A fluorophore-conjugated reagent enabling rapid detection, isolation and live tracking of senescent cells
Open accessAbstract
Cellular senescence is a stress-response mechanism implicated in various physiological processes, diseases, and aging. Current detection approaches have partially addressed the issue of senescent cell identification in clinical specimens. Effective methodologies enabling precise isolation or live tracking of senescent cells are still lacking. In-depth analysis of truly senescent cells is, therefore, an extremely challenging task. We report (1) the synthesis and validation of a fluorophore-conjugated, Sudan Black-B analog (GLF16), suitable for in vivo and in vitro analysis of senescence by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and (2) the development and application of a GLF16-carrying micelle vector facilitating GLF16 uptake by living senescent cells in vivo and in vitro. The compound and the applied methodology render isolation of senescent cells an easy, rapid, and precise process. Straightforward nanocarrier-mediated GLF16 delivery in live senescent cells comprises a unique tool for characterization of senescence at an unprecedented depth.
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Both glial cells capable of proliferation and postmitotic neurons can express markers of cellular senescence in aging, obesity, traumatic injury, and neurodegeneration.
“Both proliferation-competent glial cells (which constitute approximately 50% of brain cells) and postmitotic neurons can be positive for markers of cellular senescence in aging, obesity, traumatic injury, and neurodegeneration31,45–49, among other conditions.”
From Guidelines for minimal information on cellular senescence experimentation in vivo (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
The paper’s sections on senescence model systems and live-cell delivery describe cell lines, airway organoids, tumors, and lung tissue, not senescence markers in glial cells or neurons. Searches for glia, neurons, brain, obesity, traumatic injury, and neurodegeneration found no passage addressing the attributed claim; an Alzheimer’s-related title appears only in the References (page unavailable). (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSenescence markers have been demonstrated in post-mitotic cells.
“while the presence of senescence markers has been proven even in post-mitotic cells”
From Guidelines for minimal information on cellular senescence experimentation in vivo (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
The Discussion describes senescence markers and detection in cell cultures and murine models, but the passages found do not identify the cells as post-mitotic. Searches for post-mitotic cells and for nondividing cell types did not find a passage establishing the claimed point. (LLM, conf=0.70)
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Self-citationMagkouta, S., Veroutis, D., Pousias, A., Papaspyropoulos, A., Giannetti, K., Pippa, Ν., Lougiakis, N., Kambas, K., Lаgopati, N., Polyzou, A., et al. (2024) · STAR Protocols · doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102929 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationElectrophilic compound screening identifies GPX4-dependent ferroptosis as a senescence vulnerability
D’Ambrosio, M., White, M. E. H., Gavriil, E.-S., Bousset, L., Birch, J., Gruevska, A., Pasquini, E., Colucci, M., Fong, W., Mosole, S., et al. (2026) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-026-01921-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationImmune cell senescence drives responsiveness to immunotherapy in melanoma
Pantelis, P., Tremoulis, D. C., Evangelou, K., Bakouros, P., Magkouta, S., Ntintas, O. A., Veroutis, D., Theocharous, G., Kostopoulos, I. V., Thanos, D.-F., et al. (2025) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-025-02517-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationInterrogating the regulatory epigenome of cellular senescence
Thanos, D.-F., Ntintas, O. A., Athanasiadis, E. I., Papaspyropoulos, A., Petty, R., & Gorgoulis, V. G. (2025) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-025-05848-w · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationOverview of molecular signatures of senescence and associated resources: pros and cons
Ntintas, O. A., Vagena, S., Pantelis, P., Theocharous, G., Petty, R., Evangelou, K., & Gorgoulis, V. G. (2026) · FEBS Open Bio · doi:10.1002/2211-5463.70134 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationAnerillas, C., Altés, G., Gresova, K., Tsitsipatis, D., Mazan-Mamczarz, K., Banarjee, R., Cunningham, A. S. G., Salamini-Montemurri, M., Yang, J.-H., Munk, R., et al. (2026) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2026.05.017 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Menéndez, J. A., Lupu, R., Martı́n-Castillo, B., Josep Sardanyés, A., Alarcón, T., Verdura, S., & Cuyàs, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1695244 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A Reporter Platform to Study Therapy‐Induced Senescence in Live Cancer Cells
van de Grint, J., Huang, M., Sangers, R., Odijk, H., Reuvers, T. G. A., Heredia‐Genestar, J. M., Raams, A., Kan, T. W., Pothof, J., Kanaar, R., et al. (2025) · Small Methods · doi:10.1002/smtd.202501270 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Logotheti, S., Vasilopoulos, S. N., Tremi, I., Gkikoudi, A., Fragkos, M., Pavlopoulou, A., Havaki, S., & Georgakilas, A. G. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Emerging Role of Senolysis in Atherosclerosis
Vagena, S., Theocharous, G., Theodorou, A., Pantelis, P., Gravanis, M., Tscheuschner, L., Theodorou, A., Galyfos, G. C., Sigala, F., Lаgopati, N., et al. (2025) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina61122137 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationInterpreting the Theranostic Applications of Alumina and Silica Substrates in Cancer
Thanos, D.-F., Pantelis, P., Theocharous, G., Vagena, S., Kyriakopoulou, C., Pantelidis, G., Markatou, M., Pliakostamou, M., Papanikolaou, N., Tomou, E., et al. (2026) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules31030428 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular mechanisms and recent advances in cellular senescence
Hussain, A., Tatar, M., & Gong, R. (2026) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-026-01596-x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Current Methodologies to Assess Cellular Senescence in Cancer
Laouris, P., & Muñoz‐Espín, D. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
In Situ and In Silico Methods for Senescence Identification in Human Liver Diseases
Evangelou, K., Belogiannis, K., Pantelis, P., Liaropoulos, G., Skaltsas, D., Sakellariou, S., Sampaziotis, F., & Gorgoulis, V. G. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationDetection and Characterization of Senescent Cells with Flow Cytometry
Bakouros, P., Archavli, A., Kostopoulos, I. V., Terpos, E., Kastritis, E., Dimopoulos, M. A., Tsitsilonis, O., & Rousakis, P. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Understanding Cellular Senescence and Senotherapeutics for Nutri-geriatric Solutions
Chawla, S., Bhattacharya, S., & Gupta, A. (2025) · Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal · doi:10.13005/bpj/3214 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Integrative Omics Reveal Female‐Specific Benefits of p16 + Cell Clearance in Aging Mice
Lin, Y., Wang, B., Huang, M., Wolters, J. C., & Demaria, M. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202509444 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationMirroring tissue senescence in human biofluids
Gorgoulis, V. G., & Chrousos, G. P. (2026) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-026-01112-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationStudying Cellular Senescence Using the Model Organism Drosophila melanogaster
Louka, X. P., Gumeni, S., & Trougakos, I. P. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_17 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A novel platform for precise senolysis
Conti, A., & Micco, R. D. (2025) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2025.112056 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tatanis, V., Veroutis, D., Pantelis, P., Theocharous, G., Sarlanis, H., Georgiou, A., Mulita, F., Peteinaris, A., Νάτσος, Α., Moulavasilis, N., et al. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60071108
Self-citationEvolutionary conserved reciprocal senescence and tumor suppressor signals limit lifetime cancerPreprint
Liu, L., Davis, S. A., Yusuff, S., Strange, A., Zhuang, Y., Vaddi, P. K., Flaherty, K., Jara, K., Kramer, J., Archer, C., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.12.28.630560 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Identification of Oncogene-Induced Senescence-Associated MicroRNAs
Foutadakis, S., Soureas, K., Roupakia, E., Besta, S., Avgeris, M., & Kolettas, E. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_11
Self-citationSelective Sorting of Senescent Cell Subpopulations Compatible with Downstream Genomics Applications
Mizi, A., Tsitsianopoulos, M., & Papantonis, A. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4426-3_3
Self-citationSenLect: a genetically encoded system to purify senescent cellsPreprint
Tousian, H., Protzman, R. A., Sargeant, T. J., & Carosi, J. M. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.09.675259
Zhu, H., Pan, S., Zhou, Y., Yi, B., Jing, Y., Ruan, L., Huang, L., & Zhu, X. (2025) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-025-03854-9
Angelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753575
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753536
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753569
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753548
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753566
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26368572
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753542
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753560
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753557
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753563
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753533
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753551
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753539
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753554
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753545
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26367909
Self-citationAngelopoulou, A., Theocharous, G., Valakos, D., Polyzou, A., Magkouta, S., Myrianthopoulos, V., Havaki, S., Fiorillo, M., Tremi, I., Vachlas, Κ., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753572
Self-citationPrecision targeting of the SASP in cancer therapy
Hassan, S. N., & Ferbeyre, G. (2026) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-025-01052-4
Alshanbari, H. M., Abaker, M., Alashban, Y. I., Alyounis, E., Almutairi, S., Alghanmi, N. A., Aloshban, N., & Alabdan, R. (2026) · Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals · doi:10.1177/10849785261418890
The love and hate relationship between cellular senescence and stemness
Papaspyropoulos, A., Theocharous, G., Ntintas, O. A., Evangelou, K., & Gorgoulis, V. G. (2026) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.206387 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationCao, Y., Guo, K., Wang, D., Wang, Z., & Ren, S. (2026) · Cancer Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.cancergen.2026.09.005
The role of senescence in kidney ageing, injury and fibrosis
Janas, P. P., Mason, T., & Ferenbach, D. A. (2026) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/s41581-026-01123-8
Yang, Z., Sun, H., Zhang, F., Ji, W., 梁又德, Wang, M., Yan, M., Zhao, Z., & Fu, L. (2026) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2026.103408
Sonntag, J., Preugschas, R.-L., Jazmati, D., Qin, N., Neuwahl, J., Matuschek, C., Remke, M., Budach, W., Hörner‐Rieber, J., & Sohn, D. (2026) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03404-4
- Authors
- Magkouta, S., Veroutis, D., Pousias, A., Papaspyropoulos, A., Pippa, N., Lougiakis, N., Kambas, K., Lagopati, N., Polyzou, A., Georgiou, M., Chountoulesi, M., Pispas, S., Foutadakis, S., Pouli, N., Marakos, P., Kotsinas, A., Verginis, P., Valakos, D., Mizi, A., Papantonis, A., Vatsellas, G., Galanos, P., Bartek, J., Petty, R., Serrano, M., Thanos, D., Roussos, C., Demaria, M., Evangelou, K., & Gorgoulis, V. G.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Pasteur Hellenic Institute (GR)
- National Hellenic Research Foundation (GR)
- Academy of Athens (GR)
- University of Crete (GR)
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
- Danish Cancer Society (DK)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (ES)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Gorgoulis, Vassilis G.
- ORCID
- Magkouta, Sophia
- Veroutis, Dimitris
- Papaspyropoulos, Angelos
- Lougiakis, Nikolaos
- Kambas, Konstantinos
- Pispas, Stergios
- Foutadakis, Spyros
- Pouli, Nicole
- Kotsinas, Athanassios
- Verginis, Panayotis
- Valakos, Dimitrios
- Mizi, Athanasia
- Papantonis, Argyris
- Vatsellas, Giannis
- Galanos, Panagiotis
- Petty, Russell
- Serrano, Manuel
- Thanos, Dimitris
- Demaria, Marco
- Evangelou, Konstantinos
- Gorgoulis, Vassilis G.
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-10
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 3558-3573.e7
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4387364608
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 26
- FWCI
- 11.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 370 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- National Hellenic Research Foundation Helios Repository (National Hellenic Research Foundation) (submittedVersion)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- European Commission (70/3/8916)
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology
- Foundation for Education and European Culture
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF20OC0060590)
- Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (70/3/8916, 2020SE01300001)
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Keywords
- cellular senescence, live cell tracking, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, aging
- MeSH terms
- Flow Cytometry, Indicators and Reagents, Cellular Senescence
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