Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria–gut–brain signals

Sarkar, Amar; Lehto, Soili M.; Harty, Siobhán; Dinan, Timothy G.; Cryan, John F.; Burnet, Philip W.J.

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002

Cited by 1,068Probiotics and Fermented FoodsGut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disorders

Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria–gut–brain signals

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Sarkar, Amar, Lehto, Soili M., Harty, Siobhán, Dinan, Timothy G., Cryan, John F., Burnet, Philip W.J.·2016·Trends in Neurosciences

DOI 10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002PMC PMC5102282

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Abstract

Psychobiotics were previously defined as live bacteria (probiotics) which, when ingested, confer mental health benefits through interactions with commensal gut bacteria. We expand this definition to encompass prebiotics, which enhance the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. We review probiotic and prebiotic effects on emotional, cognitive, systemic, and neural variables relevant to health and disease. We discuss gut-brain signalling mechanisms enabling psychobiotic effects, such as metabolite production. Overall, knowledge of how the microbiome responds to exogenous influence remains limited. We tabulate several important research questions and issues, exploration of which will generate both mechanistic insights and facilitate future psychobiotic development. We suggest the definition of psychobiotics be expanded beyond probiotics and prebiotics to include other means of influencing the microbiome.

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Several studies in animal models have shown therapeutic effects of probiotic LAB strains on cognitive processes and a reduction in psychophysiological markers of anxiety and depression.
“Several studies in animal models have unfolded the therapeutic effect associated to the administration of probiotic LAB strains upon cognitive processes and a reduction in psychophysiological markers of anxiety and depression [237].”
From Lactic Acid Bacteria in Raw-Milk Cheeses: From Starter Cultures to Probiotic Functions (2022) · cites this paper as [237]

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Authors: Sarkar, A., Lehto, S. M., Harty, S., Dinan, T. G., Cryan, J. F., & Burnet, P. W. J.
Affiliations: University of Oxford (GB)
University of Eastern Finland (FI)
University College Cork (IE)
Corresponding author: Burnet, Philip W.J.
ORCID: Sarkar, Amar
Lehto, Soili M.
Harty, Siobhán
Dinan, Timothy G.
Cryan, John F.
Burnet, Philip W.J.
Venue: Trends in Neurosciences
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-11
Volume: 39
Issue: 11
Pages: 763-781
ISSN: 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002
PMC: PMC5102282
OpenAlex: W2542814600
Cited by: 1,068
References: 160
Citations by year: 2026: 86 · 2025: 121 · 2024: 160 · 2023: 132 · 2022: 166 · 2021: 132 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 27
FWCI: 6.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Health Research Board (HRAPOR-2-14-647, HRA_POR/2011/23, HRA_POR/2012/32)
European Commission (613979, MYNEWGUT FP7-KBBE-2013-7)
Science Foundation Ireland
University College Cork
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: psychobiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, gut-brain signaling, gut commensal bacteria, microbial metabolites, mental health, cognitive function, systemic effects, microbiome manipulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Emotions, Humans, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract, Prebiotics, Microbiota

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Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria–gut–brain signals

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