The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Helminth immunoregulation: The role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity
Open accessAbstract
Helminths are masterful immunoregulators. A characteristic feature of helminth infection is a Th2-dominated immune response, but stimulation of immunoregulatory cell populations, such as regulatory T cells and alternatively activated macrophages, is equally common. Typically, Th1/17 immunity is blocked and productive effector responses are muted, allowing survival of the parasite in a "modified Th2" environment. Drug treatment to clear the worms reverses the immunoregulatory effects, indicating that a state of active suppression is maintained by the parasite. Hence, research has focussed on "excretory-secretory" products released by live parasites, which can interfere with every aspect of host immunity from initial recognition to end-stage effector mechanisms. In this review, we survey our knowledge of helminth secreted molecules, and summarise current understanding of the growing number of individual helminth mediators that have been shown to target key receptors or pathways in the mammalian immune system.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Reciprocal T H 17 and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Mediated by Retinoic Acid
Mucida, D., Park, Y., Kim, G., Turovskaya, O., Scott, I., Kronenberg, M., & Cheroutre, H. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1145697 · Cited by 1,982
A Novel Host-Parasite Lipid Cross-talk
van der Kleij, D., Latz, E., Brouwers, J. F. H. M., Kruize, Y. C. M., Schmitz, M., Kurt-Jones, E. A., Espevik, T., de Jong, E. C., Kapsenberg, M. L., Golenbock, D. T., et al. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m206941200 · Cited by 587
A hookworm glycoprotein that inhibits neutrophil function is a ligand of the integrin CD11b/CD18
Moyle, M., Foster, D. L., McGrath, D. E., Brown, S. M., Laroche, Y., De Meutter, J., Stanssens, P., Bogowitz, C. A., Fried, V. A., & Ely, J. A. (1994) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36982-x · Cited by 253 · cited 1×
“caninum SCP-1 protein, neutrophil inhibitory factor (NIF), binds the host integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and is able to inhibit neutrophil function, including oxidative burst [154,155].”
BackgroundManoury, B., Gregory, W. F., Maizels, R. M., & Watts, C. (2001) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00118-x · Cited by 223
Self-citationSchramm, G., Mohrs, K., Wodrich, M., Doenhoff, M. J., Pearce, E. J., Haas, H., & Mohrs, M. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6023 · Cited by 163
Gomez-Escobar, N., Gregory, W. F., & Maizels, R. M. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.11.6402-6410.2000 · Cited by 162
Self-citationSchistosoma mansoni secretes a chemokine binding protein with antiinflammatory activity
Smith, P., Fallon, R. E., Mangan, N. E., Walsh, C. M., Saraiva, M., Sayers, J. R., McKenzie, A. N. J., Alcami, A., & Fallon, P. G. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050955 · Cited by 160
Culley, F. J., Brown, A., Conroy, D. M., Sabroe, I., Pritchard, D. I., & Williams, T. J. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.11.6447 · Cited by 138 · cited 2×
“[21] Culley FJ, Brown A, Conroy DM, Sabroe I, Pritchard DI, Williams TJ.”
BackgroundHomologues of Human Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor from a Parasitic Nematode
Zang, X., Taylor, P., Wang, J. M., Meyer, D. J., Scott, A. L., Walkinshaw, M. D., & Maizels, R. M. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m204655200 · Cited by 108
Self-citationPrieto-Lafuente, L., Gregory, W. F., Allen, J. E., & Maizels, R. M. (2009) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0808459 · Cited by 79
Self-citation
Cited by
Diversity and dialogue in immunity to helminths
Allen, J. E., & Maizels, R. M. (2011) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2992 · Cited by 831
Self-citationHelminth infections and host immune regulation
McSorley, H. J., & Maizels, R. M. (2012) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.05040-11 · Cited by 499
Self-citationGrainger, J. R., Smith, K. A., Hewitson, J. P., McSorley, H. J., Harcus, Y., Filbey, K. J., Finney, C. A. M., Greenwood, E. J. D., Knox, D. P., Wilson, M. S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20101074 · Cited by 469
Self-citationMa, G., Holland, C. V., Wang, T., Hofmann, A., Fan, C.-K., Maizels, R. M., Hotez, P. J., & Gasser, R. B. (2018) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30331-6 · Cited by 420
Self-citationJex, A. R., Liu, S., Li, B., Young, N. D., Hall, R. S., Li, Y., Yang, L., Zeng, N., Xu, X., Xiong, Z., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10553 · Cited by 276
Metadata
- Authors
- Hewitson, J. P., Grainger, J. R., & Maizels, R. M.
- Venue
- Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 167
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 0166-6851 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054080213
- Cited by
- 727
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 28.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Helminth immunoregulation: The role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.008
- The paper
- Hewitson, J. P., Grainger, J. R., & Maizels, R. M. (2009). Helminth immunoregulation: The role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.008
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
