Cited by 142Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationIon Channels and Receptors

Age and race effects on pain sensitivity and modulation among middle-aged and older adults

Open access
Riley, Joseph L., Cruz-Almeida, Yenisel, Glover, Toni L., King, Christopher D., Goodin, Burel R., Sibille, Kimberly T., Bartley, Emily J., Herbert, Matthew S. +6 more·2014·The Journal of Pain

Abstract

Unlabelled This study tested the effects of aging and race on responses to noxious stimuli using a wide range of stimulus modalities. The participants were 53 non-Hispanic blacks and 138 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 45 to 76 years. The participants completed a single 3-hour sensory testing session where responses to thermal, mechanical, and cold stimuli were assessed. The results suggest that there are selected age differences, with the older group less sensitive to warm and painful heat stimuli than middle-aged participants, particularly at the knee. This site effect supports the hypothesis that the greatest decrement in pain sensitivity associated with aging occurs in the lower extremities. In addition, there were several instances where age and race effects were compounded, resulting in greater race differences in pain sensitivity among the older participants. Overall, the data suggest that previously reported race differences in pain sensitivity emerged in our older samples, and this study contributes new findings in that these differences may increase with age in non-Hispanic blacks for temporal summation and both heat and cold immersion tolerance. We have added to the aging and pain literature by reporting several small to moderate differences in responses to heat stimuli between middle- and older-age adults.Perspective This study found that the greatest decline in pain sensitivity with aging occurs in the lower extremities. In addition, race differences in pain sensitivity observed in younger adults were also found in our older sample.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.10.015

Cites

52 of 52 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Age-related changes in sensory and immune function, as well as central and peripheral changes in nervous system structure, can contribute to both pain and functional decline among older adults.

    “Age-related changes in sensory (i.e., increased central sensitization, pain facilitation, reduced pain inhibition)(Cruz-Almeida, Sibille, Goodin, Petrov, Bartley, Riley, III, King, Glover, Sotolongo, Herbert, Schmidt, Fessler, Staud, Redden, Bradley, and Fillingim 2014;Riley, III, Cruz-Almeida, Glover, King, Goodin, Sibille, Bartley, Herbert, Sotolongo, Fessler, Redden, Staud, Bradley, and Filling”

    From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Riley, III, Cruz-Almeida, Glover, King, Goodin, Sibille, Bartley, Herbert, Sotolongo, Fessler, Redden, Staud, Bradley, and Fillingim 2014

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Riley, J. L., Cruz-Almeida, Y., Glover, T. L., King, C. D., Goodin, B. R., Sibille, K. T., Bartley, E. J., Herbert, M. S., Sotolongo, A., Fessler, B. J., Redden, D. T., Staud, R., Bradley, L. A., & Fillingim, R. B.
Affiliations
  • University of Florida Health (US)
  • University of Florida (US)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University of Alabama (US)
Corresponding author
Riley, Joseph L.
Venue
The Journal of Pain
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-03
Volume
15
Issue
3
Pages
272-282
ISSN
1526-5900 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2057166679
Cited by
142
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 5
FWCI
9.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Pfizer
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01ag033906-10, UL1TR000064, UL1TR000165)
  • Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UL1 TR000165)
  • National Institute on Aging (L30 AG040467, R-01-AG-033906, L30 AG043172, R01AG039659, P30AG028740, P30AG031054)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (T32NS045551)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K23AR062099)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
Keywords
aging, racial differences, pain sensitivity, pain modulation, thermal pain, cold pain, temporal summation, pain tolerance, lower limb pain, knee joint, non-Hispanic Black adults, middle-aged adults, older adults
MeSH terms
Aged, Aging, Cold Temperature, Female, Forearm, Hot Temperature, Humans, Hyperalgesia, Knee, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Physical Stimulation, Pain Threshold, Black People, White People

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review