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Warning for excessive positivity: Authentic leadership and other traps in leadership studies

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Alvesson, Mats, Einola, Katja·2019·The Leadership Quarterly

DOI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.04.001

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Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership
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Authentic Leadership: Development and Validation of a Theory-Based Measure†
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206307308913 · Cited by 3,471
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Bass, B. M., & Steidlmeier, P. (1999) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(99)00016-8 · Cited by 2,528
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Antonakis, J., Bendahan, S., Jacquart, P., & Lalive, R. (2010) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.10.010 · Cited by 2,441
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Trilling, L. (1972) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/9780674044463 · Cited by 2,079
An evaluation of conceptual weaknesses in transformational and charismatic leadership theories
Yukl, G. (1999) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(99)00013-2 · Cited by 2,058
TARGET ARTICLE: Toward a Conceptualization of Optimal Self-Esteem
Kernis, M. H. (2003) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1401_01 · Cited by 1,683 · cited 1×
““Self” is a philosophical or psychological concept (see also Kernis, 2003) whereas “role” is a response to external expectations.”
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Personality at the crossroads : current issues in interactional psychology
Magnusson, D., & Endler, N. S. (1977) · Lawrence Erlbaum Associates eBooks · Cited by 1,460
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“It involves dealing with norms, struggling with ideals, values and pressures and managing meaning, and calls for insightfulness, negotiation and pragmatism in the search for the common good (cf. Alvesson and Einola, 2019).”
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“Third, given the importance of authenticity in HEIs (Kreber 2010) and since AL has been considered as a ‘ root ’ of other positive styles of leadership (Alvesson and Einola 2019; Avolio and Gardner 2005), this study focused on only one leadership style, i.e. authentic , among a series of others.”
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“AL is transparent, but complete openness is not always appropriate or practical in some organizational situations (Alvesson & Einola, 2019).”
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Authentic Leadership on Employee Coping and Its Impact on Psychological Vulnerable: Survey on Public Organization in Bandung, Indonesia
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“(Alvesson & Einola, 2019) Liu et al., (2017) showed that directions offer various solutions for employees to face recent and future challenges.”
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“The panel was not concerned with debating the pros and cons of authentic leadership in theory and in practice as that is already well-rehearsed in the literature (e.g., Alvesson and Einola, 2019).”
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Effect of Technological Insecurity on Performance Through Emotional Exhaustion
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“Although these leadership theories have their practical appeal in management, they might be based on an idealized ideology only limitedly offering a qualified understanding of organizational life (Alvesson & Einola, 2019).”
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“Not according to Alvesson and Einola (2019), who encourage us to challenge the dual assumptions that authentic leaders are both good and effective.”
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“Repackaged as ‘positive scholarship’, a theoretical approach where agency invariably leads to ‘good’ outcomes, it mirrors a general stance in social science (Alvesson and Einola, 2019).”
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Managerial taboos: How the ideal of a manager may harm people and organizations
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“With the emphasis on authenticity, which is often used as a synonym for honesty and sincerity, Alvesson and Einola (2019, 2024) point out that authentic leadership as one representative form among many positively framed and flawed leadership research is thought to capture great leadership acts…”
Transparency of the Concepts of Directing and Leadership in Organizational Leadership Theory based on Critical Hermeneutics Theory
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“…informal contextually rooted and goal influencing process that occurs between a leader and follower, groups of followers, or institutions influencing 39 (Alvesson & Einola, 2019) Purposeful and regular influence of subordinates in order to achieve specific work-related goals with relational nature.”
Background
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“As a consequence, leadership has become the most researched social phenomenon, and it is critical to the success of commercial and non-profit organisation operations (Alvesson & Einola, 2019).”
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The Role of Physiology, Affect, Behavior and Cognition in Leader Character Activation: A Music Intervention
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“The potential for a virtue to operate like a vice is perhaps the missing piece in understanding the dynamic of “excessive pos-itivity” (Alvesson & Einola, 2019) and the “too much of a good thing” (Antonakis et al., 2017; Busse et al., 2016) effect where researchers identify that there is a…”
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“When leaders treat their followers with trust and admiration, cooperation and openness develop among them (Alvesson & Einola, 2019; Shami, Rasool, Syed, Mirza, & Ali, 2021).”
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The UN Sustainable Development Goals in Education and Well-Being in Need of Authentic Leadership
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“Beyond the simple implausibility and excessive positivity (Alvesson, 2020; Alvesson & Einola, 2019) of characteris‑ ing business leadership as radically and divinely benevolent, reading leadership through the lens of agapeic love intro‑ duces a more troubling inference.”
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“Popular positive leadership theories (ethical leadership, authentic leadership, servant leadership) have been criticized as being too idealistic and out of touch with organizational practice (Alvesson & Einola, 2019).”
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Authors: Alvesson, M., & Einola, K.
Affiliations: Lund University (SE)
Hanken School of Economics (FI)
Corresponding author: Alvesson, Mats
ORCID: Alvesson, Mats
Einola, Katja
Venue: The Leadership Quarterly
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-08
Volume: 30
Issue: 4
Pages: 383-395
ISSN: 1048-9843 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.04.001
OpenAlex: W2940826307
Cited by: 412
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 57 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 10
FWCI: 67.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: The Leadership Quarterly (publishedVersion)
Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
Keywords: authentic leadership, positive leadership, tautology, measurement instruments, transformational leadership, servant leadership, ethical leadership, spiritual leadership, corporate life

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