Alexithymia in personality disorders: Correlations with symptoms and interpersonal functioning
Abstract
Impairment in the ability to recognize and make sense of emotions has been hypothesized to be present in a sub-sample of people suffering from personality disorder (PD). In particular it is possible that difficulty recognizing and expressing feelings, or alexithymia, is related to many of the symptoms and problems in making sense of social interactions which are hallmarks of PD. In this study we measured levels of alexithymia with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 and explored its correlations with the overall presence of PD and different PD diagnoses, symptoms, and interpersonal difficulties. Results were largely consistent with the hypothesis. Higher levels of alexithymia were related to high levels of global psychopathology and with dysfunctional representation of interpersonal relations. A sub-sample of patients, mostly suffering from avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive and depressive PD, had alexithymic features and, in particular reported difficulties describing their feelings to others. A patient with cluster B PD featured no alexithymia. Implications of this study for future research and treatment are discussed.
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In samples of patients with Personality Disorders, no connection between narcissism and alexithymia was established.
“while other studies carried out on samples of patients with Personality Disorders (PD) established no such connection between narcissism and alexithymia [28, 29].”
From Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder. (2018) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Nicolò, G., Semerari, A., Lysaker, P. H., Dimaggio, G., Conti, L., D'Angerio, S., Procacci, M., Popolo, R., & Carcione, A.
- Affiliations
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nicolò, Giuseppe
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-42
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006526794
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 8.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- alexithymia, personality disorders, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, emotional awareness, interpersonal functioning, interpersonal problems, psychopathology, avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, passive-aggressive personality disorder, depressive personality disorder, cluster B personality disorders, emotional expression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Aged, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult
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