Ursodeoxycholic acid protects dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress via regulating mitochondrial function, autophagy, and apoptosis in MPTP/MPP+-induced Parkinson’s disease

Role of AMPK-mTOR-Ulk1/2 in the regulation of autophagy: cross talk, shortcuts, and feedbacks

Alers, S., Löffler, A. S., Wesselborg, S., & Stork, B. (2012) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.06159-11 · Cited by 1,483 · see citing works

Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases

Millecamps, S., & Julien, J.-P. (2013) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3380 · Cited by 755 · see citing works

Genome-wide analysis reveals mechanisms modulating autophagy in normal brain aging and in Alzheimer’s disease

Lipinski, M. M., Zheng, B., Lu, T., Yan, Z., Py, B. F., Ng, A., Xavier, R. J., Li, C., Yankner, B. A., Scherzer, C. R., et al. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1009485107 · Cited by 680 · see citing works

Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From a Mitochondrial Point of View

Cenini, G., Lloret, A., & Cascella, R. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/2105607 · Cited by 435 · see citing works

Crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and age related neurodegenerative disease: Etiologies and therapeutic strategies

Elfawy, H. A., & Das, B. B. (2018) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.029 · Cited by 343 · see citing works

Bistability in Apoptosis: Roles of Bax, Bcl-2, and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pores

Bagci, E. Z., Yoram Vodovotz, B., Billiar, T. R., Ermentrout, B., & Bahar, İ. (2005) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.068122 · Cited by 339 · see citing works

Pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Hirsch, E. C., Jenner, P., & Przedborski, S. (2013) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25032 · Cited by 336 · see citing works

IV. MPTP, MPP+ and mitochondrial function

Nicklas, W. J., Youngster, S. K., Kindt, M. V., & Heikkila, R. E. (1987) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(87)90299-2 · Cited by 257 · see citing works

The Unexpected Uses of Urso- and Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Non-liver Diseases

Vang, S., Longley, K., Steer, C. J., & Low, W. C. (2014) · Global Advances in Health and Medicine · doi:10.7453/gahmj.2014.017 · Cited by 202 · see citing works

Accumulation of autophagosomes confers cytotoxicity

Button, R. W., Roberts, S. L., Willis, T. L., Hanemann, C. O., & Luo, S. (2017) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m117.782276 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Parkin and PINK1 functions in oxidative stress and neurodegeneration

Barodia, S. K., Creed, R. B., & Goldberg, M. S. (2016) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.12.004 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

The Role of the Antioxidant Response in Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Degenerative Diseases: Cross-Talk between Antioxidant Defense, Autophagy, and Apoptosis

Huang, M., Chiang, S., Kalinowski, D. S., Bae, D.-H., Sahni, S., & Richardson, D. R. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/6392763 · Cited by 154 · see citing works

UDCA exerts beneficial effect on mitochondrial dysfunction in <i>LRRK2</i> ^{<i>G2019S</i>} carriers and in vivo

Mortiboys, H., Furmston, R., Bronstad, G., Aasly, J., Elliott, C., & Bandmann, O. (2015) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000001905 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates apoptotic cascade in the rotenone model of Parkinson's disease: Modulation of mitochondrial perturbations

Abdelkader, N. F., Safar, M. M., & Salem, H. A. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9043-8 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Apoptotic molecules and MPTP-induced cell death

Nicotra, A., & Parvez, S. (2002) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00213-1 · Cited by 122 · see citing works

A new hypothesis for Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis: GTPase-p38 MAPK signaling and autophagy as convergence points of etiology and genomics

Obergasteiger, J., Frapporti, G., Pramstaller, P. P., Hicks, A. A., & Volta, M. (2018) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-018-0273-5 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

p53 Is a Key Molecular Target of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Regulating Apoptosis

Amaral, J. D., Castro, R. E., Solá, S., Steer, C. J., & Rodrigues, C. M. P. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m704075200 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Defective Autophagy in Parkinson’s Disease: Lessons from Genetics

Zhang, H., Duan, C., & Yang, H. (2014) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-014-8787-5 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Impairment of Atg5-Dependent Autophagic Flux Promotes Paraquat- and MPP+-Induced Apoptosis But Not Rotenone or 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity

García‐García, A., Anandhan, A., Burns, M., Chen, H., Zhou, Y., & Franco, R. (2013) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kft188 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid suppresses mitochondria-dependent programmed cell death induced by sodium nitroprusside in SH-SY5Y cells

Chun, H. S., & Low, W. C. (2011) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.11.020 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates experimental liver fibrosis involving inhibition of autophagy

Ye, H., Zhang, J., Chen, X., Wu, P., Chen, L., & Guo, Z. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117175 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents selenite-induced oxidative stress and alleviates cataract formation: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Qi, H.-P., Wei, S. Q., Gao, X., Yu, N., Hu, W.-Z., Bi, S., & Cui, H. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Loh, J. S., Mak, W. Q., Tan, L. K. S., Ng, C. X., Chan, H. H., Yeow, S. H., Foo, J. B., Ong, Y. S., How, C. W., & Khaw, K. Y. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1 · Cited by 1,193 · see citing works

Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease – a key disease hallmark with therapeutic potential

Henrich, M. T., Oertel, W. H., Surmeier, D. J., & Geibl, F. F. (2023) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00676-7 · Cited by 435 · see citing works

Targeting mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

Antico, O., Thompson, P. W., Hertz, N. T., Muqit, M. M. K., & Parton, L. E. (2025) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-024-01105-0 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

From dried bear bile to molecular investigation: A systematic review of the effect of bile acids on cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, across pre-clinical models of neurological, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders

Huang, F., Pariante, C. M., & Borsini, A. (2022) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.021 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Mitochondrial dysfunctions, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases: An update on current advances and impediments

Rehman, M. U., Sehar, N., Dar, N. J., Khan, A., Arafah, A., Rashid, S., Rashid, S. M., & Ganaie, M. A. (2023) · Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104961 · Cited by 130 · see citing works

A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of Ursodeoxycholic Acid (<scp>UDCA)</scp> in Parkinson's Disease

Payne, T., Appleby, M., Buckley, E., van Gelder, L. M. A., Mullish, B. H., Sassani, M., Dunning, M. J., Hernandez, D., Scholz, S. W., McNeill, A., et al. (2023) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.29450 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

The principal molecular mechanisms behind the activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway leading to neuroprotective action in Parkinson's disease

Chakkittukandiyil, A., Sajini, D. V., Karuppaiah, A., & Selvaraj, D. (2022) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105325 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Bile acid receptors and signaling crosstalk in the liver, gut and brain

Ferrell, J. M., & Chiang, J. Y. L. (2021) · Liver Research · doi:10.1016/j.livres.2021.07.002 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Gut microbiota in dementia with Lewy bodies

Nishiwaki, H., Ueyama, J., Kashihara, K., Ito, M., Hamaguchi, T., Maeda, T., Tsuboi, Y., Katsuno, M., Hirayama, M., & Ohno, K. (2022) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-022-00428-2 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal disorders in Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body diseases

Hirayama, M., Nishiwaki, H., Hamaguchi, T., & Ohno, K. (2023) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-023-00511-2 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Connecting the Gut Microbiota and Neurodegenerative Diseases: the Role of Bile Acids

Wang, S., Xu, C., Liu, H., Wei, W., Zhou, X., Qian, H., Zhou, L., Zhang, H., Wu, L. M., Chen, Z., et al. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03340-9 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Emerging Roles of Bile Acids and TGR5 in the Central Nervous System: Molecular Functions and Therapeutic Implications

Romero‐Ramírez, L., & Mey, J. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25179279 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Biological synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid

Song, P., Zhang, X., Feng, W., Xu, W., Wu, C., Xie, S., Yu, S., & Fu, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140662 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

The potential applications of traditional Chinese medicine in Parkinson's disease: A new opportunity

Chen, J., Xu, J., Huang, P., Luo, Y., Shi, Y., & Ma, P. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112866 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Crosstalk Between Bile Acids and Intestinal Epithelium: Multidimensional Roles of Farnesoid X Receptor and Takeda G Protein Receptor 5

Lin, X., Xia, L., Zhou, Y., Xie, J., Tuo, Q., Lin, L., & Liao, D. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26094240 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Linking Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Brain Disease: Focusing on Bile Acid Signaling

Ren, Z., Li, C.-X., Ma, C., Chen, D., Chen, J., Xu, W., Chen, C.-A., Cheng, F., & Wang, X. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232113045 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction for the Therapy of Parkinson's Disease

Zheng, Q. Y., Liu, H., Gao, Y., Cao, G., Wang, Y., & Li, Z. (2024) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202311571 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Emerging Roles of Bile Acids in Neuroinflammation

Butcher, E. L., & Arthur, S. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms262311301 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Peiminine Reduces ARTS-Mediated Degradation of XIAP by Modulating the PINK1/Parkin Pathway to Ameliorate 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity and α-Synuclein Accumulation in Parkinson’s Disease Models In Vivo and In Vitro

Hsu, Y.-L., Hung, H., Tsai, C.-W., Liu, S., Chiang, Y.-T., Kuo, Y.-H., Shyu, W., Lin, S., & Fu, R. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910240 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid as a potential alternative therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disorders: Effects on cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain

Huang, F. (2021) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100348 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Focused Ultrasound Promotes the Delivery of Gastrodin and Enhances the Protective Effect on Dopaminergic Neurons in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Wang, Y., Luo, K., Li, J., Liao, Y.-H., Liao, C., Chen, W., Chen, M.-X., & Ao, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.884788 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Mitochondria-targeted nanovesicles for ursodeoxycholic acid delivery to combat neurodegeneration by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction

Zhang, S., Li, M., Li, Y., Yang, S., Wang, J., Ren, X., Wang, X.-H., Bai, L., Huang, J., Geng, Z., et al. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03258-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

The interaction between alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Li, H., Liu, D., Zhang, Y.-B., Rong, H., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Biophysical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107122 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Proteinopathies: Deciphering Physiology and Mechanisms to Develop Effective Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Chopra, G., Shabir, S., Yousuf, S., Kauts, S., Bhat, S. A., Mir, A. H., & Singh, M. P. (2022) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-022-03042-8 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid protects against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting NF-κB pathway

Lou, Y., Shi, H., Sha, N., Li, F., Gu, X., & Lin, H. (2025) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-025-03977-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Knockdown of PDCD4 ameliorates neural cell apoptosis and mitochondrial injury through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal in Parkinson’s disease

Li, Y., Pang, J., Wang, J., Dai, G., Bo, Q., Wang, X., & Wang, W. (2023) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102239 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Betulinic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide and ferrous sulfate-induced oxidative stress, ferroptosis, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation signaling relevant to Parkinson's Disease

Pandey, S. K., Nanda, A., Gautam, A. S., & Singh, R. K. (2025) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.04.013 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Protective Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid Against Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Pathway in MPTP-Induced Parkinson Disease

Jiang, C., Shen, D., Li, K., Wang, H., Sang, W., & Qi, H. (2022) · Clinical Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1097/wnf.0000000000000528 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

The Degradation of TMEM166 by Autophagy Promotes AMPK Activation to Protect SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to MPP+

Liao, Z., Gong, Z., Wang, Z., Yang, W., Liu, W., Hou, L., Liu, X., Hua, J., Wang, B., & Li, N. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11172706 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and the Advances of Drug Discovery

Yang, P., Wen, S., Wang, X., Hu, X., Zhao, M., Wang, A., Wu, Y., Ouyang, L., & Wang, G. (2025) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01779 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Mitochondrial homeostasis regulation: A promising therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease

Yao, M., Dang, T., Wang, H., Zhu, X., & Chen, Q. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114811 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on Parkinson’s disease, a mechanistic review of the recent evidence

Razavi, S. M., Esmaealzadeh, N., Ataei, M., Afshari, N., Saleh, M., Amini, Y., Hasrati, S., Hashemi, F. G., Mortazavi, A., Shalmani, L. M., et al. (2025) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-025-01542-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

The role of gut microbiota–mitochondria crosstalk in neurodegeneration: Underlying mechanisms and potential therapies

Ju, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., Zhao, X., Li, X., Liu, C., Sun, S., & Wu, L. (2025) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-01419 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging: Future Therapies and Precision Medicine Approaches

Jia, L., Wei, Z., Luoqian, J., Wang, X., & Huang, C. (2025) · MedComm – Future Medicine · doi:10.1002/mef2.70026 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Effects of Telmisartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, on mitochondria-specific genes expression in a mouse MPTP model of Parkinsonism

Ray, B., Ramesh, G., Verma, S. R., Ramamurthy, S., Tuladhar, S., Mahalakshmi, A. M., Essa, M. M., & Chidambaram, S. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.52586/4942 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

The Intricate Interplay: Microbial Metabolites and the Gut‐Liver‐Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease

Kishanchand, D. K., A., A. K. K., Chandrababu, K., Philips, C. A., Sivan, U., & Chakrapani, P. S. B. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.70016 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Targeting mitochondria with small molecules: A promising strategy for combating Parkinson’s disease

Pal, C. (2024) · Mitochondrion · doi:10.1016/j.mito.2024.101971 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Gut microbiota and Parkinson’s disease: exploring pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies from a gut-brain axis perspective

Jin, X., Wei, J., Min, X., Fan, Y., Yuan, Z., Du, Z., Su, Z., Xun, T., Du, Q., Liang, T., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.114185 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Protopanaxadiols Eliminate Behavioral Impairments and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease Mice Model

Zhao, J., Wang, J., Zhao, K., Zhang, Y., & Hu, W. (2024) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-024-04132-w · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Neuroprotection in Parkinson Disease

Gonzalez‐Robles, C., Bandmann, O., & Schapira, A. H. V. (2025) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-025-00793-z · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Redox Modulation of Mitochondrial Proteins in the Neurotoxicant Models of Parkinson's Disease

Sarkar, A., Rasheed, M. S. U., & Singh, M. P. (2022) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2022.0106 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Cinnamaldehyde Attenuates the Expression of IBA1 and GFAP to Inhibit Glial Cell Activation and Inflammation in the MPTP‐Induced Acute Parkinson’s Disease Model

Jiao, P., An, Y., Wu, S., Li, H., & Li, G.-L. (2024) · Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1155/padi/9973140 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

The biocompatibility and the metabolic impact of thermoresponsive, bile acid-based nanogels on auditory and macrophage cell lines

Kovačević, B., Wagle, S. R., Ionescu, C. M., Foster, T., Đanić, M., Mikov, M., Mooranian, A., & Al‐Salami, H. (2023) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.003 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Exploring the therapeutic potential of Chinese herbs on comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease: A mechanistic study.

Wang, Y., Gao, P.-P., Wu, Z., Jiang, B., Wang, Y.-R., He, Z., Zhao, B., Tian, X.-Y., Gao, H., Cai, L., et al. (2024) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2024.119095

Linking Heat Shock Protein 70 and Parkin in Parkinson’s Disease

Zhao, Z., Li, Z., Du, F., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Lim, K., Li, L., Yang, N., Yu, C., & Zhang, C. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03481-x · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Clinical Trial Highlights: Modulators of Mitochondrial Function

Capriglia, F., Burgess, T., Bandmann, O., & Mortiboys, H. (2023) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-239003 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects rat spinal cord neurons after mechanical injury through regulating neuronal autophagy

Chang, Y., Yang, T., Ding, H., Wang, Z., & Liang, Q. (2022) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136578 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The mechanism of electroacupuncture-mediated improvement in Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting ferroptosis through activating the Nrf2/GPX4 signal pathway

Wang, M., Zheng, H.-S., Ye, W.-L., Mao, J.-D., Zhang, K., Yang, L., Zhao, M., Liu, S., Liu, R., & Wu, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1551404 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Research progress on the interaction between multiple organ-brain axes and perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a narrative review

Shi, Q., Wu, W., Sun, X., Liu, Y., Zeng, J., Li, W., Dai, X., Gong, G., & Huang, Q. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1710009 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Driver of Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s and Huntington’s Disease: Molecular Insights and Emerging Interventions

Kuwar, O. K., Khan, S., Maloo, A., Singh, C., Sharma, M., Maparu, K., Dhingra, M. S., & Sharma, V. (2026) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-026-05991-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Clinical Benefits of Therapeutic Interventions Targeting Mitochondria in Parkinson’s Disease Patients

Ciocca, M., & Pizzamiglio, C. (2023) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527322666230330122444 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

The Impact of Bilirubin on 7α- and 7β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Spectra and Docking Analysis

Ji, Q., Chen, J., Zhu, L., Wang, R., & Wang, B. (2023) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal13060965 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Ursolic acid inhibits autophagy-dependent neuronal cell death by reducing oxidative stress levels in an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease

Gao, J.-Y., Lei, B., He, H., Xi, D., Wu, Q., Wang, X., Li, N., Tian, Z., Zhu, Q., & Yu, Y. (2024) · Molecular & Cellular Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s13273-024-00480-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Isolation of Lessertiosides A and B and Other Metabolites from Lessertia frutescens and Their Neuroprotection Activity

Ndjoubi, K. O., Omoruyi, S. I., Luckay, R. C., & Hussein, A. A. (2024) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants13213076 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Global Research Progress of Mitochondria and Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis

Luo, L., Zhang, H., Jiang, Q., Hei, S., Li, M., Zhang, W., Yang, P., He, S., Jiang, F., & Wang, Q. (2025) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/08830738251352218 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Potential Effect of Imeglimin on Mitochondrial Function in Subsynovial Connective Tissue of Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Ehara, Y., Mifune, Y., Inui, A., Yamaura, K., Shinohara, I., Kusunose, M., Tanaka, S., Nakabayashi, D., Matsumoto, T., & Kuroda, R. (2025) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.70090 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Exercise suppresses apoptosis for alleviating Parkinson’s disease: effects on pathophysiological molecular pathways

Chen, J., Liu, X., Wu, Y., Wang, C., & Wang, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1810397 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Novel insight into PINK1/parkin-associated autophagy implicated in Parkinson disease

Stegmüller, J. (2026) · Translational Neuroscience · doi:10.1515/tnsci-2025-0386 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Neuroprotective effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease

Chong, A. E. Y., Sasmita, A. O., Koh, R. Y., & Ling, A. P. K. (2026) · Neuroprotection/Neuroprotection (Chichester, England. Print) · doi:10.1002/nep3.70039 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Effects and mechanisms of water extract of Uraria crinit a on manganese chloride-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells

Liang, J., Yin, W., Li, D., Huang, M. N., Si, W., Luo, C., & Wu, W. (2025) · CyTA - Journal of Food · doi:10.1080/19476337.2025.2463499 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Study on synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid by reduction of 7-ketolithocholic acid in double aprotic solvents and molecular simulations

Dai, M., Xu, B., Guo, Q., Wan, J., & Cao, X. (2023) · Bioresources and Bioprocessing · doi:10.1186/s40643-023-00668-x

Nanotechnology and Nature-Sourced Ingredients for Tackling Neurodegenerative Diseases

Rocha, V., Ribeiro, J., Machado, R., & Gomes, A. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-9510-3_8

Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates Xanthium Strumarium induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats by inhibiting mitochondrial pore opening

Alkaç, Z. K., Korkak, F. A., Dağoğlu, G., Eröksüz, Y., & Tanyıldızı, S. (2025) · Revista Científica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias · doi:10.52973/rcfcv-e35602

Effects of Musk Pharmacopuncture and Cheonung Pharmacopuncture in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Kim, S., Xu, W., Seo, J. E., Nosrati, F., Shim, Y. R., Kim, H.-Y., & Kim, B.-K. (2025) · Korean Journal of Acupuncture · doi:10.14406/acu.2025.007

Inhibition of calcium-sensing receptor by its antagonist protects dopaminergic neurons from MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via regulating mitochondrial function, autophagy, and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro

Qi, H., Shen, D., Wang, H., Sang, W., & Jiang, C. (2025) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138351

Ursodeoxycholic Acid is a Multifunctional Agent in Gastroenterology

Kovaleva, N. B. (2025) · Ural Medical Journal · doi:10.52420/umj.24.5.116

The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Koletsi, S., Uras, G., & Schapira, A. H. V. (2025) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21992-4.00026-9

Peroxisomal dynamics in degenerative retinopathies: implications of retinal lipid metabolism and therapeutic potential

Sun, S., Sun, M., Feng, Z., Wang, X., Zhao, B., Wang, K., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Ding, S., Zhang, C., et al. (2026) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2026.110979

Intranasal delivery of a nanoencapsulated ursodeoxycholic acid-ferulic acid prodrug enables CNS exposure to antioxidant agents

Botti, G., Marchesi, E., Ferraro, L., Beggiato, S., Bianchi, A., Pavan, B., Contado, C., Spizzo, F., Bianco, L. D., Perrone, D., et al. (2026) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108388

Kinsenoside alleviates MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease via Akt activation and apoptosis inhibition in a mouse model

Yeh, T.-M., Sung, W., Li, M.-Z., Chang, C.-I., & Shih, W. (2026) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116314

Comparative Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Molecular Networks

Zhou, B., Zhong, Y., Meng, X., Xu, B., & Jia, L. (2026) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph19101512

Analysis of multidimensional molecular mechanisms in Parkinson's disease and precise therapeutic strategies

Chen, X., Zhao, Z., Shen, Y., Ji, Y., Yao, X., Gu, X., Qi, L., & Sun, H. (2026) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2026.116041

Future directions in Parkinson's disease pharmacotherapy

Abo‐elnour, D. E., Helal, M. M., Ahmed, B. A., Abouelmagd, M. E., Hefnawy, M. T., Alsalhi, H. K., Abdelkader, A., Al-dardery, N. M., & Alshwayyat, S. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27702-3.00025-x

Dihydromyricetin Alleviates Reserpine-Induced Depression by Modulating the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis

Wang, Z., Lu, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, H., Liao, X., Li, J., Huang, J., Wang, K., Liu, Z., & Zhu, M. (2026) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6c05330

Neuroprotective Effects of the Calculus Bovis-Fel Ursi-Moschus Formulation in Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Baek, Y.-E., Gong, J., Yang, G., Park, S. B., Khan, A., Kim, J. U., Yook, T. H., & Jang, J. Y. (2026) · Innovations in Acupuncture and Medicine · doi:10.1186/s44424-026-00076-w

BindingDB Entry 50023435: Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and the Advances of Drug Discovery.

BindingDB (2026) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2rj4qdj

Protective Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid Against Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Pathway in MPTP-Induced Parkinson Disease

Jiang, C., Shen, D., Li, K., Wang, H., Sang, W., & Qi, H. (2022) · Clinical Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1097/wnf.0000000000000528 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Ursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates apoptotic cascade in the rotenone model of Parkinson's disease: Modulation of mitochondrial perturbations

Abdelkader, N. F., Safar, M. M., & Salem, H. A. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9043-8 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on Parkinson’s disease, a mechanistic review of the recent evidence

Razavi, S. M., Esmaealzadeh, N., Ataei, M., Afshari, N., Saleh, M., Amini, Y., Hasrati, S., Hashemi, F. G., Mortazavi, A., Shalmani, L. M., et al. (2025) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-025-01542-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Novel insights into the antioxidant role of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

Rosa, A. I., Fonseca, I., Nunes, M. J., Moreira, S., Rodrigues, E., Carvalho, A. N., Rodrigues, C. M. P., Gama, M. J., & Castro-Caldas, M. (2017) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.06.004 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Ursolic acid attenuates oxidative stress in nigrostriatal tissue and improves neurobehavioral activity in MPTP-induced Parkinsonian mouse model

Nand, S., Yadav, S. K., Singh, D., & Singh, S. P. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.12.002 · Cited by 210 · see citing works