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Senataxin Mutation Reveals How R-Loops Promote Transcription by Blocking DNA Methylation at Gene Promoters

Open access
Grunseich, Christopher, Wang, Isabel X., Watts, Jason A., Burdick, Joshua T., Guber, Robert D., Zhu, Zhengwei, Bruzel, Alan, Lanman, Tyler, Chen, Kelian, Schindler, Alice B., Edwards, Nancy, Ray-Chaudhury, Abhik, Yao, Jianhua, Lehky, Tanya, Piszczek, Grzegorz, Crain, Barbara, Fischbeck, Kenneth H., Cheung, Vivian G.·2018·Molecular Cell

Abstract

Summary R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures found abundantly, and yet often viewed as by-products of transcription. Studying cells from patients with a motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 4, ALS4) due to a mutation in senataxin, we uncovered how R-loops promote transcription. In ALS4 patients, the senataxin mutation depletes R-loops with a consequent effect on gene expression. With fewer R-loops in ALS4 cells, the expression of BAMBI, a negative regulator of TGFβ, is reduced that then leads to the activation of the TGFβ pathway. We uncovered that genomewide R-loops influence promoter methylation of over 1,200 human genes. DNA methyl-transferase 1 favors binding to double-stranded DNA over R-loops. Thus, in forming R-loops, nascent RNA blocks DNA methylation and promotes further transcription. Hence, our results show that nucleic acid structures in addition to sequences influence the binding and activity of regulatory proteins.

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Metadata

Authors
Grunseich, C., Wang, I. X., Watts, J. A., Burdick, J. T., Guber, R. D., Zhu, Z., Bruzel, A., Lanman, T., Chen, K., Schindler, A. B., Edwards, N., Ray-Chaudhury, A., Yao, J., Lehky, T., Piszczek, G., Crain, B., Fischbeck, K. H., & Cheung, V. G.
Venue
Molecular Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-02
Volume
69
Issue
3
Pages
426-437.e7
ISSN
1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2782517010
Cited by
234
References
6
FWCI
7.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Senataxin Mutation Reveals How R-Loops Promote Transcription by Blocking DNA Methylation at Gene Promoters. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.12.030
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Grunseich, C., Wang, I. X., Watts, J. A., Burdick, J. T., Guber, R. D., Zhu, Z., Bruzel, A., Lanman, T., Chen, K., Schindler, A. B., Edwards, N., Ray-Chaudhury, A., Yao, J., Lehky, T., Piszczek, G., Crain, B., Fischbeck, K. H., & Cheung, V. G. (2018). Senataxin Mutation Reveals How R-Loops Promote Transcription by Blocking DNA Methylation at Gene Promoters. Molecular Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.12.030

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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