Centella asiatica extract selectively decreases amyloid β levels in hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease animal model
Open accessAbstract
PSAPP mice expressing the 'Swedish' amyloid precursor protein and the M146L presenilin 1 mutations are a well-characterized model for spontaneous amyloid beta plaque formation. Centella asiatica has a long history of use in India as a memory enhancing drug in Ayurvedic literature. The study investigated whether Centella asiatica extract (CaE) can alter the amyloid pathology in PSAPP mice by administering CaE (2.5 or 5.0 g/kg/day) starting at 2 months of age prior to the onset of detectable amyloid deposition and continued for either 2 months or 8 months. A significant decrease in amyloid beta 1-40 and 1-42 was detectable by ELISA following an 8 month treatment with 2.5 mg/kg of CaE. A reduction in Congo Red stained fibrillar amyloid plaques was detected with the 5.0 mg/kg CaE dose and long-term treatment regimen. It was also confirmed that CaE functions as an antioxidant in vitro, scavenging free radicals, reducing lipid peroxidation and protecting against DNA damage. The data indicate that CaE can impact the amyloid cascade altering amyloid beta pathology in the brains of PSAPP mice and modulating components of the oxidative stress response that has been implicated in the neurodegenerative changes that occur with Alzheimer's disease.
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Eight month treatment with 2.5 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Centella asiatica significantly decreased amyloid beta 1-40 and 1-42 levels in the hippocampus of PSAPP transgenic mice.
“Dhanasekaran et al. [55] found that an 8 month treatment with 2.5 mg/kg of aqueous extract of C. asiatica significantly decreased amyloid beta 1-40 and 1-42 levels in the hippocampus of PSAPP transgenic mice expressing “Swedish” amyloid precursor protein and M146L presenilin 1 mutations, which result in spontaneous amyloid beta plaque formation.”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [55]
Long-term treatment with 5.0 mg/kg Centella asiatica reduced Congo red stained fibrillar amyloid plaques.
“A reduction in Congo red stained fibrillar amyloid plaques was detected on the long-term treatment with 5.0 mg/kg dose.”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [55]
Treatment with 2.5 mg/kg Centella asiatica extract significantly reduced hippocampal Abeta1-40 and Abeta-1-42 levels in double-transgenic PS/APP mice.
“Furthermore, by utilizing double-transgenic PS/APP mice, which spontaneously generate Aβ plaques, studies have demonstrated that treatment with 2.5 mg/kg of C. asiatica extract significantly reduced hippocampal Abeta1-40 and Abeta-1-42 levels [65].”
From The Multifaceted Role of Neuroprotective Plants in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
Long-term treatment with higher dosages of aqueous Centella asiatica extract eventuated in a significant decline in Congo red-positive amyloid fibrillar plaques.
“Consequently, long-term treatment with higher dosages of aqueous C. asiatica extract eventuated in a significant decline in Congo red-positive amyloid fibrillar plaques [65].”
From The Multifaceted Role of Neuroprotective Plants in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
Centella asiatica extract has significant scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species, with 83% of reactive oxygen species removed at a 250 μg dosage.
“Additionally, there was significant scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species with the lowest dosage utilized, which was 25 μg, and 83% of the reactive oxygen species were removed with a 250 μg dosage [65].”
From The Multifaceted Role of Neuroprotective Plants in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
In a PSAPP mouse model, ethanolic extract of CA at 2500-5000 mg/kg/d for 2-8 months reduced Aβ.
“However, a study in a PSAPP mouse model of AD has shown a reduction of Aβ following treatment with an ethanolic extract of CA (which would have a different chemical profile to CAW) [12] when administered at a higher dose for a longer duration of time (2500–5000 mg/kg/d for 2–8 months).”
From Centella Asiatica Improves Memory and Promotes Antioxidative Signaling in 5XFAD Mice (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Dhanasekaran, M., Holcomb, L. A., Hitt, A. R., Tharakan, B., Porter, J. W., Young, K. A., & Manyam, B. V.
- Affiliations
- Texas A&M University System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Manyam, Bala V.
- Venue
- Phytotherapy Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-19
- ISSN
- 0951-418X (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1573
- OpenAlex
- W1987051386
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 11.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Phytotherapy Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH-NCCAM (AT01109-01)
- Scott, Sherwood and Brindley Foundation
- Helen Vosburg McCrillus Plummer and Robert Edward Lee Plummer, Jr. Endowed Fund; Veterans Administration
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Ginkgo biloba and Cashew Applications
- Keywords
- Centella asiatica, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, amyloid plaques, amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, hippocampus, Ayurveda, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Hippocampus, Medicine, Ayurvedic, Mice, Transgenic, Plant Extracts, Triterpenes, Lipid Peroxidation, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Neuroprotective Agents, Centella, Mice, Plaque, Amyloid
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