1997–1998 El Niño off Peru: A numerical study

The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS): a split-explicit, free-surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic model

Shchepetkin, A. F., & McWilliams, J. C. (2004) · Ocean Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2004.08.002 · Cited by 5,355

Atmosphere—Ocean Dynamics

(1982) · International geophysics/International geophysics series · doi:10.1016/s0074-6142(08)x6002-4 · Cited by 4,995

Global Sea Floor Topography from Satellite Altimetry and Ship Depth Soundings

Smith, W. H. F., & Sandwell, D. T. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5334.1956 · Cited by 4,709

Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization

Large, W. G., McWilliams, J. C., & Doney, S. C. (1994) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/94rg01872 · Cited by 4,443

Atmosphere-ocean dynamics

A, M. S. E., B, R. L. D., & C, W. F. (1983) · Applied Ocean Research · doi:10.1016/0141-1187(83)90039-1 · Cited by 3,666

A Reanalysis of Ocean Climate Using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA)

Carton, J. A., & Giese, B. S. (2008) · Monthly Weather Review · doi:10.1175/2007mwr1978.1 · Cited by 1,843

Global high-resolution mapping of ocean circulation from TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1 and -2

Ducet, N., Le Traon, P. Y., & Reverdin, G. (2000) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans · doi:10.1029/2000jc900063 · Cited by 1,725

Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Nino

McPhaden, M. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5404.950 · Cited by 1,307

Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and sea-ice models: The data sets and flux climatologies

Large, W. G., & Yeager, S. G. (2004) · doi:10.5065/d6kk98q6 · Cited by 1,093

Open boundary conditions for long-term integration of regional oceanic models

Marchesiello, P., McWilliams, J. C., & Shchepetkin, A. F. (2001) · Ocean Modelling · doi:10.1016/s1463-5003(00)00013-5 · Cited by 1,005

A Semi-implicit Ocean Circulation Model Using a Generalized Topography-Following Coordinate System

Song, Y., & Haidvogel, D. B. (1994) · Journal of Computational Physics · doi:10.1006/jcph.1994.1189 · Cited by 841

Global observations of oceanic Rossby waves.

Chelton, D. B., & Schlax, M. G. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5259.234 · Cited by 828

Biological Consequences of El Ni�o

Barber, R., & Chavez, F. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.222.4629.1203 · Cited by 799

Climatic Warming and the Decline of Zooplankton in the California Current

Roemmich, D., & McGowan, J. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.267.5202.1324 · Cited by 798

International Geophysics Series

Dmowska, R., & Holton, J. R. (1992) · International geophysics/International geophysics series · doi:10.1016/s0074-6142(09)60119-4 · Cited by 734

Thermal forcing for a global ocean circulation model using a three-year climatology of ECMWF analyses

Barnier, B., Siefridt, L., & Marchesiello, P. (1995) · Journal of Marine Systems · doi:10.1016/0924-7963(94)00034-9 · Cited by 488

Sensitivity to Surface Forcing and Boundary Layer Mixing in a Global Ocean Model: Annual-Mean Climatology

Large, W. G., Danabasoglu, G., Doney, S. C., & McWilliams, J. C. (1997) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027 · Cited by 472

Forcing of intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the equatorial Pacific

Kessler, W. S., McPhaden, M. J., & Weickmann, K. M. (1995) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/95jc00382 · Cited by 439

Average circulation, seasonal cycle, and mesoscale dynamics of the Peru Current System: A modeling approach

Penven, P., Échevin, V., Pasapera, J., Colas, F., & Tam, J. (2005) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jc002945 · Cited by 371

Ekman Veering Observed near the Ocean Bottom

Kundu, P. K. (1976) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006 · Cited by 363

Coastal-Trapped Waves And Wind-Driven Currents Over The Continental Shelf

Brink, K. H. (1991) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.23.010191.002133 · Cited by 278

From small‐scale habitat loopholes to decadal cycles: a habitat‐based hypothesis explaining fluctuation in pelagic fish populations off Peru

Bertrand, A., Segura, M., Gutiérrez, M., & Vásquez, L. (2004) · Fish and Fisheries · doi:10.1111/j.1467-2679.2004.00165.x · Cited by 255

Attribution and Impacts of Upper-Ocean Biases in CCSM3

Large, W. G., & Gokhan Danabasoglu, C. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3740.1 · Cited by 252

Transports and Pathways of the Upper-Layer Circulation in the Western Tropical Atlantic

Schott, F. A., Fischer, J., & Stramma, L. (1998) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028 · Cited by 223

The Warming of the California Current System: Dynamics and Ecosystem Implications

Di Lorenzo, E., Miller, A. J., Schneider, N., & McWilliams, J. C. (2005) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-2690.1 · Cited by 194

Decadal variations in the California Current upwelling cells

Chhak, K., & Di Lorenzo, E. (2007) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2007gl030203 · Cited by 167

The physical environment of the Peruvian upwelling system

Brink, K. H., Halpern, D., Huyer, A., & Smith, R. L. (1983) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/0079-6611(83)90011-3 · Cited by 147

Coastal upwelling off Peru during normal and El Niño times, 1981–1984

Huyer, A., Smith, R. L., & Paluszkiewicz, T. (1987) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans · doi:10.1029/jc092ic13p14297 · Cited by 127

Dynamics of seasonal and interannual variability of the Peru‐Chile Undercurrent

Pizarro, Ó., Shaffer, G., Dewitte, B., & Ramos, M. (2002) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2002gl014790 · Cited by 102

Mechanisms of the 1997–1998 El Niño–La Niña, as inferred from space‐based observations

Picaut, J., Hackert, E., Busalacchi, A. J., Murtugudde, R. G., & Lagerloef, G. S. E. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jc000850 · Cited by 100

The influence of diel vertical migration on zooplankton transport and recruitment in an upwelling region: estimates from a coupled behavioral‐physical model

Carr, S. D., Capet, X., McWilliams, J. C., Pennington, J. T., & Chávez, F. P. (2007) · Fisheries Oceanography · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2007.00447.x · Cited by 99

Peru Coastal Currents During El Niño: 1976 and 1982

Smith, R. L. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.221.4618.1397 · Cited by 96

Determination and validation of average wind fields from ERS-1 scatterometer measurements

Bentamy, A., Quilfen, Y., Gohin, F., Grima, N., Lenaour, M., & Servain, J. (1996) · The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System · Cited by 92

The Peru Undercurrent: a study in variability

Huyer, A., Knoll, M., Paluszkiewicz, T., & Smith, R. L. (1991) · Deep Sea Research Part A Oceanographic Research Papers · doi:10.1016/s0198-0149(12)80012-4 · Cited by 87

The 1997–1998 oceanic El Niño signal along the southeast and northeast Pacific boundaries—an altimetric view

Strub, P. T., & James, C. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00063-0 · Cited by 83

Evolution of 1996–1999 La Niña and El Niño conditions off the western coast of South America: A remote sensing perspective

Carr, M., Strub, P. T., Thomas, A. C., & Blanco, J. L. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jc001183 · Cited by 69

A poleward jet and an equatorward undercurrent observed off Oregon and northern California, during the 1997–98 El Niño

Kosro, P. M. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00057-5 · Cited by 66

Enrichment, concentration and retention processes in relation to anchovy (Engraulis ringens) eggs and larvae distributions in the northern Humboldt upwelling ecosystem

Lett, C., Penven, P., Ayón, P., & Fréon, P. (2006) · Journal of Marine Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.03.012 · Cited by 66

Hydrographic conditions off northern Chile during the 1996–1998 La Niña and El Niño events

Blanco, J. L., Carr, M., Thomas, A. C., & Strub, P. T. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jc001002 · Cited by 65

A numerical study of the seasonal variability in the circulation off central Chile

Leth, O., & Shaffer, G. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jc000627 · Cited by 51

Subinertial Response of a Density-Driven Eastern Boundary Poleward Current to Wind Forcing

Peliz, Á., Dubert, J., & Haidvogel, D. B. (2003) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/2415.1 · Cited by 50

A mechanism for enhanced upwelling off central Chile: Eddy advection

Leth, O., & Middleton, J. (2004) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2003jc002129 · Cited by 49

Detection of the fast Kelvin wave teleconnection due to El Niño‐Southern Oscillation

Meyers, S. D., Melsom, A., Mitchum, G. T., & O’Brien, J. J. (1998) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/98jc02402 · Cited by 49

Did the Thermocline Deepen in the California Current after the 1976/77 Climate Regime Shift?

Kim, H.-J., & Miller, A. J. (2007) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo3058.1 · Cited by 47

Seasonal Variations in the Region of the Agulhas Retroflection: Studies with Geosat and FRAM

Quartly, G. D., & Srokosz, M. A. (1993) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023 · Cited by 46

Dynamical analysis of the upwelling circulation off central Chile

Mesías, J. M., Matano, R. P., & Strub, P. T. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jc001135 · Cited by 45

Generation and Propagation of Annual Rossby Waves in the North Atlantic

Herrmann, P., & Krauss, W. (1989) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1989)019 · Cited by 37

Seasonal variability of the permanent thermocline off northern Chile

Ramos, M., Pizarro, Ó., Bravo, L., & Dewitte, B. (2006) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2006gl025882 · Cited by 36

Prediction of sea level anomalies using ocean circulation model forced by scatterometer wind and validation using TOPEX/Poseidon data

Quilfen, Y., Bentamy, A., Delécluse, P., Katsaros, K. B., & Grima, N. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/36.851770 · Cited by 21

Untitled work

(2003) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2003)33

Untitled work

(1995) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008

Untitled work

(1982) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1982)012

Untitled work

(2002) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032

Untitled work

(2001) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031

Untitled work

(1999) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1999)029

Untitled work

(1994) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1994)024

The northern Humboldt Current System: Brief history, present status and a view towards the future

Chávez, F. P., Bertrand, A., Guevara-Carrasco, R., Soler, P., & Csirke, J. (2008) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.012 · Cited by 430

Coastal Upwelling Revisited: Ekman, Bakun, and Improved Upwelling Indices for the U.S. West Coast

Jacox, M. G., Edwards, C. A., Hazen, E. L., & Bograd, S. J. (2018) · Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans · doi:10.1029/2018jc014187 · Cited by 334

Climate model biases in the eastern tropical oceans: causes, impacts and ways forward.

Richter, I. (2015) · WIREs Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.338 · Cited by 253

Heat balance and eddies in the Peru-Chile current system

Colas, F., McWilliams, J. C., Capet, X., & Kurian, J. (2011) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1170-6 · Cited by 170

Cold filamentary intensification and oceanic surface convergence lines

McWilliams, J. C., Colas, F., & Molemaker, M. J. (2009) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2009gl039402 · Cited by 150

Mechanisms of the intensification of the upwelling-favorable winds during El Niño 1997–1998 in the Peruvian upwelling system

Chamorro, A., Échevin, V., Colas, F., Oerder, V., Tam, J., & Quispe, C. (2018) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-018-4106-6 · Cited by 25

Mechanisms of the 1997–1998 El Niño–La Niña, as inferred from space‐based observations

Picaut, J., Hackert, E., Busalacchi, A. J., Murtugudde, R. G., & Lagerloef, G. S. E. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jc000850 · Cited by 100

Study of the wind variation effects in the upwelling system along the Peruvian Coast through data analysis and numerical modeling

Aguirre, E. E. L. H. (2007) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)

Change in El Niño flavours over 1958–2008: Implications for the long-term trend of the upwelling off Peru

Dewitte, B., Vázquez, J., Goubanova, K., Illig, S., Takahashi, K. I., Cambon, G., Purca, S., Correa, D., Gutiérrez, D., Sifeddine, A., et al. (2012) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.011 · Cited by 120

Long wave dynamics of the interannual variability in a numerical hindcast of the equatorial Pacific Ocean circulation during the 1990s

Yuan, D., Rienecker, M. M., & Schopf, P. S. (2004) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2003jc001936 · Cited by 23