Illumination conditions at the lunar poles: implications for future exploration
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At the Moon's poles, the Sun's path across the horizon is nearly invariant in altitude, resulting in areas inside craters where there is never direct sunlight exposure.
“Also, due to the geometry proper of celestial bodies, at the poles of the Moon, the path of the Sun described across the horizon would be nearly invariant in altitude, this results in areas inside craters where there is never direct sunlight exposure [22].”
Due to the Moon's 1.54° rotational obliquity, polar regions are illuminated differently compared to equatorial latitudes, with certain locations getting lighting for the majority of the year and only brief periods of darkness.
“Because of the 1.54° rotational obliquity, polar regions are illuminated differently, compared to places in equatorial latitudes. Certain locations get lighting for the majority of the year with only brief periods of darkness due to the combination of diffuse solar reflection and significant local topographic differences.”
Some areas in the lunar south pole region are exposed to sunlight for more than 80% of the year.
“In the south pole region of the moon, there are still some areas that are exposed to sunlight for more than 80% of the year”
From Energy system and resource utilization in space: A state-of-the-art review (2024) · cites this paper as [166]
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Lunar Exploration Based on Ground-Based Radar: Current Research Progress and Future Prospects
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Stereo topographic mapping concept for the upcoming Luna-Resurs-1 orbiter mission
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Self-citationLunar far-side radio arrays: a preliminary site survey
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Self-citationA review of the construction of the supporting energy system for the lunar base
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Lunar construction: A state-of-the-art survey
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Self-citationPilot Study of Low-Light Enhanced Terrain Mapping for Robotic Exploration in Lunar PSRs
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Computation of Irradiance Distribution Near the Lunar South Pole and Data Validation
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Towers on the Peaks of Eternal Light: Quantifying the Available Solar PowerPreprint
Ross, A., Ruppert, S., Gläser, P., & Elvis, M. E. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2102.11766 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Optical Imaging Chain Modeling for the Permanently Shadowed Regions at Lunar South Pole
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Solar energy on the Moon for fixed or tracked photovoltaic systems
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Concept of the habitable modular lunar base
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Natural Landing Pads on the Moon and Mars
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中国后续月球探测候选着陆区沙克尔顿撞击坑的光照及其风化层温度
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Synergy Between Science and Resource Exploration on the Lunar Surface
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Numerical Simulation of Illumination and Thermal Conditions at the Lunar Poles Using LOLA DTMs
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Self-citationA NEW REALIZATION OF THE GLOBAL LUNAR REFERENCE FRAME BASED ON CO-REGISTERED LOLA TRACKS
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Self-citationBootstrapping a Scalable Power Infrastructure for Lunar Mining
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AI-Driven Dim-Light Adaptive Camera (DimCam) for Lunar Robots
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Destination Moon : How “Luna” Dust affects Photovoltaics Modules ?
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New Presentation Series: Lunar Engineering 101
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Analysis of Lunar Surface Stray Light for Moon-Based Multispectral Camera
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Design optimization of a megawatt scale lunar VSAT solar array farm
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- Authors
- Gläser, P., Oberst, J., Neumann, G. A., Mazarico, E., Speyerer, E. J., & Robinson, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) (DE)
- Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gläser, P.
- Venue
- Planetary and Space Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- 162
- Pages
- 170-178
- ISSN
- 0032-0633 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2735050596
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 1.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Planetary and Space Science (publishedVersion)
- NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) (submittedVersion)
- elib (German Aerospace Center) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- German Research Foundation (FOR 1503, GL 865/2-1)
- Russian Science Foundation (14-22-00197)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Keywords
- lunar poles, lighting conditions, digital terrain model, Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter, permanently shadowed regions, Shackleton crater, lunar precession, solar arrays, crater rim
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