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Variability in neuronal activity in primate cortex during working memory tasks
Abstract
Persistent elevated neuronal activity has been identified as the neuronal correlate of working memory. It is generally assumed in the literature and in computational and theoretical models of working memory that memory-cell activity is stable and replicable; however, this assumption may be an artifact of the averaging of data collected across trials, and needs experimental verification. In this study, we introduce a classification scheme to characterize the firing frequency trends of cells recorded from the cortex of monkeys during performance of working memory tasks. We examine the frequency statistics and variability of firing during baseline and memory periods. We also study the behavior of cells on individual trials and across trials, and explore the stability of cellular firing during the memory period. We find that cells from different firing-trend classes possess markedly different statistics. We also find that individual cells show substantial variability in their firing behavior across trials, and that firing frequency also varies markedly over the course of a single trial. Finally, the average frequency distribution is wider, the magnitude of the frequency increases from baseline to memory smaller, and the magnitude of frequency decreases larger than is generally assumed. These results may serve as a guide in the evaluation of current theories of the cortical mechanisms of working memory.
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“Besides the memory for reward, the activity of primate cortical neurons reflects other types of short-term memory.”
From A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons (2011) · cites this paper as [43]
In the citing paper
“The time course of memory-related activity varies across different neurons and different task protocols, including persistent, ramping, and multi-phasic activity41-43.”
From A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons (2011) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Shafi, M., Zhou, Y., Quintana, J., Chow, C., Fuster, J., & Bodner, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fuster, J.
- Bodner, M.
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1082-1108
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1963850213
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Whitehall Foundation
- Mind and Life Institute (MH-01508)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-25082, MH-51697)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- working memory, firing rate, persistent neuronal activity, primate cortex, single-unit recording, trial-to-trial variability, baseline activity
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Animals, Haplorhini, Cerebral Cortex, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Electrophysiology, Extracellular Space, Memory, Short-Term, Nerve Net, Neurons, Parietal Lobe, Prefrontal Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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