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Changes in brain oxysterols at different stages of Alzheimer’s disease: Their involvement in neuroinflammation
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Elevated levels of oxysterols including 25-HC were detected in late-stage AD brains.
“Interestingly, elevated levels of oxysterols including 25-HC were detected in late-stage AD brains (Testa et al., 2016).”
From Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy (2024) · cites this paper as Testa et al., 2016
The trend of oxysterol concentrations in ApoE4 astrocytes compared to ApoE3 astrocytes is similar to that observed in human Alzheimer's disease brain cortices compared to healthy brains.
“Of note, the trend of the oxysterol concentrations in ApoE4 astrocytes compared to ApoE3 astrocytes was similar to that observed in human AD brain cortices compared to healthy brains [19], suggesting their potential implication in ApoE4 deleterious effects on AD risk.”
From ApoE3 vs. ApoE4 Astrocytes: A Detailed Analysis Provides New Insights into Differences in Cholesterol Homeostasis (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
Numerous oxysterols accumulate in the brain as AD progresses (e.g., 27-OHC, 25-OHC, 7α- and 7β-OHC, and 7-KC); conversely, 24-OHC levels drop dramatically in late stages of the disease likely due to neuronal loss.
“it has been demonstrated that numerous oxysterols accumulate in the brain as AD progresses (e.g., 27-OHC, 25-OHC, 7α- and 7β-OHC, and 7-KC); conversely, the levels of 24-OHC drop dramatically in the late stages of the disease likely due to neuronal loss [19,65].”
From ApoE3 vs. ApoE4 Astrocytes: A Detailed Analysis Provides New Insights into Differences in Cholesterol Homeostasis (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
Changes in oxysterol levels in the brain could be one of the factors contributing to AD progression.
“Considerable evidence indicates that changes in oxysterol levels in the brain could be one of the factors contributing to AD progression.”
From ApoE3 vs. ApoE4 Astrocytes: A Detailed Analysis Provides New Insights into Differences in Cholesterol Homeostasis (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
The changes in oxysterol levels in ApoE4 astrocytes somehow reflect some of those occurring in the AD brain (i.e., 24-OHC decrease, 27-OHC and 25-OHC increase).
“Results showed that the changes in oxysterol levels in ApoE4 astrocytes somehow reflect some of those occurring in the AD brain (i.e., 24-OHC decrease, 27-OHC and 25-OHC increase) [19]”
From ApoE3 vs. ApoE4 Astrocytes: A Detailed Analysis Provides New Insights into Differences in Cholesterol Homeostasis (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
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“Besides changes in oxysterol levels, it has also become evident that inflammation and oxidative stress are self-reinforcing during AD progression: inflammation can be triggered or enhanced by oxidative stress, through activation of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-κB, and vice versa [14,23].”
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“Thus it is likely that reduced levels of 24-OH may accelerate disease progression, and that the increased levels of 27-OH may be insufficient to compensate for this: the shift in balance between the two oxysterols might lead to increased generation and accumulation of Aβ and NFT with consequent neurodegeneration [16,2…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Testa, G., Staurenghi, E., Zerbinati, C., Gargiulo, S., Iuliano, L., Giaccone, G., Fantò, F., Poli, G., Leonarduzzi, G., & Gamba, P.
- Venue
- Redox Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 24-33
- ISSN
- 2213-2317
- PMC
- PMC5040635
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 17
- Language
- en
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