New insights into corticosteroid-binding globulin and glucocorticoid delivery
Abstract
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) binds cortisol with high affinity and facilitates its transport in the blood. A recent discovery suggests that CBG may have a role beyond that of a simple transport carrier protein. CBG functions as a protein thermocouple that is exquisitely sensitive to temperature change, releasing cortisol in response to increasing temperatures within the human physiological range. It is also expressed in the human hypothalamus and cerebrospinal fluid, while in the rodent it is also found in other intracellular neuronal locations, suggesting a role in regulating access of glucocorticoids to their receptors in the CNS. Genetic variants of CBG have been detected in man and have been associated with fatigue-pain syndromes and hypotension, again suggesting a potential effect of CBG on the access of cortisol to brain glucocorticoid receptors. These new findings provide the basis for a novel concept of the mechanisms through which the body regulates access of glucocorticoids to the brain and other tissues of the body.
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Corticosteroid-binding globulin binds up to 90% of circulating glucocorticoids, and free circulating glucocorticoids are usually about 5%.
“CBG is a thermosensitive glycoprotein that binds up to 90% of circulating GCs in the bloodstream. The remaining 10% may also be associated to serum albumin. In consequence, the levels of free circulating GCs are usually about 5% (66, 67).”
From The HPA – Immune Axis and the Immunomodulatory Actions of Glucocorticoids in the Brain (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
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Henckens, M. J. A. G., Pu, Z., Hermans, E. J., van Wingen, G. A., Joëls, M., & Fernández, G. (2012) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21409 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Greater glucocorticoid receptor activation in hippocampus of aged rats sensitizes microglia
Barrientos, R. M., Thompson, V. M., Kitt, M. M., Amat, J., Hale, M. W., Frank, M. G., Crysdale, N. Y., Stamper, C. E., Hennessey, P. A., Watkins, L. R., et al. (2015) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.003 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Impact of Cortisol on Reduction in Muscle Strength and Mass: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Katsuhara, S., Yokomoto-Umakoshi, M., Umakoshi, H., Matsuda, Y., Iwahashi, N., Kaneko, H., Ogata, M., Fukumoto, T., Terada, E., Sakamoto, R., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab862 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The role of corticosteroid-binding globulin in the evaluation of adrenal insufficiency
Verbeeten, K. C., & Ahmet, A. H. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1515/jpem-2017-0270 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
- Authors
- Henley, D. E., & Lightman, S. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lightman, S.L.
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 180
- Pages
- 1-8
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967090449
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- corticosteroid-binding globulin, cortisol, glucocorticoid delivery, hypothalamus, cerebrospinal fluid, glucocorticoid receptor, genetic variants, hypotension
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Transcortin
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