An update on the physiological and therapeutic relevance of GPCR oligomers
Abstract
The traditional view on GPCRs held that they function as single monomeric units composed of identical subunits. This notion was overturned by the discovery that GPCRs can form homo- and hetero-oligomers, some of which are obligatory, and can further assemble into receptor mosaics consisting of three or more protomers. Oligomerisation exerts significant impacts on receptor function and physiology, offering a platform for the diversification of receptor signalling, pharmacology, regulation, crosstalk, internalization and trafficking. Given their involvement in the modulation of crucial physiological processes, heteromers could constitute important therapeutic targets for a wide range of diseases, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, substance abuse or obesity. This review aims at depicting the current developments in GPCR oligomerisation research, documenting various class A, B and C GPCR heteromers detected in vitro and in vivo using biochemical and biophysical approaches, as well as recently identified higher-order oligomeric complexes. It explores the current understanding of dimerization dynamics and the possible interaction interfaces that drive oligomerisation. Most importantly, it provides an inventory of the wide range of physiological processes and pathophysiological conditions to which GPCR oligomers contribute, surveying some of the oligomers that constitute potential drug targets. Finally, it delineates the efforts to develop novel classes of ligands that specifically target and tether to receptor oligomers instead of a single monomeric entity, thus ameliorating their ability to modulate GPCR function.
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GPCRs function not as a single molecule, but in the form of homo- or hetero-oligomers.
“GPCRs are considered to function not as a single molecule, but in the form of homo- or hetero-oligomers [82].”
From G protein-coupled receptors function as cell membrane receptors for the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (2020) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Farran, B.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Farran, Batoul
- ORCID
- Farran, Batoul
- Venue
- Pharmacological Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 117
- Pages
- 303-327
- ISSN
- 1043-6618 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2579304123
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 270
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pharmacological Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- GPCR dimerization, receptor oligomerization, receptor signaling, receptor cross-talk, receptor internalization, receptor trafficking, receptor regulation, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, substance abuse, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Ligands, Dimerization, Protein Subunits, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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