Actions and Therapeutic Potential of Madecassoside and Other Major Constituents of Centella asiatica: A Review
Open accessAbstract
Centella asiatica is a popular herb well-known for its wide range of therapeutic effects and its use as a folk medicine for many years. Its therapeutic properties have been well correlated with the presence of asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic and madecassic acids, the pentacyclic triterpenes. The herb has been extensively known to treat skin conditions; nevertheless, several pre-clinical and clinical studies have scientifically demonstrated its effectiveness in other disorders. Among the active constituents that have been identified in Centella asiatica, madecassoside has been the subject of only a relatively small number of scientific reports. Therefore, this review, while including other major constituents of this plant, focuses on the therapeutic potential, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of madecassoside.
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Centella asiatica's major bioactive constituents include triterpenoid saponins such as asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid.
“Its major bioactive constituents include triterpenoid saponins such as asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid [19,20,21].”
From A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Effects of Oral Centella asiatica Extract on Skin Aging-Related Parameters in Middle-Aged Korean Women. (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
Section 3, “Active Constituents of C. asiatica” (page not supplied), identifies all four as major bioactive compounds. It classifies asiaticoside and madecassoside as saponins, but asiatic acid and madecassic acid as their aglycones (sapogenins), not saponins. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPreclinical studies have demonstrated that Centella asiatica compounds exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, promote fibroblast proliferation, enhance collagen synthesis, and protect extracellular matrix integrity.
“Preclinical studies have demonstrated that these compounds exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, promote fibroblast proliferation, enhance collagen synthesis, and protect extracellular matrix integrity [16,17,19,22,23,24].”
From A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Effects of Oral Centella asiatica Extract on Skin Aging-Related Parameters in Middle-Aged Korean Women. (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
Section 6.1 reports that madecassoside and asiaticoside promote fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, and describes antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical models. Section 6.2 reports that madecassoside inhibits MMP-13, an enzyme that damages cartilage collagen. These findings are consistent with some protection of matrix components, but the review does not establish the broader claim that the compounds protect extracellular matrix integrity generally. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe observed improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkle parameters may be associated with the biological activities of Centella asiatica-derived triterpenoids.
“The observed improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkle parameters may be associated with the biological activities of Centella asiatica-derived triterpenoids, as reported in previous studies [16,19,33].”
From A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Effects of Oral Centella asiatica Extract on Skin Aging-Related Parameters in Middle-Aged Korean Women. (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
Section 6.1 (page not provided) links Centella asiatica triterpenoids to skin aging and hypothesizes an anti-wrinkle effect through increased type I collagen. It does not report improvements in skin hydration or elasticity, so those parts of the attributed claim are not supported by this review. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredC. asiatica is a traditional medicinal plant used due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and wound healing properties.
“C. asiatica is a traditional medicinal plant used due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and wound healing properties.”
From A systematic review of the effect of Centella asiatica on wound healing (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
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“Both endogenous and exogenous factors decrease collagen, the primary factor associated with aging skin, which encourages extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, skin laxity, deep wrinkle formation, and hyperpigmentation [10, 16, 18].”
InfluentialHur, N., Seo, Y., Bae, J., Kim, Y. J., Kim, E. J., & Choi, Y. J. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18101505
- Authors
- Tan, S. C., Bhattamisra, S. K., Chellappan, D. K., & Candasamy, M.
- Affiliations
- IMU University (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar
- Candasamy, Mayuren
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-09-13
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 8475
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3198970443
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 246
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7
- FWCI
- 8.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/2/2014/SKK03/IMU/03/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Keywords
- Centella asiatica, madecassoside, asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, pentacyclic triterpenes, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, skin diseases, herbal medicine, therapeutic potential
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