The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Are there civic returns to education?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments
Staiger, D., & Stock, J. (1994) · doi:10.3386/t0151 · Cited by 5,302
Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects
Imbens, G. W., & Angrist, J. D. (1994) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2951620 · Cited by 4,101
The Effect of Education on Crime: Evidence from Prison Inmates, Arrests, and Self-Reports
Lochner, L., & Moretti, E. (2004) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/000282804322970751 · Cited by 2,032
Empirical Strategies in Labor Economics
Angrist, J. D., & Krueger, A. B. (1999) · Handbook of Labor Economics · doi:10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03004-7 · Cited by 1,628
Bound, J., Jaeger, D. A., & Baker, R. M. (1995) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2291055 · Cited by 1,018
Cited by
On the promotion of human flourishing
VanderWeele, T. J. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1702996114 · Cited by 1,387
Priceless: The Nonpecuniary Benefits of Schooling
Oreopoulos, P., & Salvanes, K. G. (2011) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.25.1.159 · Cited by 963
Van de Werfhorst, H. G., & Mijs, J. J. B. (2010) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102538 · Cited by 801
Pischke, J. (2007) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02080.x · Cited by 294
Dynarski, S., Hyman, J., & Schanzenbach, D. W. (2013) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.1002/pam.21715 · Cited by 223
Metadata
- Authors
- Dee, T. S.
- Venue
- Journal of Public Economics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 9-10
- Pages
- 1697-1720
- ISSN
- 0047-2727 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3025525792
- Cited by
- 866
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 130.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.