The DOI matches its Crossref record; 266 of the 267 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neural mechanisms regulating different forms of risk-related decision-making: Insights from animal models
Open accessAbstract
Over the past 20 years there has been a growing interest in the neural underpinnings of cost/benefit decision-making. Recent studies with animal models have made considerable advances in our understanding of how different prefrontal, striatal, limbic and monoaminergic circuits interact to promote efficient risk/reward decision-making, and how dysfunction in these circuits underlies aberrant decision-making observed in numerous psychiatric disorders. This review will highlight recent findings from studies exploring these questions using a variety of behavioral assays, as well as molecular, pharmacological, neurophysiological, and translational approaches. We begin with a discussion of how neural systems related to decision subcomponents may interact to generate more complex decisions involving risk and uncertainty. This is followed by an overview of interactions between prefrontal-amygdala-dopamine and habenular circuits in regulating choice between certain and uncertain rewards and how different modes of dopamine transmission may contribute to these processes. These data will be compared with results from other studies investigating the contribution of some of these systems to guiding decision-making related to rewards vs. punishment. Lastly, we provide a brief summary of impairments in risk-related decision-making associated with psychiatric disorders, highlighting recent translational studies in laboratory animals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“DA neurotransmission is essential for diverse behavioral outputs, including motivation, cognition, reward learning, decision making, salience attribution, and voluntary motor control [121–127].”
From Adolescent nicotine exposure and persistent neurocircuitry changes: unveiling lifelong psychiatric risks (2025) · cites this paper as [124]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“The comparison of apparent risks or costs to possible reward is a computation performed by circuits supporting motivated behavior, critically including the NAc and the mesocorti-colimbic dopamine system (reviewed in depth elsewhere123-125).”
From Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety (2015) · cites this paper as [124]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Items 201–266 of 266
Substance use/abuse as a predictor to illegal and violent behavior
Friedman, A. S. (1998) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/s1359-1789(97)00012-8 · Cited by 94
Ramos Olazagasti, M. A., Klein, R. G., Mannuzza, S., Belsky, E. R., Hutchison, J. A., Lashua-Shriftman, E. C., & Xavier Castellanos, F. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.11.012 · Cited by 94
Dalton, G. L., Phillips, A. G., & Floresco, S. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5058-13.2014 · Cited by 92
Self-citationLarimer, M. E., Neighbors, C., Lostutter, T., Whiteside, U., Cronce, J. M., Kaysen, D., & Walker, D. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03776.x · Cited by 91
Kräplin, A., Dshemuchadse, M., Behrendt, S., Scherbaum, S., Goschke, T., & Bühringer, G. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.12.041 · Cited by 90
van den Bos, R., Jolles, J. W., van der Knaap, L. J., Baars, A. M., & de Visser, L. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.07.015 · Cited by 90
Linnet, J., Møller, A., Peterson, E., GJEDDE, A. H., & Doudet, D. J. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00837.x · Cited by 89
Testosterone enhances risk tolerance without altering motor impulsivity in male rats
Cooper, S., Goings, S. P., Kim, J. Y., & Wood, R. I. (2013) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.11.017 · Cited by 89
Broersen, L. M., & Uylings, H. B. M. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00312-7 · Cited by 88
Risterucci, C., Terramorsi, D., Nieoullon, A. L., & Amalric, M. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02541.x · Cited by 87
Mitchell, M. R., Vokes, C. M., Blankenship, A. L., Simon, N. W., & Setlow, B. (2011) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2363-8 · Cited by 86
Self-citationMcLaughlin, R. J., & Floresco, S. (2007) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.03.025 · Cited by 85
Self-citationvan den Oever, M. C., Rotaru, D. C., Heinsbroek, J. A., Gouwenberg, Y., Deisseroth, K. A., Stuber, G. D., Mansvelder, H. D., & Smit, A. B. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2412-13.2013 · Cited by 85
Rygula, R., Clarke, H. F., Cardinal, R. N., Cockcroft, G. J., Xia, J., Dalley, J. W., Robbins, T. W., & Roberts, A. C. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu102 · Cited by 85
Amygdala Neural Encoding of the Absence of Reward during Extinction
Tye, K. M., Cone, J. J., Schairer, W. W., & Janak, P. H. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4240-09.2010 · Cited by 83
Roitman, M. F., Wheeler, R. A., Tiesinga, P. H. E., Roitman, J. D., & Carelli, R. M. (2010) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.17615/f90b-8s20 · Cited by 81
Lesions of rat infralimbic cortex enhance renewal of extinguished appetitive Pavlovian responding
Rhodes, S. E., & Killcross, A. S. (2007) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05486.x · Cited by 80
West, E. A., Saddoris, M. P., Kerfoot, E. C., & Carelli, R. M. (2014) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12578 · Cited by 79
de Bruin, J. P. C., Feenstra, M. G. P., Broersen, L. M., van Leeuwen, M., Arens, C., de Vries, S. I., & Joosten, R. N. J. M. A. (2000) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(00)26010-x · Cited by 76
Subjective neuronal coding of reward: temporal value discounting and risk
Schultz, W. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07282.x · Cited by 76
Jentsch, J. D., Woods, J. A., Groman, S. M., & Seu, E. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.47 · Cited by 76
Setlow, B., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (2000) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00911.x · Cited by 76
Self-citationRivalan, M., Coutureau, É., Fitoussi, A., & Dellu-Hagedorn, F. (2011) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00022 · Cited by 76
Lack of insight may predict impaired decision making in manic patients
Adida, M., Clark, L., Mazzola‐Pomietto, P., Kaladjian, A., Besnier, N., Azorin, J., Jeanningros, R., & Goodwin, G. M. (2008) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00618.x · Cited by 75
Discriminative Inhibitory Control of Cocaine Seeking Involves the Prelimbic Prefrontal Cortex
Mihindou, C., Guillem, K., Navailles, S., Vouillac‐Mendoza, C., & Ahmed, S. H. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.08.011 · Cited by 74
Isolation rearing effects on probabilistic learning and cognitive flexibility in rats
Amitai, N., Young, J. W., Higa, K., Sharp, R. F., Geyer, M. A., & Powell, S. B. (2014) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-013-0204-4 · Cited by 74
Self-citationHearing, M. C., Miller, S. W., See, R. E., & McGinty, J. F. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1090-2 · Cited by 74
Killcross, S., Everitt, B. J., & Robbins, T. W. (1997) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050174 · Cited by 71
Risk-Sensitive Decision-Making Deficit in Adolescent Suicide Attempters
Ackerman, J. P., McBee-Strayer, S. M., Mendoza, K., Stevens, J. H., Sheftall, A. H., Campo, J. V., & Bridge, J. A. (2014) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2014.0041 · Cited by 69
A further evaluation of decision-making under risk and under ambiguity in schizophrenia
Fond, G. B., Bayard, S., Capdevielle, D., Del-Monte, J., Mimoun, N., Macgregor, A., Boulenger, J., Gély-Nargeot, M.-C., & Raffard, S. (2012) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-012-0330-y · Cited by 68
Differential effects of dopamine transporter inhibitors in the rodent Iowa gambling task
van Enkhuizen, J., Geyer, M. A., & Young, J. W. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2854-2 · Cited by 68
Self-citationPeople with bipolar I disorder report avoiding rewarding activities and dampening positive emotion
Edge, M. D., Miller, C. J., Muhtadie, L., Johnson, S. L., Carver, C. S., Marquinez, N., & Gotlib, I. H. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.07.027 · Cited by 66
Prefrontal Cortical Regulation of Drug Seeking in Animal Models of Drug Relapse
Lasseter, H. C., Xie, X., Ramirez, D. R., & Fuchs, R. A. (2009) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2009_19 · Cited by 65
Ineichen, C., Sigrist, H., Spinelli, S., Lesch, K., Sautter, E., Seifritz, E., & Pryce, C. R. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.07.025 · Cited by 64
Affective and cognitive mechanisms of risky decision making
Shimp, K. G., Mitchell, M. R., Beas, B. S., Bizon, J. L., & Setlow, B. (2014) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.03.002 · Cited by 63
Self-citationDevelopmental changes of win-stay and loss-shift strategies in decision making
Cassotti, M., Houdé, O., & Moutier, S. (2011) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2010.547463 · Cited by 61
Tracking Progress toward a Goal in Corticostriatal Ensembles
Ma, L., Hyman, J. M., Phillips, A. G., & Seamans, J. K. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3834-13.2014 · Cited by 61
Brambilla, P., Perlini, C., Bellani, M., Tomelleri, L., Ferro, A., Cerruti, S., Marinelli, V., Rambaldelli, G., Christodoulou, T., Jogia, J., et al. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712001304 · Cited by 61
Turnbull, O. H., Evans, C. E. Y., Kemish, K., Park, S., & Bowman, C. H. (2006) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.20.3.290 · Cited by 57
Martín‐García, E., Courtin, J., Renault, P., Fiancette, J.-F., Wurtz, H., Simonnet, A., Levet, F., Herry, C., & Deroche‐Gamonet, V. (2014) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.66 · Cited by 55
Cassaday, H. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2014.00160 · Cited by 54
Elucidating Poor Decision-Making in a Rat Gambling Task
Rivalan, M., Valton, V., Seriès, P., Marchand, A. R., & Dellu-Hagedorn, F. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082052 · Cited by 51
To play or not to play: A personal dilemma in pathological gambling
Giorgetta, C., Grecucci, A., Rattin, A., Guerreschi, C., Sanfey, A. G., & Bonini, N. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.06.042 · Cited by 51
Dale, C. L., Findlay, A. M., Adcock, R. A., Vertinski, M., Fisher, M., Genevsky, A., Aldebot, S., Subramaniam, K., Luks, T. L., & Simpson, G. V. (2009) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.10.009 · Cited by 51
Midbrain contributions to sensorimotor decision making
Felsen, G., & Mainen, Z. F. (2012) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.01181.2011 · Cited by 48
Nothing to lose: Processing blindness to potential losses drives thrill and adventure seekers
Kruschwitz, J., Simmons, A., Flagan, T., & Paulus, M. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.048 · Cited by 48
Jonkman, S., Mar, A. C., Dickinson, A., Robbins, T. W., & Everitt, B. J. (2009) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0016330 · Cited by 46
Consideration of species differences in developing novel molecules as cognition enhancers
Young, J. W., Jentsch, J. D., Bussey, T. J., Wallace, T. L., & Hutcheson, D. M. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.10.002 · Cited by 44
Self-citationNeuronal signals for reward risk in frontal cortex
Schultz, W., O’Neill, M. J., Tobler, P. N., & Kobayashi, S. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06256.x · Cited by 41
Ostrander, S., Cazares, V. A., Kim, C. R., Cheung, S., Gonzalez, I., & Izquierdo, A. (2011) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0023574 · Cited by 41
Dopaminergic Influences on Emotional Decision Making in Euthymic Bipolar Patients
Burdick, K. E., Braga, R. J., Gopin, C. B., & Malhotra, A. K. (2013) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.177 · Cited by 37
The habenula governs the attribution of incentive salience to reward predictive cues
Danna, C. L., Shepard, P. D., & Elmer, G. I. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00781 · Cited by 35
Papageorgiou, C., Karanasiou, I. S., Kapsali, F., Stachtea, X., Kyprianou, M., Tsianaka, E. I., Karakatsanis, N. A., Rabavilas, A. D., UZUNOGLU, N. K., & Papadimitriou, G. N. (2012) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.07.017 · Cited by 34
Peters, J., & Vries, T. J. D. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.11.004 · Cited by 34
Timing and amplitude of saccades during predictive saccadic tracking in schizophrenia
McDowell, J. E., Clementz, B. A., & Wixted, J. T. (1996) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02112.x · Cited by 34
Kim, Y. T., Lee, K., & Lee, S. J. (2009) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.4306/pi.2009.6.1.26 · Cited by 33
Modeling Risky Decision Making in Rodents
Simon, N. W., & Setlow, B. (2011) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-458-2_10 · Cited by 30
Self-citationNejtek, V. A., Kaiser, K. A., Zhang, B., & Djokovic, M. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.021 · Cited by 29
Fowler, S. C., Pinkston, J. W., & Vorontsova, E. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1451-x · Cited by 27
Kroyzer, N., Gross‐Tsur, V., & Pollak, Y. (2014) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000100 · Cited by 21
Association between cannabis and cocaine use, traffic injuries and use of protective devices
Pulido, J., Barrio, G., Lardelli, P., Bravo, M. J., Regidor, E., & de la Fuente, L. (2010) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckq161 · Cited by 21
Nonmonetary Decision-Making Indices Discriminate Between Different Behavioral Components of Gambling
Navas, J. F., Torres, A., Vilar‐López, R., Verdejo‐García, A., Catena, A., & Perales, J. C. (2014) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-014-9482-1 · Cited by 20
Wasserman, J., Barry, R. J., Bradford, L., Delva, N. J., & Beninger, R. J. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2634-4 · Cited by 16
Do Substantia Nigra Dopaminergic Neurons Differentiate Between Reward and Punishment?
Frank, M., & Surmeier, D. J. (2009) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjp010 · Cited by 11
Conversion of sensory signals into perceptions, memories and decisions
Romo, R. (2013) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.03.003 · Cited by 10
Linking neural activity to complex decisions
Hayden, B. Y., & Pasternak, T. (2013) · Visual Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/s0952523813000345 · Cited by 4
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 267 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety
Calhoon, G. G., & Tye, K. M. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4101 · Cited by 766
Sex hormones and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Regulation, implications, and potential mechanisms
Mahmoud, R., Wainwright, S. R., & Galea, L. A. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.03.002 · Cited by 208
Dalton, G. L., Wang, N. Y., Phillips, A. G., & Floresco, S. B. (2016) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3366-15.2016 · Cited by 184
Self-citationSex differences in a rat model of risky decision making.
Orsini, C. A., Willis, M. L., Gilbert, R. J., Bizon, J. L., & Setlow, B. (2015) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/bne0000111 · Cited by 182
Self-citationKim, C. K., Ye, L., Jennings, J. H., Pichamoorthy, N., Tang, D. D., Yoo, A.-C. W., Ramakrishnan, C., & Deisseroth, K. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.020 · Cited by 145
Metadata
- Authors
- Orsini, C. A., Moorman, D. E., Young, J. W., Setlow, B., & Floresco, S. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida Health (US)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Floresco, Stan B.
- Venue
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 58
- Pages
- 147-167
- ISSN
- 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7913606
- OpenAlex
- W2214549810
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 267
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 1.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- McKnight Brain Institute
- National Institutes of Health (R21-DA032005, R01-DA024671, R01-MH104344)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 89861)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- cost-benefit decision making, reward uncertainty, habenula, dopamine signaling, striatal circuits, limbic circuits, mental illness, animal models
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Decision Making, Humans, Risk-Taking, Translational Research, Biomedical
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review