Thalamocortical Circuit Motifs: A General Framework
Open accessAbstract
The role of the thalamus in cortical sensory transmission is well known, but its broader role in cognition is less appreciated. Recent studies have shown thalamic engagement in dynamic regulation of cortical activity in attention, executive control, and perceptual decision-making, but the circuit mechanisms underlying such functionality are unknown. Because the thalamus is composed of excitatory neurons that are devoid of local recurrent excitatory connectivity, delineating long-range, input-output connectivity patterns of single thalamic neurons is critical for building functional models. We discuss this need in relation to existing organizational schemes such as core versus matrix and first-order versus higher-order relay nuclei. We propose that a new classification is needed based on thalamocortical motifs, where structure naturally informs function. Overall, our synthesis puts understanding thalamic organization at the forefront of existing research in systems and computational neuroscience, with both basic and translational applications.
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Subtype 4's thalamic targeting likely participates in the transmission and processing of sensory information to regulate attention, consciousness, and sensory perception.
“subtype 4 specifically targets the thalamus (Fig. 2C), likely participating in the transmission and processing of sensory information to regulate attention, consciousness, and sensory perception [32,33].”
From The Insular Cortex: An Interface Between Sensation, Emotion and Cognition (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The paper’s section on classification by input describes the lateral geniculate nucleus as a station for visual information traveling to cortex, and its discussion of thalamocortical motifs identifies a role for that nucleus in attentional control. These passages support the proposed sensory and attention-related roles of thalamic circuits, but they do not identify the citing paper’s subtype 4 or establish a role for it in consciousness. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Halassa, M. M., & Sherman, S. M.
- Affiliations
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Halassa, Michael M.
- Sherman, S. Murray
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 762-770
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6886702
- OpenAlex
- W2971601581
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 3.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- thalamus, thalamocortical connections, thalamic relay nuclei, attention, executive function, perceptual decision making
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Decision Making, Geniculate Bodies, Humans, Neural Pathways, Thalamus, Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus, Executive Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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