Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other clinical markers of cardiovascular risk

Wood, Richard J.; Fernandez, Maria Luz; Sharman, Matthew J.; Silvestre, Ricardo; Greene, Christine M.; Zern, Tosca L.; Shrestha, Sudeep; Judelson, Daniel A.; Gomez, Ana L.; Kraemer, William J.; Volek, Jeff S.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2006.08.021

Cited by 87Diet and metabolism studiesDietary Effects on HealthNutritional Studies and Diet

Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other clinical markers of cardiovascular risk

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Wood, Richard J., Fernandez, Maria Luz, Sharman, Matthew J., Silvestre, Ricardo, Greene, Christine M., Zern, Tosca L., Shrestha, Sudeep, Judelson, Daniel A. +3 more·2007·Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.08.021

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Abstract

Carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) promote weight loss, reductions in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, and increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels but may cause undesirable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) responses in some people. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of adding soluble fiber to a CRD on plasma LDL-C and other traditionally measured markers of cardiovascular disease. Using a parallel-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 30 overweight and obese men (body mass index, 25-35 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to supplement a CRD with soluble fiber (Konjac-mannan, 3g/d) (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15). Plasma lipids, anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, and nutrient intake were evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks. Compliance was excellent as assessed by 7-day weighed dietary records and ketonuria. Both groups experienced decreases in (P < .01) body weight, percent body fat, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and plasma glucose levels. After 12 weeks, HDL-C and TAG improved significantly in the fiber (10% and -34%) and placebo (14%, -43%) groups. LDL-C decreased by 17.6% (P < .01) at week 6 and 14.1% (P < .01) at week 12 in the fiber group. Conversely, LDL-C reductions were significant in the placebo group only after 12 weeks (-6.0%, P < .05). We conclude that although clearly effective at lowering LDL-C, adding soluble fiber to a CRD during active and significant weight loss provides no additional benefits to the diet alone. Furthermore, a CRD led to clinically important positive alterations in cardiovascular disease risk factors.

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Through the production of beta-hydroxybutyrate, the WFKD has been suggested to reduce some of the requirement for butyrate, which is likely responsible for some of the benefits of dietary fiber.
“However, through the production of beta-hydroxybutyrate, the WFKD has been suggested to reduce some of the requirement for butyrate, which is likely responsible for some of the of the benefits of dietary fiber (49).”
From Effect of a ketogenic diet versus Mediterranean diet on glycated hemoglobin in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Interventional Keto-Med Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022) · cites this paper as [49]

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The effects of a carbohydrate restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on cardiovascular risk and lipoprotein metabolism in men
Wood, R. J. (2006) · OpenCommons - UConn (University of Connecticut)
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Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on emerging plasma markers for cardiovascular disease
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A carbohydrate restricted diet (CRD) favorably affects lipoprotein metabolism in overweight men
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Carbohydrate Restriction Alters Lipoprotein Metabolism by Modifying VLDL, LDL, and HDL Subfraction Distribution and Size in Overweight Men
Wood, R. J., Volek, J. S., Liu, Y., Shachter, N. S., Contois, J. H., & Fernández, M. L. (2006) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/136.2.384 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effects of carbohydrate restricted diets on low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of large randomised controlled trials of at least 6 months
Gjuladin-Hellon, T., Davies, I. G., Penson, P. E., & Baghbadorani, R. A. (2018) · Liverpool John Moores University

Authors: Wood, R. J., Fernandez, M. L., Sharman, M. J., Silvestre, R., Greene, C. M., Zern, T. L., Shrestha, S., Judelson, D. A., Gomez, A. L., Kraemer, W. J., & Volek, J. S.
Affiliations: University of Connecticut (US)
Corresponding author: Wood, Richard J.
ORCID: Wood, Richard J.
Sharman, Matthew J.
Shrestha, Sudeep
Kraemer, William J.
Volek, Jeff S.
Venue: Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-01
Volume: 56
Issue: 1
Pages: 58-67
ISSN: 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.08.021
OpenAlex: W2058161009
Cited by: 87
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 3.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
Research Online (Edith Cowan University) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: University of Connecticut
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords: low-carbohydrate diet, soluble dietary fiber, konjac mannan, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, cardiovascular risk factors, weight loss, obesity, overweight men, blood pressure, ketonuria, dietary adherence
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Composition, Body Weight, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dietary Fiber, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Insulin, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Mannans, Middle Aged, Triglycerides, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted

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Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other clinical markers of cardiovascular risk

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