Antimicrobial resistance acquisition via natural transformation: context is everything
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Natural transformation is a process where bacterial cells actively take up free DNA from the environment and recombine it into their genome or reconvert it into extra-chromosomal genetic elements. Although this mechanism is known to mediate the uptake of antibiotic resistance determinants in a range of human pathogens, its importance in the spread of antimicrobial resistance is not always appreciated. This review highlights the context in which transformation takes place: in diverse microbiomes, in interaction with other forms of horizontal gene transfer and in increasingly polluted environments. This examination of the abiotic and biotic drivers of transformation reveals that it could be more important in the dissemination of resistance genes than is often recognised.
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Even in the absence of risk of conjugal transfer of non-intrinsic AR genes, there is also a possibility of transfer via transformation of naked DNA or transduction via phage.
“Even in the absence of risk of conjugal transfer of non-intrinsic AR genes, there is also a possibility of transfer via transformation of naked DNA46, 47 or transduction via phage.48”
From Emerging issues in probiotic safety: 2023 perspectives (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- Winter, M., Buckling, A., Harms, K., Johnsen, P. J., & Vos, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Exeter (GB)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Vos, Michiel
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-12
- Volume
- 64
- Pages
- 133-138
- ISSN
- 1369-5274 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3210722906
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Research Council of Norway (275672)
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/T008083/1, NE/S007504/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Keywords
- natural transformation, antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic resistance determinants, horizontal gene transfer, microbiome, environmental pollution, human pathogens, extrachromosomal elements
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Humans, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Drug Resistance, Bacterial
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