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High cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol contribute to phosphorylation of tau protein by impairing autophagy causing learning and memory impairment in C57BL/6J mice

Wang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaona, Wang, Yushan, Liu, Wen, Wang, Lijing, Hao, Ling, Ju, Mengwei, Xiao, Rong·2022·The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
DOI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109016
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Abstract

Cholesterol and its oxidative derivative 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC), synthesized by CYP27A1, play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and phosphorylation of tau might be partly responsible for its pathogenesis. To investigate whether cholesterol and 27-OHC affected learning and memory through autophagy-mediated phosphorylation of tau, male C57BL/6J mice were administrated with 2% cholesterol diet, CYP27A1-short-hairpin RNA (CYP27A1-shRNA) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The results show that dietary cholesterol induces learning and memory impairment by upregulating the expression of brain CYP27A1 and increasing the levels of 27-OHC and 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC). The expressions of total-tau (t-tau), phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) protein, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) are also significantly upregulated in this group. In addition, reduced expressions of Beclin-1 protein and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3B) mRNA, over-expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein suggest that autophagy is impaired during cholesterol burden. However, using of CYP27A1-shRNA remarkably downregulates the expression of brain CYP27A1. Decreased 27-OHC levels in serum and brain, lower expressions of t-tau and p-tau protein are observed in mice treated with CYP27A1-shRNA+2% cholesterol diet. Furthermore, 3-MA causes lower Beclin-1, higher mTOR and p62 on both gene and protein levels, while the expression of t-tau…

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Metadata

Authors
Wang, T., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Liu, W., Wang, L., Hao, L., Ju, M., & Xiao, R.
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-08
Volume
106
Pages
109016
ISSN
0955-2863
DOI
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109016
Cited by
30
References
3
Language
en
Licence
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81330065, 81673149, 81973021)

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