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Probiotics treatment improves diabetes-induced impairment of synaptic activity and cognitive function: Behavioral and electrophysiological proofs for microbiome–gut–brain axis
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus-induced metabolic disturbances underlie the action of many systems including some higher functions of the brain such as learning and memory. Plenty of evidence supports the effects of probiotics on the function of many systems including the nervous system. Here we report the effect of probiotics treatment on the behavioral and electrophysiological aspects of learning and memory disorders. Diabetic rats were made through intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin. The control and diabetic rats were fed with either normal regimen (control rats recieving normal regimen (CO) and diabetics rats receiving normal regimen (DC), respectively) or normal regimen plus probiotic supplementation for 2months (control rats receiving probiotic supplementation (CP) and diabetics rats recieving probiotic supplementation (DP), respectively). The animals were first introduced to spatial learning task in the Morris water maze. Then, in electrophysiological experiments, stimulating the Schaffer collaterals the basic and potentiated excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSPs) were recorded in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. Finally, the serum levels of glucose, insulin, superoxide dismutase and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured. We found that probiotics administration considerably improved the impaired spatial memory in the diabetic animals. The probiotics supplementation in the diabetic rats recovered the declined basic synaptic transmission and further restored the hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). While the probiotics administration enhanced the activation of superoxide dismutase and increased the insulin level of serum it decreased both the glucose level of serum and the 8-OHdG factor. From the present results we concluded that probiotics efficiently reverse deteriorated brain functions in the levels of cognitive performances and their proposed synaptic mechanisms in diabetes mellitus. These considerations imply on the necessity of an optimal function of the microbiome-gut-brain axis in the behavioral as well as electrophysiological aspects of brain action.
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In the citing paper
“For example, probiotic supplementation with a mixture of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains considerably improved spatial memory deficits in diabetic animals (Davari et al., 2013).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Davari et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“In a seminal in vivo, hippocampal electrophysiology experiment neurophysiological and behavioral impairments in a diabetic rat model of diabetes mellitus were rescued with the probiotic treatment of L. acidophilus, B. lactis and L. fermentum (Davari et al., 2013).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Davari et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Animal studies suggest that probiotics can modulate endogenous neuroactive molecules [17], prevent and treat neuronal autoimmune diseases [18], and ameliorate impaired spatial memory in diabetic rats [19].”
From Effect of Supplementation with Probiotics in Patients with Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“In addition, animal studies imply on the necessity of an optimal function of what is known as the microbiome-gut-brain axis in the behavioral as well as electrophysiological aspects of brain action (Davari et al., 2013).”
From Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Metabolic Status in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind and Controlled Trial (2016) · cites this paper as Davari et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“However, data on the effects of probiotics on improving cognitive disorders are scarce (Bhattacharjee and Lukiw, 2013; Davari et al., 2013).”
From Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Metabolic Status in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind and Controlled Trial (2016) · cites this paper as Davari et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“In our previous work, we have shown that probiotics efficiently reverse the impaired spatial learning and memory as well as synaptic transmission in diabetes mellitus (Davari et al., 2013).”
From Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Metabolic Status in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind and Controlled Trial (2016) · cites this paper as Davari et al., 2013
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Metadata
- Authors
- Davari, S., Talaei, S. A., Alaei, H., & salami, M.
- Affiliations
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Kashan University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Corresponding author
- salami, M.
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 240
- Pages
- 287-296
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082281485
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9
- FWCI
- 33.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deputy of Research, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (390491)
- Deputy of Research, Kashan University of Medical Sciences (9020)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- probiotics, diabetes mellitus, microbiome-gut-brain axis, spatial memory, learning disabilities, hippocampus, synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation, excitatory postsynaptic potentials, Schaffer collaterals, oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, insulin, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, cognitive function
- MeSH terms
- 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Biophysics, Blood Glucose, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Deoxyguanosine, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Administration Schedule, Electric Stimulation, Hippocampus, Insulin, Male, Streptozocin, Superoxide Dismutase, Rats, Wistar, Long-Term Potentiation, Maze Learning, Probiotics, Rats, Metagenome, In Vitro Techniques
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