Brain response during visual emotional processing: an fMRI study of alexithymia
Abstract
Alexithymia is found in up to 10% of the general population and is associated with lower quality of life. Alexithymia is a major risk factor for a range of medical and psychiatric problems. Although a deficit involving the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) deficit is thought to offer the most promising neurobiological model of alexithymia, current studies have yielded inconsistent findings. In this study, neural activity was investigated in well-controlled alexithymic individuals subjected to emotional stimuli. Fifteen individuals with high Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) scores (high-alexithymic group) and 15 individuals with low TAS-20 scores (low-alexithymic group) were screened from 432 female college students. Depressive and anxious behaviors were scored using self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) questionnaires, respectively. Emotional stimuli consisted of pictures with positive, negative, or neutral pleasantness and high or low arousal of emotional intensity. Regional cerebral activation was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The anterior cingulate, mediofrontal cortices, insula and temporal lobe were significantly activated by intense emotional stimuli (negative or positive pictures) in high-alexithymic individuals compared to low-alexithymic individuals. Conversely, high-alexithymic and low-alexithymic individuals showed similar brain activity when subjected to neutral stimuli. Alexithymia is associated with activation in anterior cingulate and mediofrontal cortices during emotional stimuli processing. Therefore, our findings support the hypothesis that altered ACC function may be implicated in alexithymia.
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Atypicalities in the structure and function of interoceptive cortex (AI and ACC) in alexithymia seem relatively specific to these regions, rather than diffuse across the brain.
“atypicalities in the structure and function of interoceptive cortex (AI and ACC) in alexithymia, which seem relatively specific to these regions, rather than diffuse across the brain (e.g. Borsci et al., 2009; Deng et al., 2013; Frewen et al., 2006; Goerlich-Dobre et al., 2014; Grabe et al., 2014; Heinzel et al., 2010; Ihme et al., 2013; Jongen et al., 2014; Kano and Fukudo, 2013; Kano et al., 200”
From Atypical interoception as a common risk factor for psychopathology: A review (2021) · cites this paper as Deng et al., 2013
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Xue, M., Du, W., Cao, J., Jiang, Y., Song, D., Yu, D., Zhang, J., Guo, J., Xie, X., Xie, L., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-82391-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Consistent neural representation of valence in watching and recall conditionsPreprint
Kim, H., & Kim, J. (2024) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.06.17.599298
“…of negative and positive valence (Blair et al., 2007; Goldin et al., 2008) and various emotional functions, including emotional expression (Deng et al., 2013; Lin et al., 2020), facial emotion recognition (Dominguez-Borras et al., 2009; Morningstar et al., 2020), and emotion regulation…”
BackgroundGalaş, C. (2026) · Iğdır Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.58618/igdiriibf.1878837
Zhang, P.-Z., Wang, M., Wen, X., Li, P., Jin, P., Ma, X.-F., Lin, K., Tong, G.-A., Wang, G.-Q., & Han, Y.-Z. (2026) · Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases · doi:10.1186/s13023-026-04427-x
“…studies have demonstrated that increased activity in the anterior insula and anterior cingulate during emotional stimulation has been demonstrated [26], suggesting a possible feedback loop in which tremor-related proprioceptive signals (via spinocerebellar pathways) are associated with emotional…”
- Authors
- Deng, Y., Ma, X., & Tang, Q.
- Affiliations
- Central South University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Qiuping
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 213
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 225-229
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2070688943
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 3.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- alexithymia, emotional processing, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, temporal lobe, emotional arousal, emotional valence, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, depression, anxiety, female university students
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Emotions, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxygen, Photic Stimulation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult
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