Telomere shortening during aging: attenuation by antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents
Open accessAbstract
Telomeres are a repeated sequence -of bases found at the ends of chromosomes. In humans, this sequence is TTAGGG, which is repeated over 2000 times. Telomeres protect the ends chromosomes from fusion with nearby chromosomes, and allow effective replication of DNA. Each time a cell divides, 25-200 base pairs are lost from the terminal sequence of chromosomes. By becoming truncated during cell division, telomeres protect essential genes from being shortened and thus inactivated. In addition, telomeres are sensitive to inflammation and oxidative stress, which can further promote telomere shortening. Reduction in the length of telomeres leads to the cessation of cell division and thus cellular senescence and apoptosis. This review discusses evidence for the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in regulating the length of telomeres in mammalian cells during senescence. Evidence is presented suggesting that antioxidants and anti-inflammatories can reduce the pace of shortening of telomere length during aging. The distinctive properties of transformed cells suggest that treatment with such materials will have a deleterious rather than a protective effect on such abnormal cells.
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Interventions that reduce stress-related psychopathology effects or target telomere length may improve physical and mental health by attenuating telomere erosion or increasing telomerase activity.
“Interventions designed to reduce the stress-related effects of psychopathology or target telomere length directly (e.g. exercise, meditation, and antioxidants) may engender positive effects on physical and mental health by attenuating telomere erosion and/or increasing telomerase activity.48–50”
From Telomere Length and Psychopathology: Specificity and Direction of Effects Within the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (2020) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Prasad, K. N., Wu, M., & Bondy, S. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bondy, Stephen C.
- Venue
- Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 164
- Pages
- 61-66
- ISSN
- 0047-6374 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2606918260
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 1.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- escholarship.org
- Locations
- Mechanisms of Ageing and Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- telomere shortening, aging, oxidative stress, inflammation, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, cellular senescence, apoptosis, telomere length, transformed cells, TTAGGG repeats
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Humans, Telomere, Cellular Senescence, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, Telomere Homeostasis
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