The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The tuberous sclerosis complex proteins – a GRIPP on cognition and neurodevelopment
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multi-system disorder associated with mutations in the TSC1 (hamartin) or TSC2 (tuberin) genes. The neurocognitive features of TSC show wide variability and have generally been attributed to structural brain abnormalities and/or seizures. We review the fundamental roles of TSC1 and TSC2 in cell signalling and propose that because the hamartin-tuberin complex (hereafter referred to as TSC1-2) acts as a global regulator and integrator of a range of physiological processes ('GRIPP') the neurocognitive manifestations of TSC result directly from cell-signalling abnormalities. Under the GRIPP hypothesis, the spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities is caused by the biochemical consequences of individual TSC1 and TSC2 mutations. Recognizing the importance of signalling disruption in the brain might improve our understanding of other neurocognitive disorders.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Even individuals with tuberous sclerosis and a normal intelligence quotient (approximately 50%)[3](#R3)–[5](#R5) are commonly affected with specific neuropsychological problems, including long-term and working memory deficits[6](#R6),[7](#R7).”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“demonstrating that other disease mechanisms are involved[5](#R5),[9](#R9)–[11](#R11).”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“a result consistent with the idea that modifier genes in the genetic background influence the expressivity of tuberous sclerosis phenotypes[5](#R5),[8](#R8),[11](#R11).”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“This group is affected by certain neuropsychological impairments, such as specific learning disabilities and memory problems[5](#R5)–[7](#R7).”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“we found that treatment with rapamycin in adult mice can reverse these deficits.”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“our data show that tuberous sclerosis–related cognitive deficits are not necessarily the consequence of neuroanatomical abnormalities (that is, tubers) or seizures.”
From Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis (2008) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
Cites
The Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Crino, P. B., Nathanson, K. L., & Henske, E. P. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra055323 · Cited by 1,793
Regulation of neuronal morphology and function by the tumor suppressors Tsc1 and Tsc2
Tavazoie, S. F., Alvarez, V. A., Ridenour, D. A., Kwiatkowski, D. J., & Sabatini, B. L. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1566 · Cited by 497
Research works printed but not linked: 67
- Povey, 1994, Two loci for tuberous sclerosis: one on 9q34 and one on 16p13, Ann. Hum. Genet., 58, 107, 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1994.tb01881.x · DOI
- Naarding, 2001, Huntington's Disease: a review of the literature on prevalence and treatment of neuropsychiatric phenomena, Eur. Psychiatry, 16, 439, 10.1016/S0924-9338(01)00604-6 · DOI
- Morris, 1988, Natural history of Williams syndrome: physical characteristics, J. Pediatr., 113, 318, 10.1016/S0022-3476(88)80272-5 · DOI
- 1993, Identification and characterisation of the tuberous sclerosis gene on chromosome 16, Cell, 75, 1305, 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90618-Z · DOI · Paper page
- Van Slegtenhorst, 1997, Identification of the Tuberous Sclerosis Gene TSC1 on Chromosome 9q34, Science, 277, 805, 10.1126/science.277.5327.805 · DOI · Paper page
- Roach, 1998, Tuberous Sclerosis Consensus Conference: Revised Diagnostic Criteria, J. Child Neurol., 13, 624, 10.1177/088307389801301206 · DOI
- Franz, 2001, Mutational and radiographic analysis of pulmonary disease consistent with lymphangioleiomyomatosis and micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in women with tuberous sclerosis, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 164, 661, 10.1164/ajrccm.164.4.2011025 · DOI
- Jones, 1997, Molecular genetic and phenotypic analysis reveals differences between TSC1 and TSC2 associated familial and sporadic tuberous sclerosis, Hum. Mol. Genet., 6, 2155, 10.1093/hmg/6.12.2155 · DOI
- Dabora, 2001, Mutational analysis in a cohort of 224 tuberous sclerosis patients indicates increased severity of TSC2, compared with TSC1, disease in multiple organs, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 68, 64, 10.1086/316951 · DOI
- Lewis, 2004, Genotype and psychological phenotype in tuberous sclerosis, J. Med. Genet., 41, 203, 10.1136/jmg.2003.012757 · DOI
- Doherty, 2005, Prognostic significance of tuber count and location in tuberous sclerosis complex, J. Child Neurol., 20, 837, 10.1177/08830738050200101301 · DOI
- Au, 2007, Genotype/phenotype correlation in 325 individuals referred for a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex in the United States, Genet. Med., 9, 88, 10.1097/GIM.0b013e31803068c7 · DOI
- Sancak, 2005, Mutational analysis of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes in a diagnostic setting: genotype-phenotype correlations and comparison of diagnostic DNA techniques in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Eur. J. Hum. Genet., 13, 731, 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201402 · DOI
- Van Slegtenhorst, 1998, Interaction between hamartin and tuberin, the TSC1 and TSC2 gene products, Hum. Mol. Genet., 7, 1053, 10.1093/hmg/7.6.1053 · DOI · Paper page
- Kwiatkowski, 2005, Tuberous Sclerosis: a GAP at the crossroads of multiple signalling pathways, Hum. Mol. Genet., 14, R251, 10.1093/hmg/ddi260 · DOI · Paper page
- Inoki, 2005, Dysregulation of the TSC-mTOR pathway in human disease, Nat. Genet., 37, 19, 10.1038/ng1494 · DOI
- Tee, 2005, mTOR, translational control and human disease, Semin. Cell Dev. Biol., 16, 29, 10.1016/j.semcdb.2004.11.005 · DOI
- Mak, 2005, Aberrant β-Catenin Signaling in Tuberous Sclerosis, Am. J. Pathol., 167, 107, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62958-6 · DOI
- Astrinidis, 2003, Cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation of hamartin, the product of the tuberous sclerosis complex 1 gene, by cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 51372, 10.1074/jbc.M303956200 · DOI
- Ma, 2005, Phosphorylation and functional inactivation of TSC2 by Erk: implications for tuberous sclerosis and cancer pathogenesis, Cell, 121, 179, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.031 · DOI · Paper page
- Roux, 2004, Tumor-promoting phorbol esters and activated Ras inactivate the tuberous sclerosis tumor suppressor complex via p90 ribosomal S6 kinase, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 101, 13489, 10.1073/pnas.0405659101 · DOI
- Ballif, 2005, Quantitative phosphorylation profiling of the ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-signaling cassette and its targets, the tuberous sclerosis tumor suppressors, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 102, 667, 10.1073/pnas.0409143102 · DOI
- Li, 2003, The p38 and MK2 Kinase Cascade Phosphorylates Tuberin, the Tuberous Sclerosis 2 Gene Product, and Enhances Its Interaction with 14-3-3, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 13663, 10.1074/jbc.M300862200 · DOI
- Dan, 2002, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway regulates tuberous sclerosis tumor suppressor complex by phosphorylation of tuberin, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 35364, 10.1074/jbc.M205838200 · DOI
- Manning, 2002, Identification of the tuberous sclerosis complex-2 tumor suppressor gene product tuberin as a target of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway, Mol. Cell, 10, 151, 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00568-3 · DOI · Paper page
- Inoki, 2003, TSC2 mediates cellular energy response to control cell growth and survival, Cell, 115, 577, 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00929-2 · DOI · Paper page
- Inoki, 2006, TSC2 Integrates Wnt and Energy Signals via a Coordinated Phosphorylation by AMPK and GSK3 to Regulate Cell Growth, Cell, 126, 955, 10.1016/j.cell.2006.06.055 · DOI · Paper page
- Lamb, 2000, The TSC1 tumour suppressor hamartin regulates cell adhesion through ERM proteins and the GTPase Rho, Nat. Cell Biol., 2, 281, 10.1038/35010550 · DOI
- Noonan, 2002, A calmodulin binding site in the tuberous sclerosis 2 gene is essential for regulation of transcription events and is altered by mutations linked to tuberous sclerosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 398, 132, 10.1006/abbi.2001.2682 · DOI
- York, 2005, Cross-talk between tuberin, calmodulin, and estrogen signalling pathways, FASEB J., 19, 1202, 10.1096/fj.04-3142fje · DOI
- Rosner, 2007, Akt regulates nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of tuberin, Oncogene, 26, 521, 10.1038/sj.onc.1209812 · DOI
- Matsumoto, 2002, Role of the Tsc1-Tsc2 complex in signalling and transport across the cell membrane in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Genetics, 161, 1053, 10.1093/genetics/161.3.1053 · DOI
- Goncharova, 2004, TSC2 modulates actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion through TSC1-binding domain and the Rac1 GTPase, J. Cell Biol., 167, 1171, 10.1083/jcb.200405130 · DOI
- Herry, 2007, Dramatic effect of sirolimus on renal angiomyolipomas in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex, Eur. J. Intern. Med., 18, 76, 10.1016/j.ejim.2006.07.017 · DOI
- Franz, 2006, Rapamycin causes regression of astrocytomas in tuberous sclerosis complex, Ann. Neurol., 59, 490, 10.1002/ana.20784 · DOI
- Chan, 2004, Pathogenesis of tuberous sclerosis subependymal giant cell astrocytomas: biallelic inactivation of TSC1 or TSC2 leads to mTOR activation, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 63, 1236, 10.1093/jnen/63.12.1236 · DOI
- Henske, 1996, Allelic loss is frequent in tuberous sclerosis kidney lesions but rare in brain lesions, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 59, 400
- Prather, 2004, Behavioral and cognitive aspects of tuberous sclerosis complex, J. Child Neurol., 19, 666, 10.1177/08830738040190090601 · DOI
- de Vries, 2007, The tuberous sclerosis complex, N. Engl. J. Med., 356, 92, 10.1056/NEJMc062928 · DOI · Paper page
- Joinson, 2003, Learning disability and epilepsy in an epidemiological sample of individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex, Psychol. Med., 33, 335, 10.1017/S0033291702007092 · DOI · Paper page
- Ridler, 2007, Neuroanatomical correlates of memory deficits in tuberous sclerosis complex, Cereb. Cortex, 17, 261, 10.1093/cercor/bhj144 · DOI · Paper page
- Goodman, 1997, Cortical tuber count: a biomarker indicating neurological severity of tuberous sclerosis complex, J. Child Neurol., 12, 85, 10.1177/088307389701200203 · DOI
- O’Callaghan, 2004, The relation of infantile spasms, tubers, and intelligence in tuberous sclerosis complex, Arch. Dis. Child., 89, 530, 10.1136/adc.2003.026815 · DOI
- Raznahan, 2007, Biological markers of intellectual disability in tuberous sclerosis, Psychol. Med., 10.1017/S0033291707000177 · DOI
- Wong, 2006, Tuberous sclerosis complex: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with comorbidities, J. Child Neurol., 21, 99, 10.1177/08830738060210020901 · DOI
- Hentges, 2001, FRAP/mTOR is required for proliferation and patterning during embryonic development in the mouse, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 98, 13796, 10.1073/pnas.241184198 · DOI
- Ridler, 2001, Widespread anatomical abnormalities of grey and white matter structure in tuberous sclerosis, Psychol. Med., 31, 1437, 10.1017/S0033291701004561 · DOI
- Andreasson, 2002, Role of immediate early gene expression in cortical morphogenesis and plasticity, Results Probl. Cell Differ., 39, 113, 10.1007/978-3-540-46006-0_6 · DOI
- Lanahan, 1998, Immediate-Early Genes and Synaptic Function, Neurobiol. Learn. Mem., 70, 37, 10.1006/nlme.1998.3836 · DOI
- Ogata, 2004, Opposing extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt pathways control Schwann cell myelination, J. Neurosci., 24, 6724, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5520-03.2004 · DOI
- Newey, 2005, Rho GTPases, dendritic structure, and mental retardation, J. Neurobiol., 64, 58, 10.1002/neu.20153 · DOI · Paper page
- Chen, 2005, PI3 kinase signalling is required for retrieval and extinction of contextual memory, Nat. Neurosci., 8, 925, 10.1038/nn1482 · DOI
- Thomas, 2004, MAPK cascade signalling and synaptic plasticity, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 5, 173, 10.1038/nrn1346 · DOI · Paper page
- Von der Brelie, 2006, Impaired synaptic plasticity in a rat model of tuberous sclerosis, Eur. J. Neurosci., 23, 686, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04594.x · DOI · Paper page
- Ramamurthy, 2006, Developing a head for energy sensing: AMP-activated protein kinase as a multifunctional metabolic sensor in the brain, J. Physiol., 574, 85, 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.110122 · DOI
- Shaw, 2004, The LKB1 tumor suppressor negatively regulates mTOR signalling, Cancer Cell, 6, 91, 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.06.007 · DOI
- Brugarolas, 2004, Regulation of mTOR function in response to hypoxia by REDD1 and the TSC1/TSC2 tumor suppressor complex, Genes Dev., 18, 2893, 10.1101/gad.1256804 · DOI · Paper page
- Han, 2004, Phosphorylation of tuberin as a novel mechanism for somatic inactivation of the tuberous sclerosis complex proteins in brain lesions, Cancer Res., 64, 812, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3277 · DOI
- Gutmann, 2000, Expression of the tuberous sclerosis complex gene products, hamartin and tuberin, in central nervous system tissues, Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 99, 223, 10.1007/PL00007431 · DOI
- Murthy, 2001, Developmental expression of the tuberous sclerosis proteins tuberin and hamartin, Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 101, 202, 10.1007/s004010000269 · DOI · Paper page
- Kuzmiak, 2006, Applying nonsense-mediated mRNA decay research to the clinic: progress and challenges, Trends Mol. Med., 12, 306, 10.1016/j.molmed.2006.05.005 · DOI
- de Vries, 2007, The psychopathologies of children and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 16, 16, 10.1007/s00787-006-0570-3 · DOI
- Jeganathan, 2002, Nonsense-mediated RNA decay in the TSC1 gene suggests a useful tool pre- and post-positional cloning, Hum. Genet., 111, 555, 10.1007/s00439-002-0821-4 · DOI
- Nellist, 2001, TSC2 missense mutations inhibit tuberin phosphorylation and prevent formation of the tuberin-hamartin complex, Hum. Mol. Genet., 10, 2889, 10.1093/hmg/10.25.2889 · DOI
- Mayer, 2004, Characterisation of a novel TSC2 missense mutation in the GAP related domain associated with minimal clinical manifestations of tuberous sclerosis, J. Med. Genet., 41, e64, 10.1136/jmg.2003.010835 · DOI
- Nellist, 2005, Distinct effects of single amino-acid changes to tuberin on the function of the tuberin-hamartin complex, Eur. J. Hum. Genet., 13, 59, 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201276 · DOI
- Jansen, 2006, Unusually mild tuberous sclerosis phenotype is associated with TSC2 R905Q mutation, Ann. Neurol., 60, 528, 10.1002/ana.21037 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+/− mouse model of tuberous sclerosis
Ehninger, D., Han, S., Shilyansky, C., Zhou, Y., Li, W., Kwiatkowski, D. J., Ramesh, V., & Silva, A. J. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1788 · Cited by 882
Mutations causing syndromic autism define an axis of synaptic pathophysiology
Auerbach, B. D., Osterweil, E. K., & Bear, M. F. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10658 · Cited by 592
Tuberous Sclerosis Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND) and the TAND Checklist
de Vries, P. J., Whittemore, V. H., Leclezio, L., Byars, A. W., Dunn, D., Ess, K. C., Hook, D., King, B. H., Sahin, M., & Jansen, A. (2015) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.10.004 · Cited by 371
Ehninger, D., De Vries, P. J., & Silva, A. J. (2009) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01208.x · Cited by 120
Qin, J., Wang, Z., Hoogeveen-Westerveld, M., Shen, G., Gong, W., Nellist, M., & Xu, W. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.701870 · Cited by 37
Sun, W., Zhu, Y. J., Wang, Z., Zhong, Q., Gao, F., Lou, J., Gong, W., & Xu, W. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms3135 · Cited by 27
Analysis of TSC1 truncations defines regions involved in TSC1 stability, aggregation and interaction
Hoogeveen-Westerveld, M., Exalto, C., Maat-Kievit, A., van den Ouweland, A., Halley, D., & Nellist, M. (2010) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.06.004 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- de Vries, P. J., & Howe, C. J.
- Venue
- Trends in Molecular Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 319-326
- ISSN
- 1471-4914
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 2
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review