Rho GTPases, dendritic structure, and mental retardation
Abstract
A consistent feature of neurons in patients with mental retardation is abnormal dendritic structure and/or alterations in dendritic spine morphology. Deficits in the regulation of the dendritic cytoskeleton affect both the structure and function of dendrites and synapses and are believed to underlie mental retardation in some instances. In support of this, there is good evidence that alterations in signaling pathways involving the Rho family of small GTPases, key regulators of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, contribute to both syndromic and nonsyndromic mental retardation disorders. Because the Rho GTPases have been shown to play increasingly well‐defined roles in determining dendrite and dendritic spine development and morphology, Rho signaling has been suggested to be important for normal cognition. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent data on the Rho GTPases pertaining to dendrite and dendritic spine morphogenesis, as well as to highlight their involvement in mental retardation resulting from a variety of genetic mutations within regulators and effectors of these molecules. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 64: 58–74, 2005
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Rho small GTPases (particularly RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42) are regulators of the actin cytoskeleton that have a profound influence on spine morphogenesis.
“The Rho small GTPases (particularly RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42) are regulators of the actin cytoskeleton that have a profound influence on spine morphogenesis (Luo, 2002; Newey et al., 2005).”
From The E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL regulates synaptic ApoER2 levels and is important for plasticity and learning (2017) · cites this paper as Newey et al., 2005
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- Authors
- Newey, S. E., Velamoor, V., Govek, E., & Van Aelst, L.
- Affiliations
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-05-09
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 58-74
- ISSN
- 0022-3034 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4695
- OpenAlex
- W2061895982
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Keywords
- Rho GTPases, dendritic spine morphology, dendritic morphology, intellectual disability, dendritic cytoskeleton, actin cytoskeleton, microtubule cytoskeleton, Rho GTPase signaling, dendrite morphogenesis, synaptic development, genetic mutations, cognition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dendrites, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Models, Biological, Morphogenesis, Neurons, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, Dendritic Spines
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