Cited by 119Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPhysical Activity and HealthCardiac Health and Mental Health

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The acute antipanic and anxiolytic activity of aerobic exercise in patients with panic disorder and healthy control subjects

Ströhle, Andreas, Graetz, Barbara, Scheel, Michael, Wittmann, André, Feller, Christian, Heinz, Andreas, Dimeo, Fernando·2009·Journal of Psychiatric Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.02.004

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Abstract

Regular physical activity is anxiolytic in both healthy subjects and patients with panic disorder. In contrast, acute exercise may induce acute panic attacks or increase subjective anxiety in patients with panic disorder more than in other people. The effects of quiet rest or an aerobic treadmill exercise (30 min at an intensity of 70% of the maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max) on cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) induced panic attacks were studied in a crossover design in 12 patients with panic disorder and 12 matched healthy subjects. The effects of CCK-4 (25 microg in patients and 50 microg in control subjects) were measured with the Acute Panic Inventory (API) score, comparing panic attack frequencies, total score, and subscores for anxiety and somatic symptoms. CCK-4-induced panic attacks were less frequent after prior exercise: they occurred in 15 (62.5%) subjects after rest (9 patients and 6 control subjects), but only 5 (20.8%) subjects after exercise (4 patients and 1 control subject). In both conditions, CCK-4 administration induced a significant increase in the total API score and the anxiety and somatic symptoms subsores. However, compared to prior rest, exercise resulted in a significantly reduced CCK-4-induced increase of the total API score and the anxiety subscore. In patients with panic disorder exercise increased the total API score and the somatic symptoms subscale but not the anxiety subscore. Patients with panic disorder showed increased somatic but not anxiety symptoms after an acute bout of exercise. Severity of CCK-4-induced panic and anxiety, on the other hand was reduced by exercise. These findings suggest that in addition to exercise training an acute bout of exercise may be used to reduce anxiety and panic attack frequency and intensity in panic disorder patients.

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Authors: Ströhle, A., Graetz, B., Scheel, M., Wittmann, A., Feller, C., Heinz, A., & Dimeo, F.
Affiliations: Stiftung Charité (DE)
Corresponding author: Ströhle, Andreas
ORCID: Ströhle, Andreas
Scheel, Michael
Heinz, Andreas
Venue: Journal of Psychiatric Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-08
Volume: 43
Issue: 12
Pages: 1013-1017
ISSN: 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.02.004
OpenAlex: W2000454500
Cited by: 119
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 10.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Keywords: panic disorder, aerobic exercise, acute exercise, CCK-4, anxiolytic effects, anxiety, somatic symptoms, treadmill exercise, physical activity
MeSH terms: Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Pain Measurement, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Somatoform Disorders, Tetragastrin, Exercise

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The acute antipanic and anxiolytic activity of aerobic exercise in patients with panic disorder and healthy control subjects

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