Cited by 59Retinal Development and DisordersTGF-β signaling in diseasesGlaucoma and retinal disorders

TGF-β signaling is required for maintenance of retinal ganglion cell differentiation and survival

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Walshe, T.E., Leach, L.L., D'Amore, P.A.·2011·Neuroscience

Abstract

Purpose To determine the role of TGF-β1 in the maintenance of retinal ganglion cell line (RGC-5) differentiation and integrity. Methods RGC-5 cells were differentiated in media conditioned by human non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells (HNPE) for 4 days before treatment with TGF-β1 for 24 h. Cells were examined for morphological changes and harvested for western blot and real-time PCR analysis. For study of apoptosis, differentiated RGC-5 cells were grown in serum-free medium for 24 h in the presence or absence of TGF-β1 and collected for Annexin V/Propidium iodide FACs analysis. The role of MAPK pathways in TGF-β1-dependent signaling was determined by treatment with specific inhibitors of ERK, JNK and p38. Results Differentiation of RGC-5 cells in HNPE-conditioned media (CM) increased the neural cell markers, Brn-3c, NF-160, Thy1.2, Tau and PGP9.5. Treatment with TGF-β1 significantly increased the length of neurites extended by differentiated RGC-5s, concomitant with increased expression of NF-160 and PGP9.5, but not Brn-3c, Thy1.2 or Tau. TGF-β1 also decreased RGC-5 cell apoptosis in serum-free medium. p38 phosphorylation, but not smad2/3, JNK or ERK phosphorylation, was increased in TGF-β1 treated cells. Specific inhibition of p38 signaling reversed TGF-β1 induced neurite growth. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the induction of RGC-5 cell differentiation by HNPE-derived CM and illustrate a role for TGF-β1 in maintaining RGC-5 cell survival and promoting neurite outgrowth through p38 MAPK.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.020

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  • These growth factors may produce non-canonical signaling outside of the Smad transcription factors, such as through the MAPK pathway.

    “These growth factors may produce non-canonical signaling outside of the Smad transcription factors, such as through the MAPK pathway40,41.”

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  1. Tchedre KT Huang RQ Dibas A Krishnamoorthy RR Dillon GH Yorio T 2008b Sigma-1 receptor regulation of voltage-gated calcium channels involves a direct interaction between sigma-1 receptors and the voltage-gated L-type calcium channel Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 18641291

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Authors
Walshe, T. E., Leach, L. L., & D'Amore, P. A.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Venue
Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-08
Volume
189
Pages
123-131
ISSN
0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1982118682
Cited by
59
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • NIH (EY05318)
  • Core grant for Vision Research (P30EY14104)
  • Knights Templar Eye Foundation award
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Keywords
TGF-β1 signaling, retinal ganglion cells, RGC-5 cells, neuronal differentiation, cell survival, neurite outgrowth, p38 MAPK, apoptosis, PGP 9.5, MAPK inhibition
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Cell Survival, Cilia, Epithelial Cells, Humans, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Signal Transduction, Biomarkers, Neurites, Culture Media, Conditioned, Apoptosis, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Intracellular Space, Rats, Smad Proteins, Transforming Growth Factor beta1

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