The blood pressure response to dynamic exercise testing: A systematic review
Abstract
Although blood pressure (BP) is measured routinely during exercise testing, its clinical significance is not fully understood or appreciated. As the number of studies has increased, conflicting data have emerged, partly due to differences in methodologies, populations studied, testing procedures, and definitions used for an abnormal BP response. This article attempts to review the literature studying the physiology and pathophysiology of the BP response to exercise testing and summarize the evidence for its diagnostic and prognostic applications.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
EEBP of pathological significance can occur at any exercise intensity.
“However, EEBP of pathological significance can occur at any exercise intensity [5,19]”
From The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
Cites
ACC/AHA 2002 Guideline Update for Exercise Testing: Summary Article
Gibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Bricker, J. T., CHAITMAN, B. R., Fletcher, G. F., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., McCallister, B. D., Mooss, A. N., O’Reilly, M. G., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000034670.06526.15 · Cited by 2,606 · see citing works
Self-citationThe CAFE Investigators, Williams, B., Lacy, P. S., Thom, S., Cruickshank, K. J., Stanton, A. V., Collier, D., Hughes, A. D., Thurston, H., & O’Rourke, M. F. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.595496 · Cited by 2,287 · see citing works
Heart-rate Recovery Immediately After Exercise as a Predictor of Mortality
Cole, C. R., Blackstone, E. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E., & Lauer, M. S. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199910283411804 · Cited by 1,935 · see citing works
Effect of Exercise on Coronary Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Hambrecht, R., Wolf, A., Gielen, S., Linke, A., Hofer, J., Erbs, S., Schoene, N., & Schuler, G. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200002173420702 · Cited by 1,340 · see citing works
Gibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Beasley, J. W., FAAFP, Bricker, J. T., Duvernoy, W. F. C., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., Marwick, T. H., McCallister, B. D., et al. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.1.345 · Cited by 1,094 · see citing works
Self-citationGobel, F. L., Norstrom, L. A., Nelson, R. R., Jorgensen, C. R., & Wang, Y. (1978) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.57.3.549 · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Avolio, A. P., Deng, F. Q., Li, W. Q., Luo, Y., Huang, Z., Xing, L. F., & O’Rourke, M. F. (1985) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.71.2.202 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Hemodynamic correlates of myocardial oxygen consumption during upright exercise
Kitamura, K., Jorgensen, C. R., Gobel, F. L., Taylor, H. L., & Wang, Y. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.32.4.516 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Guidelines for exercise testing
Feild, M. D. J. (1986) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(86)80208-x · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Hemodynamic Predictors of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption During Static and Dynamic Exercise
NELSON, R. R., Gobel, F. L., Jorgensen, C. R., Wang, K., Wang, Y., & TAYLOR, H. L. (1974) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.50.6.1179 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Blood Pressure Response During Treadmill Testing as a Risk Factor for New-Onset Hypertension
Singh, J. P., Larson, M. G., Manolio, T. A., O’Donnell, C. J., Lauer, M. S., Evans, J. C., & Levy, D. A. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.14.1831 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Systolic Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Stress Test and Risk of Stroke
Kurl, S., Laukkanen, J. A., Rauramaa, R., Lakka, T. A., Sivenius, J., & Salonen, J. T. (2001) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/hs0901.095395 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Froelicher, V. F., & MYERS, J. N. (1993) · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Self-citationManolio, T. A., Burke, G. L., Savage, P. J., Sidney, S., Gardin, J. M., & Oberman, A. (1994) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/7.3.234 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Gottdiener, J. S., Brown, J., Zoltick, J., & Fletcher, R. D. (1990) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-112-3-161 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Lauer, M. S., Levy, D., Anderson, K. M., & Plehn, J. F. (1992) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-116-3-203 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Follow-up of normotensive men with exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise
Dlin, R. A., Hanne-Paparo, N., Silverberg, D. S., & Bar‐Or, O. (1983) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(83)90198-9 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Prognostic significance of exercise-induced systemic hypertension in healthy subjects
Allison, T. G., Cordeiro, M. A. S., Miller, T. D., Daida, H., Squires, R. W., & Gau, G. T. (1999) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00871-6 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Morrow, K. L., Morris, C. K., Froelicher, V. F., Hideg, A., Hunter, D., Johnson, E., 川口竹男, Lehmann, K., Ribisl, P. M., Thomas, R., et al. (1993) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-9-199305010-00005 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationPeak Exercise Blood Pressure Stratified by Age and Gender in Apparently Healthy Subjects
Daida, H., Allison, T. G., Squires, R. W., Miller, T. D., & Gau, G. T. (1996) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/71.5.445 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Exaggerated pressure response to exercise in men at risk for systemic hypertension
Wilson, M. F., Sung, B. H., Pincomb, G. A., & Lovallo, W. R. (1990) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(90)91139-w · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Ren, J., Hakki, A., Kotler, M. N., & Iskandrian, A. S. (1985) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80029-2 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Exercise-induced hypotension in a male population. Criteria, causes, and prognosis.
Dubach, P., Froelicher, V. F., Klein, J., Oakes, D., Grover‐McKay, M., & Friis, R. (1988) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.78.6.1380 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationLaukkanen, J. A., Kurl, S., Salonen, R. M., Lakka, T. A., Rauramaa, R., & Salonen, J. T. (2004) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000148460.95060.f2 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Lauer, M. S., Pashkow, F. J., Harvey, S. A., Marwick, T. H., & Thomas, J. D. (1995) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(95)00388-6 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Variations in and significance of systolic pressure during maximal exercise (treadmill) testing
Irving, J. B., Bruce, R. A., & DeRouen, T. A. (1977) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(77)80037-4 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Delayed systolic blood pressure recovery after graded exercise
McHam, S. A., Marwick, T. H., Pashkow, F. J., & Lauer, M. S. (1999) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00269-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Exercise BP response in subjects with high-normal BP
Miyai, N., Arita, M., Morioka, I., Miyashita, K., Nishio, I., & Takeda, S. (2000) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00903-7 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Laukkanen, J. A., Kurl, S., Rauramaa, R., Lakka, T. A., Venäläinen, J. M., & Salonen, J. T. (2006) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000198915.83234.59 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The response of healthy men to treadmill exercise.
Wolthuis, R. A., Froelicher, V. F., FISCHER, J. R., & Triebwasser, J. H. (1977) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.55.1.153 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationSanmarco, M. E., Pontius, S., & Selvester, R. H. S. (1980) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.61.3.572 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Prognostic Significance of Systolic Blood Pressure Increases in Men During Exercise Stress Testing
Prakash, M., Polena, S., Coplan, N. L., Panagopoulos, G., Dhingra, C., MYERS, J. N., & Froelicher, V. F. (2007) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.06.070 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationExertional hypotension and postexertional ventricular fibrillation in stress testing
Irving, J. B., & Bruce, R. A. (1977) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(77)80038-6 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
O’Rourke, M. F., & Seward, J. B. (2006) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/81.8.1057 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Amon, K. W., Richards, K. L., & Crawford, M. H. (1984) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.70.6.951 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Villella, M., Villella, A., Barlera, S., et al. (1999) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70490-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Exercise testing of healthy men in a new perspective: from diagnosis to prognosis
Erikssen, G. (2004) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ehj.2004.04.009 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Blood Pressure Response to Exercise as a Predictor of Hypertension
Benbassat, J. (1986) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1986.00360220227036 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Weiner, D. A., McCabe, C. H., Cutler, S. S., et al. (1982) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(82)90238-7 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Improvement of resting myocardial asynergy with cessation of upright bicycle exercise.
Rozanski, A., Elkayam, U., Berman, D. S., et al. (1983) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.67.3.529 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Endothelial dysfunction in patients with exaggerated blood pressure response during treadmill test
Chang, H., Chung, J., Choi, S., et al. (2004) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.4960270713 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The significance of hypotension developing during treadmill exercise testing
Levites, R., Baker, T. G., & Anderson, G. J. (1978) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(78)90505-7 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Morris, C. K., Morrow, K. L., Froelicher, V. F., Hideg, A., Hunter, D., 川口竹男, Ribisl, P. M., Ueshima, K., & Wallis, J. B. (1993) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(93)90764-z · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationJ-curve not burned off by HOT study
Kaplan, N. M. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)22024-1 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Criqui, M. H., Haskell, W. L., HEISS, G. M., Tyroler, H. A., Green, P., & Rubenstein, C. J. (1983) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.68.2.225 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Miyahara, T., Yokota, M., Iwase, M., et al. (1990) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(90)90158-t · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Abnormalities of autonomic nervous control in human hypertension
Julius, S. (1994) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/bf00877080 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Tsuda, M., Hatano, K., Hayashi, H., Yokota, M., Hirai, M., & Saito, H. (1993) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(93)90163-4 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Campbell, L., Marwick, T. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E. P., & Lauer, M. S. (1999) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00562-7 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Improvement of resting myocardial asynergy with cessation of upright bicycle exercise.
ARozanski, UElkayam, SBerman, D., et al. (1983) · Circulation · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Early Exercise Test in the Assessment of Long‐Term Prognosis after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Saunamäki, K. I., & Andersen, J. D. (1981) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1981.tb11574.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Impact of left ventricular hypertrophy on blood pressure responses to exercise
Smith, D. H. G., Neutel, J. M., Graettinger, W. F., MYERS, J. N., Froelicher, V. F., & Weber, M. A. (1992) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(92)91309-r · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationGender differences in the systolic blood pressure response to exercise
Gleim, G. W., Stachenfeld, N. S., Coplan, N. L., et al. (1991) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(91)90721-s · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Acanfora, D., Caprio, L. D., Cuomo, S., et al. (1988) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.77.6.1306 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Is systolic blood pressure recovery after exercise a predictor of mortality?
Ellis, K., Pothier, C. E., Blackstone, E. H., & Lauer, M. S. (2004) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.08.009 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
MlCHELSEN, S., NUTSEN, K. M. K., Stugaard, M., & Otterstad, J. E. (1990) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059690 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Rahimi, K., Thomas, A., Adam, M., Hayerizadeh, B.-F., Schuler, G. C., & Secknus, M. A. (2006) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000198448.26613.d9 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Naughton, J., Dorn, J. M., Oberman, A., Gorman, P. A., & Cleary, P. A. (2000) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00765-1 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Lele, S. S., Scalia, G. M., Thomson, H. L., MACFARLANE, D. J., Wilkinson, D., Stafford, W. J., Khafagi, F. A., & Frenneaux, M. P. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.90.6.2701 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Fornitano, L. D., & de Godoy, M. F. (2006) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.1590/s0066-782x2006000200010 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Taylor, A. J., & Beller, G. (1995) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(95)90002-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Crea, F., Margonato, A., Kaski, J. C., et al. (1986) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(86)90258-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Delayed Recovery of Postexercise Blood Pressure in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Kitaoka, H., Takata, J., Furuno, T., et al. (1997) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(97)00229-4 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Yosefy, C., Jafari, J., Klainman, E., Brodkin, B., Handschumacher, M. D., & Vaturi, M. (2005) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.07.039 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Exercise-Induced Hypertension in Normotensive Patients With NIDDM
Blake, G. A., Levin, S. R., & Koyal, S. N. (1990) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.13.7.799 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Saunamäki, K. I., & Andersen, J. D. (1982) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03168.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Abe, K., Tsuda, M., Hayashi, H., et al. (1995) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80257-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The physiology behind exercise testing
MYERS, J. N. (2001) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70005-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationHypertension optimal treatment
Zaputović, L. (2006) · Medix · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Saunamäki, K. I., & ANDERSEN, J. D. (1985) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1985.tb06124.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Saunamäki, K. I., & ANDERSEN, J. D. (1987) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a062329 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Blood pressure response to exercise as a predictor of hypertension
Benbassat, J. (1986) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.146.10.2053 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Saitoh, M., Miyakoda, H., Kitamura, H., Kinugawa, T., Hisatome, I., Kotake, H., & Mashiba, H. (1992) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.31.606 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Dorn, J. P., Naughton, J., Imamura, D., & Trevisan, M. (2001) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01320-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
THE PHYSIOLOGY BEHIND EXERCISE TESTING
MYERS, J. N. (1994) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(21)00467-x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationComparison of exercise blood pressure measured by technician and an automated system
GARCIA‐GREGORY, J. A., Jackson, A. S., Studeville, J., Squires, W. G., & Owen, C. A. (1984) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.4960070511 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Age-adjusted modification of the Duke Treadmill Score nomogram
Rafie, A. H. S., Dewey, F. E., MYERS, J. N., et al. (2008) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2008.01.025 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationYamada, K., Hirai, M., Abe, K., et al. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The blood pressure measurement—revisited
Safar, M. E., & Smulyan, H. (2006) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2006.03.016 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Blood pressure responses to submaximal exercise in normotensive males.
Schlesinger, Z., Goldbourt, U., & Hn, N. (1970) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D. L., Coca, A., de Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339 · Cited by 10,286 · see citing works
Mancia, G., Kreutz, R., Brunström, M., Burnier, M., Grassi, G., Januszewicz, A., Muiesan, M. L., Tsioufis, K., Agabiti-Rosei, E., Algharably, E. A. E., et al. (2023) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000003480 · Cited by 3,473 · see citing works
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D. L., Coca, A., de Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001940 · Cited by 2,885 · see citing works
Fletcher, G. F., Ades, P. A., Kligfield, P., Arena, R., Balady, G. J., Bittner, V. A., Coke, L. A., Fleg, J. L., Forman, D. E., Gerber, T. C., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44 · Cited by 2,235 · see citing works
Caselli, S., Serdoz, A., Mango, F., Lemme, E., Vaquer Seguì, A., Milan, A., Attenhofer Jost, C., Schmied, C., Spataro, A., & Pelliccia, A. (2019) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy810 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Keller, K., Stelzer, K., Ostad, M. A., & Post, F. (2017) · Advances in Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.advms.2016.11.010 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Hedman, K., Lindow, T., Elmberg, V., Brudin, L., & Ekström, M. (2021) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487320909667 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Exercise Blood Pressure Guidelines: Time to Re-evaluate What is Normal and Exaggerated?
Currie, K. D., Floras, J. S., La Gerche, A., & Goodman, J. M. (2018) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0900-x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Schultz, M. G., Picone, D. S., Nikolic, S. B., Williams, A. D., & Sharman, J. E. (2016) · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2016.04.004 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Mariampillai, J. E., Liestøl, K., Kjeldsen, S. E., Prestgaard, E. E., Engeseth, K., Bodegard, J., Berge, E., Gjesdal, K., Erikssen, J., Grundvold, I., et al. (2020) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13528 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Zafrir, B., Aker, A., Asaf, Y., & Saliba, W. (2022) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000002991 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Schultz, M. G., Currie, K. D., Hedman, K., Climie, R. E., Maiorana, A., Coombes, J. S., & Sharman, J. E. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052819 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lorbeer, R., Ittermann, T., Völzke, H., Gläser, S., Ewert, R., Felix, S. B., & Dörr, M. (2015) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000000568 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Mariampillai, J. E., Engeseth, K., Kjeldsen, S. E., Grundvold, I., Liestøl, K., Erikssen, G., Erikssen, J., Bodegard, J., & Skretteberg, P. T. (2017) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.1080/08037051.2017.1291276 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
de Jesus Gomes, G., Diniz Magalhães, C. O., Queiroz, I. P., Alves de Andrade, J., Chaves Garcia, B. C., Ramalho de Souza Pereira, R., Moreira Costa, J. M., Cassilhas, R. C., Villela, D. C., Castro de Magalhães, F., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12302 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“For example, an exaggerated systolic blood pressure response during exercise ( ≥ 210 mmHg for men and ≥ 190 mmHg for women) is considered abnormal and may signal an increased risk of future cardiovascular events (Le et al. 2008).”
- Authors
- Le, V.-V., Mitiku, T., Sungar, G., Myers, J., & Froelicher, V.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Le, Vy-Van
- Venue
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 135-160
- ISSN
- 0033-0620 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023748361
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IK6 RX002477)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart rate and cardiovascular health
- Keywords
- blood pressure response, exercise-induced hypertension, exercise-induced hypotension, diagnostic criteria, prognostic value
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diastole, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Hypotension, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Systole, Time Factors, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Recovery of Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
