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Spatiotemporal dynamics of human object recognition processing: An integrated high-density electrical mapping and functional imaging study of “closure” processes
Abstract
Humans are capable of recognizing objects, often despite highly adverse viewing conditions (e.g., occlusion). The term "perceptual closure" has been used to refer to the neural processes responsible for "filling-in" missing information in the visual image under such conditions. Closure phenomena have been linked to a group of object recognition areas, the so-called lateral-occipital complex (LOC). Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of perceptual closure processes by coregistering data from high-density electrical recordings (ERPs) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while subjects participated in a perceptual closure task. Subjects were presented with highly fragmented images and control scrambled images. Fragmented images were calibrated to be 'just' recognizable as objects (that is, perceptual closure was necessary), whereas the scrambled images were unrecognizable. Comparison of responses to these two stimulus classes revealed the neural processes underlying perceptual closure. fMRI revealed an object recognition system that mediates these closure processes, the core of which consists of the LOC regions. ERP recordings resulted in the well-characterized N(CL) component (for negativity associated with closure), a robust relative negativity over bilateral occipito-temporal scalp that occurs in the 230-400 ms timeframe. Our investigations further revealed an extended network of dorsal and frontal regions, also involved in perceptual closure processes. Inverse source analysis showed that the major generators of N(CL) localized to the identical regions within LOC revealed by the fMRI recordings and detailed the temporal dynamics across these LOC regions including interactions between LOC and these other nodes of the object recognition circuit.
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“A fundamental role of the M system/dorsal stream might be to produce a low-resolution template of the visual scene that influences perceptual processes, such as categorization of natural images, object recognition, and perceptual grouping in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex, by allowing P pathway fine-detailed input to be used more effectively (3,75–80).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [80]
In the citing paper
“This process, often referred to as the “cat behind the Venetian blind effect,” depends upon rapid transmission of low resolution information through the magnocellular/dorsal stream visual system to prefrontal cortex even in advance of more detailed information reaching ventral stream visual cortex via the parvocellular visual system (96, 97).”
From Sensory Processing Dysfunction in the Personal Experience and Neuronal Machinery of Schizophrenia (2015) · cites this paper as [96]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sehatpour, P., Molholm, S., Javitt, D. C., & Foxe, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Foxe, John J.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 605-618
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2028527520
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Center for Advanced Brain Imaging
- National Institute on Aging (AG22696, R03AG022696)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-65350, F32MH068174, MH068174, R01MH065350, MH49334)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Keywords
- perceptual closure, object recognition, lateral occipital complex, event-related potentials, spatiotemporal dynamics, occlusion, fragmented images
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Algorithms, Brain Mapping, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Electroencephalography, Electrophysiology, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Occipital Lobe, Perceptual Closure, Photic Stimulation, Time Factors, Recognition, Psychology
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