Short-term changes in lipoprotein subclasses and C-reactive protein levels of hypertriglyceridemic adults on low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets
Abstract
Diets designed to promote weight loss and improve atherogenic lipid profiles traditionally include a reduction in total fat and, in particular, saturated fats. This study was designed to test the efficacy of a low-fat diet vs a carbohydrate (CHO)-restricted (low-CHO) diet in hypertriglyceridemic patients on lipid profile, weight loss, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and satiety. Twenty-eight hypertriglyceridemic subjects (based on fasting triacylglycerol [TG] levels exceeding 1.69 mmol/L) were randomized to either the low-CHO or low-fat diet for 8 weeks. Fasting bloods were acquired at weeks 0 and 8 and analyzed for lipids and hs-CRP. Body weight and other anthropometric measures were also obtained. Three random 24-hour food recalls were used to assess compliance during the trial and 2 recalls before randomization to permit individualized dietary education. A significant time-by-treatment interaction was observed (P = .045), wherein the small low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were reduced by 46% in the low-CHO-assigned subjects and increased by 36% for those assigned the low-fat plan. The observed decrease in TG (18%) among low-CHO subjects, in contrast to the 4% increase for low-fat group, was not significant, nor were there significant differences in hs-CRP, overall dietary compliance, satiety, or the magnitude of body weight loss between groups (low-CHO group, -3.8% vs low-fat group, -1.6%). Favorable reductions in small low-density lipoprote…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In a short-term (8-week) study, body weight decreased by 1.7 kg and triglycerides decreased 18% on a low-carbohydrate (20% energy) diet in individuals with elevated triglyceride levels (≥150 mg/dL).
“In a short-term (8-week) study designed to assess the effects of a low-carbohydrate (20% energy) versus a lower-fat (33% energy) diet on lipids and lipoproteins in individuals with elevated triglyceride levels (≥150 mg/dL), body weight decreased by 1.7 kg and triglycerides decreased 18% on the low-carbohydrate diet (66).”
From 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
No effect on triglycerides was seen with the lower-fat diet despite a weight loss of 0.7 kg.
“No effect on triglycerides was seen with the lower-fat diet despite a weight loss of 0.7 kg.”
From 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
Cites
Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention
Ridker, P. M. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000053730.47739.3c · Cited by 2,513 · see citing works
A Randomized Trial of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet for Obesity
Foster, G. D., Wyatt, H. R., Hill, J. O., McGuckin, B. G., Brill, C., Mohammed, B. S., Szapary, P. O., Rader, D. J., Edman, J. S., & Klein, S. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa022207 · Cited by 1,794 · see citing works
A Low-Carbohydrate as Compared with a Low-Fat Diet in Severe Obesity
Samaha, F. F., Iqbal, N., Seshadri, P., Chicano, K. L., Daily, D. A., McGrory, J., Williams, T., Williams, M., Gracely, E. J., & Stern, L. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa022637 · Cited by 1,267 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Different subject characteristics, proportion of dietary CHO, and the shorter study duration might explain why weight loss was less than that reported in these studies [22,26,31].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNordmann, A. J., Nordmann, A., Briel, M., Keller, U., Yancy, W. S., Brehm, B. J., & Bucher, H. C. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.3.285 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Weight Loss Reduces C-Reactive Protein Levels in Obese Postmenopausal Women
Tchernof, A., Nolan, A., Sites, C. K., Ades, P. A., & Poehlman, E. T. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc0502.103331 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Kopp, H. P., Kopp, C. W., Festa, A., Krzyzanowska, K., Kriwanek, S., Minar, E., Roka, R., & Schernthaner, G. (2003) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000073313.16135.21 · Cited by 427 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Obesity is also characterized by an inflammatory state, often reflected by elevated plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels [5], which fall with weight reduction [6,7].”
BackgroundSeparate effects of reduced carbohydrate intake and weight loss on atherogenic dyslipidemia
Krauss, R. M., Blanche, P. J., Rawlings, R. S., Fernstrom, H. S., & Williams, P. T. (2006) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.5.1025 · Cited by 321 · cited 3× · see citing works
“recent meta-analysis [3] and a clinical trial [4], the lowcarbohydrate (low-CHO) diet may promote more favorable triacyglycerol (TG) and lipoprotein subclass changes than does the low-fat diet.”
BackgroundKatcher, H. I., Legro, R. S., Kunselman, A. R., Gillies, P. J., Demers, L. M., Bagshaw, D. M., & Kris-Etherton, P. M. (2008) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.1.79 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Meckling, K. A., O’Sullivan, C., & Saari, D. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031606 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Wood, R. J., Fernandez, M. L., Sharman, M. J., Silvestre, R., Greene, C. M., Zern, T. L., Shrestha, S., Judelson, D. A., Gomez, A. L., Kraemer, W. J., et al. (2007) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2006.08.021 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Virani, S. S., Morris, P. B., Agarwala, A., Ballantyne, C. M., Birtcher, K. K., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Ladden-Stirling, A. B., Miller, M., Orringer, C. E., & Stone, N. J. (2021) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.06.011 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Naude, C. E., Schoonees, A., Senekal, M., Young, T., Garner, P., & Volmink, J. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100652 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Fechner, E., Smeets, E., Schrauwen, P., & Mensink, R. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12040991 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) in weight, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, TAGs, glucose, insulin, systolic and diastolic BP, and 95% confidence intervals were determined using fixed-effect meta-analyses and visualized using forest plots.”
Influential
- Authors
- Stoernell, C. K., Tangney, C. C., & Rockway, S. W.
- Affiliations
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tangney, Christy C.
- ORCID
- Tangney, Christy C.
- Venue
- Nutrition Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 443-449
- ISSN
- 0271-5317 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2164001044
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Rush University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- hypertriglyceridemia, low-carbohydrate diet, low-fat diet, lipoprotein subclasses, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, triglycerides, weight loss, satiety, dietary adherence, atherogenic lipid profile, dietary fat restriction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Fasting, Female, Humans, Lipoproteins, Lipoproteins, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Satiation, Triglycerides, Hypertriglyceridemia, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
