Autocrine activation of microglia by tumor necrosis factor-α
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) derived from activated microglia plays a critical role as an inflammatory mediator. In this study, we examined the function of TNF-alpha as an autocrine mediator in microglial activation. TNF-alpha induced TNF-alpha production by microglia through ligation of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1). TNF-alpha also increased the production of other inflammatory mediators. The activation of microglia by lipopolysaccharide is partially mediated by microglia-derived TNF-alpha. These findings suggest the existence of a positive feedback loop in the activation of microglia via TNF-alpha. This autocrine loop may be involved in the prolonged activation of microglia.
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Overactivated microglia release cytotoxic molecules, including TNF-α, which is produced by a positive feedback mechanism of autocrine activation.
“Overactivated microglia release cytotoxic molecules, including TNF-α, which is produced by a positive feedback mechanism of autocrine activation12,13.”
From TNF-alpha-induced microglia activation requires miR-342: Impact on NF-kB signaling and neurotoxicity (2020) · cites this paper as [13]
Microglia-derived TNF-α autocrine activation occurs via TNFR1 signaling pathway.
“In line with our results, Kuno et al.13 proposed the microglia-derived TNF-α autocrine activation occurs via TNFR1 signaling pathway.”
From TNF-alpha-induced microglia activation requires miR-342: Impact on NF-kB signaling and neurotoxicity (2020) · cites this paper as Kuno et al. [13]
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- Authors
- Kuno, R., Wang, J., Kawanokuchi, J., Takeuchi, H., Mizuno, T., & Suzumura, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroimmunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 89-96
- ISSN
- 0165-5728
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
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