The relation between perceived sensory dimensions of urban green space and stress restoration
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Nature areas appear to act as catalysts, necessary in accelerating the processing of crises so that reorientation is achieved faster.
“Instorative effects are about how nature areas appear to act as catalysts, necessary in accelerating the processing of crises so that reorientation is achieved faster (Stigsdotter and Grahn, 2002, 2003; Grahn et al., 2010).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
Through embodied cognition, sensory experiences of impressions from the environment can present a sense that can guide further actions.
“Through embodied cognition, sensory experiences of impressions from the environment can present a sense that can guide further actions (Gibson, 1979; Balcetis and Cole, 2009; Grahn et al., 2010; Ottosson et al., 2015; Adevi et al., 2018).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
After a few weeks in nature-based therapy, if certain conditions are met regarding security and trust in the place of therapy, participants begin to be open to communication, they are attuned, and communication through emotions, intuition, and cognition can start.
“After a few weeks in nature-based therapy, if certain conditions are met regarding security and trust in the place of therapy, things start to happen: Participants begin to be open to communication, they are attuned, and communication through emotions, intuition, and cognition can start (Ottosson, 2007; Grahn et al., 2010; Sahlin et al., 2012; Pálsdóttir et al., 2014; Spring, 2016).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
A person's "scope of meaning" forms the framework for and guides the person's "internal working model."
“That is, a person’s “scope of meaning” forms the framework for and guides the person’s “internal working model.””
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
During a life crisis, the person's entire scope of meaning changes or even collapses, which means that it needs to be rebuilt.
“This means that the person’s entire scope of meaning changes or even collapses, which means that it needs to be rebuilt (Ottosson, 2007; Grahn et al., 2010; Stigsdotter et al., 2011).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
The memories of traumatic experiences persist, but the emotional links are transformed from being very stressful to being calming.
“The memories of the traumatic experiences persist, but the emotional links are transformed from being very stressful to being calming (Ottosson, 2007; Grahn et al., 2010).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
Individuals with insecure attachments may experience good consolation by companion animals and/or places in nature, since they do not have any memories of inconstant and insecure emotional attachment to these objects.
“In fact, individuals with insecure attachments may experience good consolation by companion animals and/or places in nature, since they do not have any memories of inconstant and insecure emotional attachment to these objects (Grahn et al., 2010; Sahlin et al., 2012; Pálsdóttir et al., 2014).”
From The Oxytocinergic System as a Mediator of Anti-stress and Instorative Effects Induced by Nature: The Calm and Connection Theory (2021) · cites this paper as Grahn et al., 2010
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Nutsford, D., Pearson, A. L., & Kingham, S. (2013) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2013.08.016 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Douglas, O., Lennon, M., & Scott, M. (2017) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2017.03.011 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
“(Astell-Burt et al., 2013; Grahn & Stigsdotter, 2010) Increase proximity, exposure and access opportunities to a variety of different types of green spaces (sizes, configurations and attributes) to supply diversity of experiences and choice.”
BackgroundAnguelovski, I., Brand, A. L., Connolly, J. J. T., Corbera, E., Kotsila, P., Steil, J., Garcia-Lamarca, M., Triguero-Mas, M., Cole, H., Baró, F., et al. (2020) · Annals of the American Association of Geographers · doi:10.1080/24694452.2020.1740579 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Stress recovery and restorative effects of viewing different urban park scenes in Shanghai, China
Wang, X., Rodiek, S., Wu, C., Chen, Y., & Li, Y. (2016) · Urban Forestry & Urban Greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2015.12.003 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Völker, S., & Kistemann, T. (2015) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.10.015 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Nature based solution for improving mental health and well-being in urban areas
Vujcic, M., Tomicevic-Dubljevic, J., Grbic, M., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Vukovic, O., & Toskovic, O. (2017) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.030 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
A systematic review of the health and well-being benefits of biodiverse environments.
Lovell, R., Wheeler, B. W., Higgins, S. L., Irvine, K. N., & Depledge, M. H. (2014) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B · doi:10.1080/10937404.2013.856361 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Stigsdotter, U. K., Corazon, S. S., Sidenius, U., Refshauge, A. D., & Grahn, P. (2017) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.11.012 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Self-citationThe affective benefits of nature exposure
Bratman, G. N., Olvera‐Alvarez, H. A., & Gross, J. J. (2021) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12630 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Scopelliti, M., Carrus, G., Adinolfi, C., Suarez, G., Colangelo, G., Lafortezza, R., Panno, A., & Sanesi, G. (2016) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.002 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Gaekwad, J. S., Sal Moslehian, A., Roös, P. B., & Walker, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.750245 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Stressed individuals’ preferences for activities and environmental characteristics in green spaces
Stigsdotter, U. K., & Grahn, P. (2011) · Urban Forestry & Urban Greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2011.07.001 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationNature-based therapeutic interventions
Stigsdotter, U. K., Palsdottir, A. M., Burls, A., Chermaz, A., Ferrini, F., & Grahn, P. (2011) · Forests, Trees and Human Health · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9806-1_11 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, H., Browning, M. H. E. M., Rigolon, A., Larson, L. R., Taff, D., Labib, S. M., Benfield, J., Yuan, S., McAnirlin, O., Hatami, N., et al. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159292 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Pálsdóttir, A., Persson, D., Persson, B., & Grahn, P. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph110707094 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationCleary, A., Roiko, A., Burton, N. W., Fielding, K. S., Murray, Z., & Turrell, G. (2019) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102201 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Weimann, H., Rylander, L., Albin, M., Skärbäck, E., Grahn, P., Östergren, P.-O., & Björk, J. (2015) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.02.003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationGrahn, P., Ottosson, J., & Uvnäs-Moberg, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.617814 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“These gardens have been designed to contain many qualities (Stigsdotter and Grahn, 2002, 2003; Ivarsson and Grahn, 2010; Sahlin et al., 2012; Pálsdóttir et al., 2018).”
BackgroundSelf-citation“Green exercise, health and well-being,”
Loureiro, A., & Veloso, S. (2017) · International Handbooks of Quality-of-Life · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31416-7_8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Zhang, J., Jin, J., & Liang, Y. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16020707 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Adevi, A. A., Uvnäs-Moberg, K., & Grahn, P. (2018) · Urban Forestry & Urban Greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2018.02.010 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Grahn, P., & Stigsdotter, U. K.
- Affiliations
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Grahn, Patrik
- Venue
- Landscape and Urban Planning
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 264-275
- ISSN
- 0169-2046 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076707496
- Cited by
- 923
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 86 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 13.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Landscape and Urban Planning (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Urban Arborization and Environmental Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Urban and spatial planning
- Keywords
- urban green space, restorative environments, refuge, nature, species richness, social presence, public mental health, urban planning
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