Speaking while monitoring addressees for understanding
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Non-interactive settings that lack opportunity for feedback result in the production of longer and less intelligible referring expressions.
“Such studies have shown that non-interactive settings (which lack opportunity for feedback) result in the production of longer and less intelligible referring expressions (Krauss and Weinheimer, 1966; Clark and Krych, 2004).”
From Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review (2022) · cites this paper as Clark and Krych, 2004
Speakers do not typically wait to receive feedback until after their contribution is complete; instead, they continuously monitor the addressee for understanding and may alter and adapt their utterance as it is being produced.
“Thus, speakers do not typically wait to receive feedback until after their contribution is complete. Instead, they continuously monitor the addressee for understanding and may alter and adapt their utterance as it is being produced (Bavelas et al., 2000; Clark and Krych, 2004).”
From Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review (2022) · cites this paper as Clark and Krych, 2004
Cites
Grice, H. P. (1975) · Speech Acts · doi:10.1163/9789004368811_003 · Cited by 23,221 · see citing works
A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974) · Language · doi:10.2307/412243 · Cited by 11,350 · see citing works
The Preference for Self-Correction in the Organization of Repair in Conversation
Schegloff, E. A., Jefferson, G., & Sacks, H. (1977) · Language · doi:10.2307/413107 · Cited by 5,150 · see citing works
The Repertoire of Nonverbal Behavior: Categories, Origins, Usage, and Coding
EKMAN, P., & FRIESEN, W. V. (1969) · Semiotica · doi:10.1515/semi.1969.1.1.49 · Cited by 3,316 · see citing works
Using uh and um in spontaneous speaking
Clark, H. (2002) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(02)00017-3 · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Self-citationBavelas, J. B., Coates, L., & Johnson, T. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.941 · Cited by 829 · see citing works
Between and within: alternative sequential treatments of continuers and assessments
Goodwin, C. (1986) · Human Studies · doi:10.1007/bf00148127 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Concurrent feedback, confirmation, and the encoding of referents in verbal communication.
Krauss, R. M., & Weinheimer, S. (1966) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0023705 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
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On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜
Bender, E. M., Gebru, T., McMillan-Major, A., & Shmitchell, S. (2021) · Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3442188.3445922 · Cited by 6,988 · see citing works
Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (2007) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.05.068 · Cited by 759 · see citing works
'It's just like you talk to a friend': relational agents for older adults
Bickmore, T. W., Caruso, L., Clough-Gorr, K., & Heeren, T. (2005) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.09.002 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Zadbood, A., Chen, J., Leong, Y. C., Norman, K. A., & Hasson, U. (2016) · doi:10.1101/081208 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Zadbood, A., Chen, J., Leong, Y. C., Norman, K. A., & Hasson, U. (2017) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhx202 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Impairments of social motor coordination in schizophrenia
Varlet, M., Marin, L., Raffard, S., Schmidt, R. C., Capdevielle, D., Boulenger, J.-P., Del-Monte, J., & Bardy, B. G. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029772 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Neural Theory-of-Mind? On the Limits of Social Intelligence in Large LMs
Sap, M., Le Bras, R., Fried, D., & Choi, Y. (2022) · Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · doi:10.18653/v1/2022.emnlp-main.248 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
A shared representation of the space near oneself and others in the human premotor cortex
Brozzoli, C., Gentile, G., Bergouignan, L., & Ehrsson, H. H. (2013) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.004 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Continuous interaction with a virtual human
Reidsma, D., de Kok, I., Neiberg, D., Pammi, S. C., van Straalen, B., Truong, K., & van Welbergen, H. (2011) · Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces · doi:10.1007/s12193-011-0060-x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review
Axelsson, A., Buschmeier, H., & Skantze, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2022.744574 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Such studies have shown that non-interactive settings (which lack opportunity for feedback) result in the production of longer and less intelligible referring expressions (Krauss and Weinheimer, 1966; Clark and Krych, 2004).”
Background
- Authors
- Clark, H. H., & Krych, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Clark, Herbert H.
- ORCID
- Clark, Herbert H.
- Venue
- Journal of Memory and Language
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 62-81
- ISSN
- 0749-596X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2039207728
- Cited by
- 739
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 134.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Memory and Language (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- speech repair, gaze, head nodding, pointing, nonverbal communication, turn-taking, speaker-listener interaction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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