Time of day differences in IL1β and TNFα mRNA levels in specific regions of the rat brain
Abstract
Interleukin-1beta (IL1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) are involved in several physiological functions regulated by brain. The current studies were performed to determine whether a diurnal rhythm of IL1beta and TNFalpha mRNAs, determined by real time RT-PCR, existed in specific brain regions linked to the functions of these cytokines. Rats were sacrificed 2 h after light onset (AM) and 1 h prior to dark onset (PM). IL1beta mRNA levels in the AM were significantly higher than those obtained from rats sacrificed in the PM in the prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, amygdala/piriform cortex, ventral hippocampus, hypothalamus, nucleus tractus solitarius, and nucleus accumbens, but not in the dorsal hippocampus. Time-of-day differences in TNFalpha mRNA levels were observed in all these brain regions. These results support the hypothesis that TNFalpha and IL1beta have physiological roles within the brain.
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Circadian rhythms are observed in almost all physiologic measures, including endocrine and immune mediators.
“Circadian rhythms are observed in almost all physiologic measures, including endocrine and immune mediators.15–17”
From Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Disruption (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Cearley, C., Churchill, L., & Krueger, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Churchill, Lynn
- ORCID
- Cearley, Cassia
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 352
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61-63
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998786241
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-31453, NS-25378, R01NS031453, R01NS025378)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-36520, R01HD036520)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- IL-1β, TNF-α, diurnal cycle, circadian rhythm, cytokine mRNA expression, brain regions, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, nucleus tractus solitarius
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Circadian Rhythm, Interleukin-1, Male, RNA, Messenger, Time Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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