Asiaticoside: Attenuation of neurotoxicity induced by MPTP in a rat model of Parkinsonism via maintaining redox balance and up-regulating the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of asiaticoside, a triterpenoid saponin isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Centella asiatica, in the rats model of Parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Rats were first injected with MPTP. One day after surgery, asiaticoside was administered and the behavioral tests were assessed. On 14th day, the rats were sacrificed, substantia nigra (SN) and striatum were dissected, and then dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in striatum and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) contents, reduced glutathione (GSH) level and gene expression level in SN were estimated. Treatment with asiaticoside was found to protect dopaminergic neuron by antagonizing MPTP induced neurotoxicity and to improve locomotor dysfunction. Asiaticoside significantly attenuated the MPTP-induced reduction of dopamine in the striatum. The content of MDA was significantly decreased while the GSH level was significantly increased in asiaticoside-treated groups. In addition, asiaticoside increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. These results indicated that asiaticoside was effective in reversing MPTP induced Parkinsonism via its neuroprotective effects including antioxidant activity, maintaining the metabolic balance of DA, and increasing ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.
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Asiaticoside reduces malondialdehyde levels and increases glutathione expression in MPTP rat models of Parkinsonism.
“Most significantly, asiaticoside tackled oxidative stress by reducing the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels which induce oxidative damage to proteins and lipids involved in PD, and also increased the expression of the potent antioxidant glutathione (GSH).”
From Therapeutic Properties and Pharmacological Activities of Asiaticoside and Madecassoside: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [63]
Asiaticoside preserves dopaminergic neurons in MPTP rat models of Parkinsonism by inhibiting MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, maintaining dopamine metabolic balance, protecting against locomotor dysfunction, preventing oxidative damage, upregulating Bcl-2 and reducing pro-apoptotic Bax.
“Asiaticoside‐treated MPTP rat models of Parkinsonism have shown preservation of dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting MPTP‐induced neurotoxicity and also maintaining the metabolic balance of dopamine, protecting against locomotor dysfunction, preventing oxidative damage and upregulation of Bcl‐2 expression while simultaneously reducing levels of pro‐apoptotic protein Bax.”
From Therapeutic Properties and Pharmacological Activities of Asiaticoside and Madecassoside: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [63]
A high Bcl-2/Bax ratio accounts for reduced ROS generation and higher GSH-stabilized antioxidant activity via Bcl-2, contributing to enhanced resistance against MPTP-induced Parkinsonism.
“Furthermore, the high Bcl‐2/Bax ratio accounts for reduced ROS generation and higher GSH‐stabilized antioxidant activity via the action of Bcl‐2, thus contributing to enhanced resistance against MPTP‐induced Parkinsonism. 63”
From Therapeutic Properties and Pharmacological Activities of Asiaticoside and Madecassoside: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [63]
Cites
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Orhan, I. E. (2012) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/946259 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Therapeutic Properties and Pharmacological Activities of Asiaticoside and Madecassoside: A Review
Bandopadhyay, S., Mandal, S., Ghorai, M., Jha, N. K., Kumar, M., Radha, Ghosh, A., Proćków, J., Pérez de la Lastra, J. M., & Dey, A. (2023) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.17635 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
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“ginseng Ginsenoside Rc HD Ca2+ signaling pathway [124]”
Background
- Authors
- Xu, C.-L., Wang, Q.-Z., Sun, L.-M., Li, X.-M., Deng, J.-M., Li, L.-F., Zhang, J., Xu, R., & Ma, S.-P.
- Affiliations
- Northeastern University (US)
- China Pharmaceutical University (CN)
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Venue
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 413-418
- ISSN
- 0091-3057 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2036046105
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Jiangsu Province Program for Culture and Creation Project
- Research Innovation Program Project for Graduate Students in Jiangsu Province
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- asiaticoside, Centella asiatica, MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, Parkinson's disease model, neuroprotection, redox homeostasis, oxidative stress, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, apoptosis, dopamine metabolism, substantia nigra, striatum, locomotor dysfunction, antioxidant activity, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Corpus Striatum, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Expression Regulation, Glutathione, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Oxidation-Reduction, Random Allocation, RNA, Messenger, Substantia Nigra, Triterpenes, Lipid Peroxidation, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, Rats, Wistar, Neuroprotective Agents, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Parkinsonian Disorders, bcl-2-Associated X Protein, Rats, Dopaminergic Neurons
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