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Role of myelin plasticity in oscillations and synchrony of neuronal activity
Open accessAbstract
Conduction time is typically ignored in computational models of neural network function. Here we consider the effects of conduction delays on the synchrony of neuronal activity and neural oscillators, and evaluate the consequences of allowing conduction velocity (CV) to be regulated adaptively. We propose that CV variation, mediated by myelin, could provide an important mechanism of activity-dependent nervous system plasticity. Even small changes in CV, resulting from small changes in myelin thickness or nodal structure, could have profound effects on neuronal network function in terms of spike-time arrival, oscillation frequency, oscillator coupling, and propagation of brain waves. For example, a conduction delay of 5ms could change interactions of two coupled oscillators at the upper end of the gamma frequency range (∼100Hz) from constructive to destructive interference; delays smaller than 1ms could change the phase by 30°, significantly affecting signal amplitude. Myelin plasticity, as another form of activity-dependent plasticity, is relevant not only to nervous system development but also to complex information processing tasks that involve coupling and synchrony among different brain rhythms. We use coupled oscillator models with time delays to explore the importance of adaptive time delays and adaptive synaptic strengths. The impairment of activity-dependent myelination and the loss of adaptive time delays may contribute to disorders where hyper- and hypo-synchrony of neuronal firing leads to dysfunction (e.g., dyslexia, schizophrenia, epilepsy).
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“even small changes in myelination can exert profound effects on neural circuit dynamics and consequently on cognitive function (Steadman et al., 2020; Noori et al., 2020; Pajevic et al., 2014).”
From Mild respiratory COVID can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation (2022) · cites this paper as Pajevic et al., 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pajevic, S., Basser, P. J., & Fields, R. D.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US)
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 276
- Pages
- 135-147
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4037390
- OpenAlex
- W2090410452
- Cited by
- 378
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 12.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (ZIAHD000713)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- myelin plasticity, conduction delay, conduction velocity, neuronal synchronization, neural oscillations, coupled oscillators, time delay, myelination, gamma oscillations, activity-dependent plasticity, dyslexia, schizophrenia, epilepsy
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Brain, Computer Simulation, Humans, Models, Neurological, Myelin Sheath, Nerve Net, Neural Conduction, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Brain Waves
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