical DNA biosensor using gold nanoneedle-modified electrode, Chem. Pap., 74, 229, 10.1007/s11696-019-00874-y · DOI
  155. Rahman, 2010, A comprehensive review of glucose biosensors based on nanostructured metal-oxides, Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 10, 4855, 10.3390/s100504855 · DOI · Paper page
  156. Rahman, 2014, Electrodeposition of Gold on Fluorine-doped tin oxide: characterization and application for catalytic oxidation of nitrite, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 35, 2072, 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.7.2072 · DOI
  157. Rai, 2006, Role of halide ions and temperature on the morphology of biologically synthesized gold nanotriangles, Langmuir, 22, 736, 10.1021/la052055q · DOI
  158. Ramanathan, 2016, Gold-coated carbon nanotube electrode arrays: Immunosensors for impedimetric detection of bone biomarkers, Biosens. Bioelectron., 77, 580, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.014 · DOI
  159. Rasheed, 2017, Electrochemical DNA sensors based on the use of gold nanoparticles: a review on recent developments, Microchim. Acta, 184, 981, 10.1007/s00604-017-2143-1 · DOI
  160. Reddy, 2020, Recent trends in electrochemical sensors for vital biomedical markers using hybrid nanostructured materials, Adv. Sci. (Weinh., Baden. -Wurtt., Ger. ), 7
  161. Reetz, 1994, Size-selective synthesis of nanostructured transition metal clusters, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 7401, 10.1021/ja00095a051 · DOI
  162. Saeed, 2015, Electrocatalytic nitrite determination using iron phthalocyanine modified gold nanoparticles, Electroanalysis, 27, 1086, 10.1002/elan.201400563 · DOI
  163. Sahin, 2015, Microwave-assisted synthesis of PtAu@C based bimetallic nanocatalysts for non-enzymatic H2O2 sensor, Electrochim. Acta, 180, 873, 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.015 · DOI
  164. Salamifar, 2014, Fabrication of electrochemical DNA sensors on gold-modified recessed platinum nanoelectrodes, Anal. Chem., 86, 2849, 10.1021/ac403816h · DOI
  165. Sanzó, 2016, Bubble electrodeposition of gold porous nanocorals for the enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection of glucose, Bioelectrochemistry, 112, 125, 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.012 · DOI
  166. Schmid, 1981, Au55[P(C6H5)3]12CI6 — ein Goldcluster ungewöhnlicher Größe, Chem. Ber., 114, 3634, 10.1002/cber.19811141116 · DOI
  167. Sengani, 2017, Recent trends and methodologies in gold nanoparticle synthesis – a prospective review on drug delivery aspect, OpenNano, 2, 37, 10.1016/j.onano.2017.07.001 · DOI
  168. Seo, 2017, Concurrent electrocatalysis and sensing of hydrazine and sulfite and nitrite ions using electrodeposited gold nanostructure-modified electrode, J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol., 8, 25, 10.33961/JECST.2017.8.1.25 · DOI
  169. Shamsabadi, 2020, Electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing of glucose by gold nanoparticles incorporated graphene nanofibers, Mater. Today Commun., 24
  170. Sharma, 2017, Electrochemical immunosensor based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) modified with gold nanoparticle to detect aflatoxin B1, Mater. Sci. Eng.: C., 76, 802, 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.146 · DOI
  171. Shen, 2015, Electrochemical sensing platform based on Pd–Au bimetallic cluster for non-enzymatic detection of glucose, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 209, 695, 10.1016/j.snb.2014.12.044 · DOI
  172. Shervedani, 2014, Novel graphene-gold hybrid nanostructures constructed via sulfur modified graphene: preparation and characterization by surface and electrochemical techniques, Electrochim. Acta, 121, 376, 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.044 · DOI
  173. Shi, 2017, Simple synthesis of hierarchical AuPt alloy nanochains for construction of highly sensitive hydrazine and nitrite sensors, Mater. Sci. Eng.: C., 75, 1317, 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.041 · DOI
  174. Shu, 2015, Single-step electrochemical deposition of high performance Au-graphene nanocomposites for nonenzymatic glucose sensing, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 220, 331, 10.1016/j.snb.2015.05.094 · DOI
  175. Silva, 2014, Gold nanoparticles hosted in a water-soluble silsesquioxane polymer applied as a catalytic material onto an electrochemical sensor for detection of nitrophenol isomers, J. Hazard. Mater., 273, 70, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.032 · DOI
  176. Singh, 2013, Facile green synthesis of variable metallic gold nanoparticle using Padina gymnospora, a brown marine macroalga, Appl. Nanosci., 3, 145, 10.1007/s13204-012-0115-7 · DOI
  177. Song, 2017, An electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles incorporated in mesoporous MFI zeolite for determination of purine bases in DNA, Electroanalysis, 29, 1618, 10.1002/elan.201600812 · DOI
  178. Song, 2013, Electrochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with glassy carbon electrode and their application, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. A, 87, 74, 10.1134/S0036024413010275 · DOI
  179. Soomro, 2016, Highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensing using gold nanocages as efficient electrode material, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 233, 230, 10.1016/j.snb.2016.04.065 · DOI
  180. Sophia, 2015, Gold nanoparticles for sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide: a simple non-enzymatic approach, J. Appl. Electrochem., 45, 963, 10.1007/s10800-015-0862-8 · DOI
  181. Sun, 2017, Investigate electrochemical immunosensor of cortisol based on gold nanoparticles/magnetic functionalized reduced graphene oxide, Biosens. Bioelectron., 88, 55, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.047 · DOI
  182. Su, 2018, Au@Cu2O core-shell structure for high sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 255, 2510, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.09.056 · DOI
  183. Su, 2016, Controllable cobalt oxide/Au hierarchically nanostructured electrode for nonenzymatic glucose sensing, Anal. Chem., 88, 1617, 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03396 · DOI
  184. Su, 2015, Shape-controlled gold nanoparticles supported on MoS2 nanosheets: synergistic effect of thionine and MoS2 and their application for electrochemical label-free immunosensing, Nanoscale, 7, 19129, 10.1039/C5NR05614D · DOI
  185. Tajik, 2021, Recent developments in polymer nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensors for detecting environmental pollutants, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 60, 1112, 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04952 · DOI
  186. Tan, 2020, Gold nanoparticle decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide nanosheets as a modified electrode for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid, N. J. Chem., 44, 4916, 10.1039/D0NJ00166J · DOI
  187. Theerthagiri, 2021, Application of advanced materials in sonophotocatalytic processes for the remediation of environmental pollutants, J. Hazard. Mater., 412, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125245 · DOI
  188. Theerthagiri, 2020, Sonoelectrochemistry for energy and environmental applications, Ultrason. Sonochem., 63, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104960 · DOI
  189. Theerthagiri, 2021, Recent progress on synthetic strategies and applications of transition metal phosphides in energy storage and conversion, Ceram. Int., 47, 4404, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.10.098 · DOI
  190. Theerthagiri, 2016, One-step electrochemical deposition of Ni1−xMoxS ternary sulfides as an efficient counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4, 16119, 10.1039/C6TA04405K · DOI
  191. Tian, 2016, Direct electrodeposition of highly ordered gold nanotube arrays for use in non-enzymatic amperometric sensing of glucose, Microchim. Acta, 183, 1925, 10.1007/s00604-016-1835-2 · DOI
  192. Tian, 2014, A review of recent advances in nonenzymatic glucose sensors, Mater. Sci. Eng.: C, 41, 100, 10.1016/j.msec.2014.04.013 · DOI
  193. Ting, 2015, Graphene quantum dots functionalized gold nanoparticles for sensitive electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions, Electrochim. Acta, 172, 7, 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.026 · DOI
  194. Törnblom, 1997, Effect of solubilization of aliphatic hydrocarbons on size and shape of rodlike C16TABr micelles studied by 2H NMR relaxation, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 6028, 10.1021/jp970899f · DOI
  195. Turkevich, 1951, A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold, Discuss. Faraday Soc., 11, 55, 10.1039/df9511100055 · DOI
  196. Tu, 2018, A miniaturized electrochemical system for high sensitive determination of chromium(VI) by screen-printed carbon electrode with gold nanoparticles modification, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 272, 582, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.006 · DOI
  197. Üzer, 2016, Electrochemical determination of food preservative nitrite with gold nanoparticles/p-aminothiophenol-modified gold electrode, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17, 10.3390/ijms17081253 · DOI
  198. Vadivel, 2016, Synthesis of polyaniline/graphene oxide composite via ultrasonication method for photocatalytic applications, Mater. Focus, 5, 393, 10.1166/mat.2016.1367 · DOI
  199. Vidotti, 2011, Biosensors based on gold nanostructures, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 22, 3, 10.1590/S0103-50532011000100002 · DOI
  200. Viswanathan, 2018, Bi-functional sensing capability of gold multi-pod network nanostructures towards nitrite and guanine, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 270, 56, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.007 · DOI

200 of 245 shown

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Theerthagiri, J., Lee, S. J., Karuppasamy, K., Park, J., Yu, Y., Kumari, M. L. A., Chandrasekaran, S., Kim, H.-S., & Choi, M. Y.
Affiliations
  • Gyeongsang National University (KR)
  • Dongguk University (KR)
  • M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences (IN)
  • King Abdulaziz University (SA)
Corresponding author
Choi, Myong Yong
Venue
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-10
Volume
420
Pages
126648
ISSN
0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3180932404
Cited by
85
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 14
FWCI
1.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Keywords
gold nanostructures, hierarchical nanostructures, electrochemical sensing, environmental remediation, gold electrode, adsorbents, heavy metal detection, nucleic acid detection, protein detection, antigen detection, surface functionalization
MeSH terms
Catalysis, Electrodes, Environmental Pollutants, Gold, Biosensing Techniques, Nanostructures, Electrochemical Techniques

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review